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Date: Sun, 14 Jan 2007 00:07:12 -0800 (PST)
From: dean gaudet <dean@...tic.org>
To: ak@....de, vojtech@...e.cz, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [patch] faster vgetcpu using sidt (take 2)
On Sat, 13 Jan 2007, dean gaudet wrote:
> ok here is the latest rev of this patch (against 2.6.20-rc4).
>
> timings in cycles:
>
> baseline patched baseline patched
> no cache no cache cache cache
> k8 pre-revF 21 16 14 17
> k8 revF 31 17 14 17
> core2 38 16 12 14
> p4 49 41 24 24
>
> the degredation in cached timings appears to be due to the 16 byte stack
> frame set up for the sidt instruction. apparently due to -mno-red-zone...
> would you accept a patch which re-enables the red-zone for vsyscalls?
here is a first stab at a patch (applied on top of my vgetcpu sidt patch)
which enables red-zone for vsyscall. it fixes the cache degredation
problem above by getting rid of the stack frame setup in vgetcpu (and
improves the no cache cases as well but i haven't run it everywhere yet).
to do this i split the user-mode-only portion of vsyscall.c into
vsyscall_user.c. this required a couple externs in vsyscall.c and two
extra ".globl" in the asm in vsyscall_user.c.
i'm not sure if we need the CFLAGS_vsyscall.o still or not.
let me know what you think... thanks.
-dean
Index: linux/arch/x86_64/kernel/Makefile
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/arch/x86_64/kernel/Makefile 2006-11-29 13:57:37.000000000 -0800
+++ linux/arch/x86_64/kernel/Makefile 2007-01-13 23:34:22.000000000 -0800
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
EXTRA_AFLAGS := -traditional
obj-y := process.o signal.o entry.o traps.o irq.o \
ptrace.o time.o ioport.o ldt.o setup.o i8259.o sys_x86_64.o \
- x8664_ksyms.o i387.o syscall.o vsyscall.o \
+ x8664_ksyms.o i387.o syscall.o vsyscall.o vsyscall_user.o \
setup64.o bootflag.o e820.o reboot.o quirks.o i8237.o \
pci-dma.o pci-nommu.o alternative.o
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
obj-y += intel_cacheinfo.o
CFLAGS_vsyscall.o := $(PROFILING) -g0
+CFLAGS_vsyscall_user.o := $(PROFILING) -g0 -mred-zone
therm_throt-y += ../../i386/kernel/cpu/mcheck/therm_throt.o
bootflag-y += ../../i386/kernel/bootflag.o
Index: linux/arch/x86_64/kernel/vsyscall.c
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/arch/x86_64/kernel/vsyscall.c 2007-01-13 22:21:01.000000000 -0800
+++ linux/arch/x86_64/kernel/vsyscall.c 2007-01-13 23:41:08.000000000 -0800
@@ -40,161 +40,12 @@
#include <asm/segment.h>
#include <asm/desc.h>
#include <asm/topology.h>
-
-#define __vsyscall(nr) __attribute__ ((unused,__section__(".vsyscall_" #nr)))
-#define __syscall_clobber "r11","rcx","memory"
-
-int __sysctl_vsyscall __section_sysctl_vsyscall = 1;
-seqlock_t __xtime_lock __section_xtime_lock = SEQLOCK_UNLOCKED;
-
-/* is this necessary? */
-#ifndef CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT
-#define CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT 0
-#endif
-
#include <asm/unistd.h>
-static __always_inline void timeval_normalize(struct timeval * tv)
-{
- time_t __sec;
-
- __sec = tv->tv_usec / 1000000;
- if (__sec) {
- tv->tv_usec %= 1000000;
- tv->tv_sec += __sec;
- }
-}
-
-static __always_inline void do_vgettimeofday(struct timeval * tv)
-{
- long sequence, t;
- unsigned long sec, usec;
-
- do {
- sequence = read_seqbegin(&__xtime_lock);
-
- sec = __xtime.tv_sec;
- usec = __xtime.tv_nsec / 1000;
-
- if (__vxtime.mode != VXTIME_HPET) {
- t = get_cycles_sync();
- if (t < __vxtime.last_tsc)
- t = __vxtime.last_tsc;
- usec += ((t - __vxtime.last_tsc) *
- __vxtime.tsc_quot) >> 32;
- /* See comment in x86_64 do_gettimeofday. */
- } else {
- usec += ((readl((void __iomem *)
- fix_to_virt(VSYSCALL_HPET) + 0xf0) -
- __vxtime.last) * __vxtime.quot) >> 32;
- }
- } while (read_seqretry(&__xtime_lock, sequence));
-
- tv->tv_sec = sec + usec / 1000000;
- tv->tv_usec = usec % 1000000;
-}
-
-/* RED-PEN may want to readd seq locking, but then the variable should be write-once. */
-static __always_inline void do_get_tz(struct timezone * tz)
-{
- *tz = __sys_tz;
-}
-
-static __always_inline int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz)
-{
- int ret;
- asm volatile("vsysc2: syscall"
- : "=a" (ret)
- : "0" (__NR_gettimeofday),"D" (tv),"S" (tz) : __syscall_clobber );
- return ret;
-}
-
-static __always_inline long time_syscall(long *t)
-{
- long secs;
- asm volatile("vsysc1: syscall"
- : "=a" (secs)
- : "0" (__NR_time),"D" (t) : __syscall_clobber);
- return secs;
-}
-
-int __vsyscall(0) vgettimeofday(struct timeval * tv, struct timezone * tz)
-{
- if (!__sysctl_vsyscall)
- return gettimeofday(tv,tz);
- if (tv)
- do_vgettimeofday(tv);
- if (tz)
- do_get_tz(tz);
- return 0;
-}
-
-/* This will break when the xtime seconds get inaccurate, but that is
- * unlikely */
-time_t __vsyscall(1) vtime(time_t *t)
-{
- if (!__sysctl_vsyscall)
- return time_syscall(t);
- else if (t)
- *t = __xtime.tv_sec;
- return __xtime.tv_sec;
-}
-
-/* Fast way to get current CPU and node.
