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Date: Tue, 15 Apr 2008 11:11:34 +0200
From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>
To: Pekka Enberg <penberg@...helsinki.fi>
Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, Christoph Lameter <clameter@....com>,
Mel Gorman <mel@....ul.ie>, Nick Piggin <npiggin@...e.de>,
Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
"Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@...k.pl>, Yinghai.Lu@....com
Subject: Re: [bug] SLUB + mm/slab.c boot crash in -rc9
* Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu> wrote:
> i did a .config bisection and it pinpointed CONFIG_SPARSEMEM=y as the
> culprit. Changing it to FLATMEM gives a correctly booting system.
>
> if you look at the good versus bad bootup log:
>
> http://redhat.com/~mingo/misc/log-Tue_Apr_15_07_24_59_CEST_2008.good
> http://redhat.com/~mingo/misc/log-Tue_Apr_15_07_24_59_CEST_2008.bad
>
> (both SLUB) you'll see that the zone layout provided by the
> architecture code is _exactly_ the same and looks sane as well. So
> this is not an architecture zone layout bug, this is probably
> sparsemem setup (and/or the page allocator) getting confused by
> something.
i've done a revert of the page allocator to v2.6.24 status (with fixes
ontop to make it work on .25 infrastructure), via the patch below - but
this didnt change the problem.
i also doubled the sparse mem_map[] allocations on the theory that they
might overflow - but that didnt solve the crash either.
Ingo
------------------------>
Subject: revert: page alloc
From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>
Date: Tue Apr 15 10:44:34 CEST 2008
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>
---
include/linux/gfp.h | 2
include/linux/mmzone.h | 2
mm/page_alloc.c | 169 ++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------
mm/vmstat.c | 61 ++++++++---------
4 files changed, 110 insertions(+), 124 deletions(-)
Index: linux/include/linux/gfp.h
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/include/linux/gfp.h
+++ linux/include/linux/gfp.h
@@ -227,7 +227,5 @@ extern void free_cold_page(struct page *
void page_alloc_init(void);
void drain_zone_pages(struct zone *zone, struct per_cpu_pages *pcp);
-void drain_all_pages(void);
-void drain_local_pages(void *dummy);
#endif /* __LINUX_GFP_H */
Index: linux/include/linux/mmzone.h
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/include/linux/mmzone.h
+++ linux/include/linux/mmzone.h
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ struct per_cpu_pages {
};
struct per_cpu_pageset {
- struct per_cpu_pages pcp;
+ struct per_cpu_pages pcp[2]; /* 0: hot. 1: cold */
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
s8 expire;
#endif
Index: linux/mm/page_alloc.c
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ linux/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
-#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#include <linux/bootmem.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
@@ -44,7 +43,6 @@
#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
#include <linux/fault-inject.h>
#include <linux/page-isolation.h>
-#include <linux/memcontrol.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
#include <asm/div64.h>
@@ -222,19 +220,13 @@ static inline int bad_range(struct zone
static void bad_page(struct page *page)
{
- void *pc = page_get_page_cgroup(page);
-
- printk(KERN_EMERG "Bad page state in process '%s'\n" KERN_EMERG
- "page:%p flags:0x%0*lx mapping:%p mapcount:%d count:%d\n",
+ printk(KERN_EMERG "Bad page state in process '%s'\n"
+ KERN_EMERG "page:%p flags:0x%0*lx mapping:%p mapcount:%d count:%d\n"
+ KERN_EMERG "Trying to fix it up, but a reboot is needed\n"
+ KERN_EMERG "Backtrace:\n",
current->comm, page, (int)(2*sizeof(unsigned long)),
(unsigned long)page->flags, page->mapping,
page_mapcount(page), page_count(page));
- if (pc) {
- printk(KERN_EMERG "cgroup:%p\n", pc);
- page_reset_bad_cgroup(page);
- }
- printk(KERN_EMERG "Trying to fix it up, but a reboot is needed\n"
- KERN_EMERG "Backtrace:\n");
dump_stack();
page->flags &= ~(1 << PG_lru |
1 << PG_private |
@@ -460,7 +452,6 @@ static inline int free_pages_check(struc
{
if (unlikely(page_mapcount(page) |
(page->mapping != NULL) |
- (page_get_page_cgroup(page) != NULL) |
(page_count(page) != 0) |
(page->flags & (
1 << PG_lru |
@@ -610,7 +601,6 @@ static int prep_new_page(struct page *pa
{
if (unlikely(page_mapcount(page) |
(page->mapping != NULL) |
- (page_get_page_cgroup(page) != NULL) |
(page_count(page) != 0) |
(page->flags & (
1 << PG_lru |
@@ -900,51 +890,31 @@ void drain_zone_pages(struct zone *zone,
}
#endif
-/*
- * Drain pages of the indicated processor.
