Date:	Fri, 6 Feb 2015 08:05:01 +1100
From:	Dave Chinner <david@...morbit.com>
To:	Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>
Cc:	Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@...dex-team.ru>,
	Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>,
	Li Xi <pkuelelixi@...il.com>,
	Linux FS Devel <linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org>,
	"linux-ext4@...r.kernel.org" <linux-ext4@...r.kernel.org>,
	Linux API <linux-api@...r.kernel.org>,
	Theodore Ts'o <tytso@....edu>,
	Andreas Dilger <adilger@...ger.ca>,
	Al Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>,
	Christoph Hellwig <hch@...radead.org>, dmonakhov@...nvz.org,
	"Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@...ssion.com>
Subject: Re: [v8 4/5] ext4: adds FS_IOC_FSSETXATTR/FS_IOC_FSGETXATTR
 interface support

On Thu, Feb 05, 2015 at 05:38:15PM +0100, Jan Kara wrote:
>   Hello,
> 
> > Users have *always* been allowed to set the project ID of
> > their own files. How else are they going to set the project ID on
> > files they create in random directories so to account them to the
> > correct project they are working on?
> > 
> > However, you keep making the assumption that project quotas ==
> > directory subtree quotas.  Project quotas are *not limited* to
> > directory subtrees - the subtree quota implementation is just an
> > implementation that *sets the default project ID* on files as they
> > are created.
> > 
> > e.g. there are production systems out there where project quotas are
> > used to track home directory space usage rather than user quotas.
> > This means users can take actions like "this file actually belongs
> > to project X and it shouldn't be accounted against my home
> > directory". Users can create their own sub directories that account
> > everything by default to project X rather than their own home
> > directory.
> > 
> > Again: project quotas are an *accounting* mechanism, not a security
> > mechanism.
>   OK, but now I got confused ;) So if users can change project ID of files
> they own, what's the point of project quotas? If I need to create a file
> and project quota doesn't allow me, I just set its project ID to some
> random number and I'm done with that...

Sure, but the admin is going to notice those random numbers in the
next quota report they run and then a user is going to get
re-educated with a clue bat.

> So are really project quotas just
> "advisory" - i.e., all users of a system cooperate so that project X
> doesn't use more space than it should (and project quotas make this
> cooperation somewhat simpler) or is there something which limits which
> project IDs user can set? I didn't find anything...

Not directly.  Project quotas have historically been used in tandem
with user quotas - user quotas cannot be escaped and that puts a
limit on the shenanigans that users can play with project quota.

[ Indeed, Irix only had user and project quotas - it *never* had group
quotas. e.g. when XFS was ported to Linux the project quota inode
was re-purposed for group quotas in 2001:

http://oss.sgi.com/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=archive/xfs-import.git;a=commitdiff;h=749b2bf3ed5ff064efd69370e6b31ea44c4a78a6
]

However, if you have a fileystem system that users can't directly
access (e.g. an NFS server) then you can use project quotas as a
space enforcement mechanism because users can't change the project
ID on the files on the server. We've used the same model with
containers - for the host to be able to use project quotas as space
resource controller, users inside a container must not be able to
change the project ID of a file....

Cheers,

Dave.
-- 
Dave Chinner
david@...morbit.com
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