- This helps to do per node and per CPU caches in user space.
- The result is not guaranteed without CPU affinity, but usually
- works out because the scheduler tries to keep a thread on the same
- CPU.
-
- tcache must point to a two element sized long array.
- All arguments can be NULL. */
-long __vsyscall(2)
-vgetcpu(unsigned *cpu, unsigned *node, struct getcpu_cache *tcache)
-{
- unsigned int p;
- unsigned long j = 0;
-
- /* Fast cache - only recompute value once per jiffies and avoid
- relatively costly lsl/sidt otherwise.
- This works because the scheduler usually keeps the process
- on the same CPU and this syscall doesn't guarantee its
- results anyways.
- We do this here because otherwise user space would do it on
- its own in a likely inferior way (no access to jiffies).
- If you don't like it pass NULL. */
- if (tcache && tcache->blob[0] == (j = __jiffies)) {
- p = tcache->blob[1];
- }
- else {
-#ifdef VGETCPU_USE_SIDT
- struct {
- char pad[6]; /* avoid unaligned stores */
- u16 size;
- u64 address;
- } idt;
-
- asm("sidt %0" : "=m" (idt.size));
- p = idt.size - 0x1000;
-#else
- /* Load per CPU data from GDT */
- asm("lsl %1,%0" : "=r" (p) : "r" (__PER_CPU_SEG));
-#endif
- if (tcache) {
- tcache->blob[0] = j;
- tcache->blob[1] = p;
- }
- }
- if (cpu)
- *cpu = p >> CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT;
- if (node)
- *node = p & ((1<<CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT) - 1);
- return 0;
-}
-
-long __vsyscall(3) venosys_1(void)
-{
- return -ENOSYS;
-}
+/* the vsyscalls themselves */
+extern int vgettimeofday(struct timeval * tv, struct timezone * tz);
+extern time_t vtime(time_t *t);
+extern long vgetcpu(unsigned *cpu, unsigned *node, struct getcpu_cache *tcache);
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
@@ -259,6 +110,11 @@
#endif
+/* is this necessary? */
+#ifndef CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT
+#define CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT 0
+#endif
+
/* Assume __initcall executes before all user space. Hopefully kmod
doesn't violate that. We'll find out if it does. */
static void __cpuinit vsyscall_set_cpu(int cpu)
Index: linux/arch/x86_64/kernel/vsyscall_user.c
===================================================================
--- /dev/null 1970-01-01 00:00:00.000000000 +0000
+++ linux/arch/x86_64/kernel/vsyscall_user.c 2007-01-14 00:03:44.000000000 -0800
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*
+ * linux/arch/x86_64/kernel/vsyscall_user.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2001 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@...e.de> SuSE
+ * Copyright 2003 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
+ *
+ * Thanks to hpa@...nsmeta.com for some useful hint.
+ * Special thanks to Ingo Molnar for his early experience with
+ * a different vsyscall implementation for Linux/IA32 and for the name.
+ *
+ * vsyscall 1 is located at -10Mbyte, vsyscall 2 is located
+ * at virtual address -10Mbyte+1024bytes etc... There are at max 4
+ * vsyscalls. One vsyscall can reserve more than 1 slot to avoid
+ * jumping out of line if necessary. We cannot add more with this
+ * mechanism because older kernels won't return -ENOSYS.
+ * If we want more than four we need a vDSO.