- *
- * The processor must either be the current processor and the
- * thread pinned to the current processor or a processor that
- * is not online.
- */
-static void drain_pages(unsigned int cpu)
+static void __drain_pages(unsigned int cpu)
{
unsigned long flags;
struct zone *zone;
+ int i;
for_each_zone(zone) {
struct per_cpu_pageset *pset;
- struct per_cpu_pages *pcp;
if (!populated_zone(zone))
continue;
pset = zone_pcp(zone, cpu);
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pset->pcp); i++) {
+ struct per_cpu_pages *pcp;
- pcp = &pset->pcp;
- local_irq_save(flags);
- free_pages_bulk(zone, pcp->count, &pcp->list, 0);
- pcp->count = 0;
- local_irq_restore(flags);
+ pcp = &pset->pcp[i];
+ local_irq_save(flags);
+ free_pages_bulk(zone, pcp->count, &pcp->list, 0);
+ pcp->count = 0;
+ local_irq_restore(flags);
+ }
}
}
-/*
- * Spill all of this CPU's per-cpu pages back into the buddy allocator.
- */
-void drain_local_pages(void *arg)
-{
- drain_pages(smp_processor_id());
-}
-
-/*
- * Spill all the per-cpu pages from all CPUs back into the buddy allocator
- */
-void drain_all_pages(void)
-{
- on_each_cpu(drain_local_pages, NULL, 0, 1);
-}
-
#ifdef CONFIG_HIBERNATION
void mark_free_pages(struct zone *zone)
@@ -982,6 +952,37 @@ void mark_free_pages(struct zone *zone)
#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
/*
+ * Spill all of this CPU's per-cpu pages back into the buddy allocator.
+ */
+void drain_local_pages(void)
+{
+ unsigned long flags;
+
+ local_irq_save(flags);
+ __drain_pages(smp_processor_id());
+ local_irq_restore(flags);
+}
+
+void smp_drain_local_pages(void *arg)
+{
+ drain_local_pages();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Spill all the per-cpu pages from all CPUs back into the buddy allocator
+ */
+void drain_all_local_pages(void)
+{
+ unsigned long flags;
+
+ local_irq_save(flags);
+ __drain_pages(smp_processor_id());
+ local_irq_restore(flags);
+
+ smp_call_function(smp_drain_local_pages, NULL, 0, 1);
+}
+
+/*
* Free a 0-order page
*/
static void free_hot_cold_page(struct page *page, int cold)
@@ -1000,13 +1001,10 @@ static void free_hot_cold_page(struct pa
arch_free_page(page, 0);
kernel_map_pages(page, 1, 0);
- pcp = &zone_pcp(zone, get_cpu())->pcp;
+ pcp = &zone_pcp(zone, get_cpu())->pcp[cold];
local_irq_save(flags);
__count_vm_event(PGFREE);
- if (cold)
- list_add_tail(&page->lru, &pcp->list);
- else
- list_add(&page->lru, &pcp->list);
+ list_add(&page->lru, &pcp->list);
set_page_private(page, get_pageblock_migratetype(page));
pcp->count++;
if (pcp->count >= pcp->high) {
@@ -1064,7 +1062,7 @@ again:
if (likely(order == 0)) {
struct per_cpu_pages *pcp;
- pcp = &zone_pcp(zone, cpu)->pcp;
+ pcp = &zone_pcp(zone, cpu)->pcp[cold];
local_irq_save(flags);
if (!pcp->count) {
pcp->count = rmqueue_bulk(zone, 0,