+ *
+ * Note: the concept clashes with user mode linux. If you use UML and
+ * want per guest time just set the kernel.vsyscall64 sysctl to 0.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/timer.h>
+#include <linux/seqlock.h>
+#include <linux/jiffies.h>
+#include <linux/sysctl.h>
+#include <linux/getcpu.h>
+#include <linux/cpu.h>
+#include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/notifier.h>
+
+#include <asm/vsyscall.h>
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
+#include <asm/page.h>
+#include <asm/fixmap.h>
+#include <asm/errno.h>
+#include <asm/io.h>
+#include <asm/segment.h>
+#include <asm/desc.h>
+#include <asm/topology.h>
+
+#define __vsyscall(nr) __attribute__ ((unused,__section__(".vsyscall_" #nr)))
+#define __syscall_clobber "r11","rcx","memory"
+
+int __sysctl_vsyscall __section_sysctl_vsyscall = 1;
+seqlock_t __xtime_lock __section_xtime_lock = SEQLOCK_UNLOCKED;
+
+#include <asm/unistd.h>
+
+static __always_inline void timeval_normalize(struct timeval * tv)
+{
+ time_t __sec;
+
+ __sec = tv->tv_usec / 1000000;
+ if (__sec) {
+ tv->tv_usec %= 1000000;
+ tv->tv_sec += __sec;
+ }
+}
+
+static __always_inline void do_vgettimeofday(struct timeval * tv)
+{
+ long sequence, t;
+ unsigned long sec, usec;
+
+ do {
+ sequence = read_seqbegin(&__xtime_lock);
+
+ sec = __xtime.tv_sec;
+ usec = __xtime.tv_nsec / 1000;
+
+ if (__vxtime.mode != VXTIME_HPET) {
+ t = get_cycles_sync();
+ if (t < __vxtime.last_tsc)
+ t = __vxtime.last_tsc;
+ usec += ((t - __vxtime.last_tsc) *
+ __vxtime.tsc_quot) >> 32;
+ /* See comment in x86_64 do_gettimeofday. */
+ } else {
+ usec += ((readl((void __iomem *)
+ fix_to_virt(VSYSCALL_HPET) + 0xf0) -
+ __vxtime.last) * __vxtime.quot) >> 32;
+ }
+ } while (read_seqretry(&__xtime_lock, sequence));
+
+ tv->tv_sec = sec + usec / 1000000;
+ tv->tv_usec = usec % 1000000;
+}
+
+/* RED-PEN may want to readd seq locking, but then the variable should be write-once. */
+static __always_inline void do_get_tz(struct timezone * tz)
+{
+ *tz = __sys_tz;
+}
+
+static __always_inline int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz)
+{
+ int ret;
+ asm volatile(
+ ".globl vsysc2\n"
+ "vsysc2: syscall\n"
+ : "=a" (ret)
+ : "0" (__NR_gettimeofday),"D" (tv),"S" (tz) : __syscall_clobber );
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static __always_inline long time_syscall(long *t)
+{
+ long secs;
+ asm volatile(
+ ".globl vsysc1\n"
+ "vsysc1: syscall\n"
+ : "=a" (secs)
+ : "0" (__NR_time),"D" (t) : __syscall_clobber);
+ return secs;
+}
+
+int __vsyscall(0) vgettimeofday(struct timeval * tv, struct timezone * tz)
+{
+ if (!__sysctl_vsyscall)
+ return gettimeofday(tv,tz);
+ if (tv)
+ do_vgettimeofday(tv);
+ if (tz)
+ do_get_tz(tz);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* This will break when the xtime seconds get inaccurate, but that is
+ * unlikely */
+time_t __vsyscall(1) vtime(time_t *t)
+{
+ if (!__sysctl_vsyscall)
+ return time_syscall(t);
+ else if (t)
+ *t = __xtime.tv_sec;
+ return __xtime.tv_sec;
+}
+
+/* is this necessary? */
+#ifndef CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT
+#define CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT 0
+#endif
+
+/* Fast way to get current CPU and node.
+ This helps to do per node and per CPU caches in user space.
+ The result is not guaranteed without CPU affinity, but usually
+ works out because the scheduler tries to keep a thread on the same
+ CPU.
+
+ tcache must point to a two element sized long array.
+ All arguments can be NULL. */
+long __vsyscall(2)
+vgetcpu(unsigned *cpu, unsigned *node, struct getcpu_cache *tcache)
+{
+ unsigned int p;
+ unsigned long j = 0;
+
+ /* Fast cache - only recompute value once per jiffies and avoid
+ relatively costly lsl/sidt otherwise.
+ This works because the scheduler usually keeps the process
+ on the same CPU and this syscall doesn't guarantee its
+ results anyways.
+ We do this here because otherwise user space would do it on
+ its own in a likely inferior way (no access to jiffies).
+ If you don't like it pass NULL. */
+ if (tcache && tcache->blob[0] == (j = __jiffies)) {
+ p = tcache->blob[1];
+ }
+ else {
+#ifdef VGETCPU_USE_SIDT
+ struct {
+ char pad[6]; /* avoid unaligned stores */
+ u16 size;
+ u64 address;
+ } idt;
+
+ asm("sidt %0" : "=m" (idt.size));
+ p = idt.size - 0x1000;
+#else
+ /* Load per CPU data from GDT */
+ asm("lsl %1,%0" : "=r" (p) : "r" (__PER_CPU_SEG));
+#endif
+ if (tcache) {
+ tcache->blob[0] = j;
+ tcache->blob[1] = p;
+ }
+ }
+ if (cpu)
+ *cpu = p >> CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT;
+ if (node)
+ *node = p & ((1<<CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT) - 1);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+long __vsyscall(3) venosys_1(void)
+{
+ return -ENOSYS;
+}
-
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