@@ -1074,15 +1072,9 @@ again:
}
/* Find a page of the appropriate migrate type */
- if (cold) {
- list_for_each_entry_reverse(page, &pcp->list, lru)
- if (page_private(page) == migratetype)
- break;
- } else {
- list_for_each_entry(page, &pcp->list, lru)
- if (page_private(page) == migratetype)
- break;
- }
+ list_for_each_entry(page, &pcp->list, lru)
+ if (page_private(page) == migratetype)
+ break;
/* Allocate more to the pcp list if necessary */
if (unlikely(&page->lru == &pcp->list)) {
@@ -1284,7 +1276,7 @@ static nodemask_t *zlc_setup(struct zone
if (!zlc)
return NULL;
- if (time_after(jiffies, zlc->last_full_zap + HZ)) {
+ if (jiffies - zlc->last_full_zap > 1 * HZ) {
bitmap_zero(zlc->fullzones, MAX_ZONES_PER_ZONELIST);
zlc->last_full_zap = jiffies;
}
@@ -1578,7 +1570,7 @@ nofail_alloc:
cond_resched();
if (order != 0)
- drain_all_pages();
+ drain_all_local_pages();
if (likely(did_some_progress)) {
page = get_page_from_freelist(gfp_mask, order,
@@ -1810,9 +1802,12 @@ void show_free_areas(void)
pageset = zone_pcp(zone, cpu);
- printk("CPU %4d: hi:%5d, btch:%4d usd:%4d\n",
- cpu, pageset->pcp.high,
- pageset->pcp.batch, pageset->pcp.count);
+ printk("CPU %4d: Hot: hi:%5d, btch:%4d usd:%4d "
+ "Cold: hi:%5d, btch:%4d usd:%4d\n",
+ cpu, pageset->pcp[0].high,
+ pageset->pcp[0].batch, pageset->pcp[0].count,
+ pageset->pcp[1].high, pageset->pcp[1].batch,
+ pageset->pcp[1].count);
}
}
@@ -1885,8 +1880,6 @@ void show_free_areas(void)
printk("= %lukB\n", K(total));
}
- printk("%ld total pagecache pages\n", global_page_state(NR_FILE_PAGES));
-
show_swap_cache_info();
}
@@ -2559,7 +2552,8 @@ void __meminit memmap_init_zone(unsigned
}
}
-static void __meminit zone_init_free_lists(struct zone *zone)
+static void __meminit zone_init_free_lists(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
+ struct zone *zone, unsigned long size)
{
int order, t;
for_each_migratetype_order(order, t) {
@@ -2573,7 +2567,7 @@ static void __meminit zone_init_free_lis
memmap_init_zone((size), (nid), (zone), (start_pfn), MEMMAP_EARLY)
#endif
-static int zone_batchsize(struct zone *zone)
+static int __devinit zone_batchsize(struct zone *zone)
{
int batch;
@@ -2611,11 +2605,17 @@ inline void setup_pageset(struct per_cpu
memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
- pcp = &p->pcp;
+ pcp = &p->pcp[0]; /* hot */
pcp->count = 0;
pcp->high = 6 * batch;
pcp->batch = max(1UL, 1 * batch);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pcp->list);
+
+ pcp = &p->pcp[1]; /* cold*/
+ pcp->count = 0;
+ pcp->high = 2 * batch;
+ pcp->batch = max(1UL, batch/2);
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pcp->list);
}
/*
@@ -2628,7 +2628,7 @@ static void setup_pagelist_highmark(stru
{
struct per_cpu_pages *pcp;
- pcp = &p->pcp;
+ pcp = &p->pcp[0]; /* hot list */
pcp->high = high;
pcp->batch = max(1UL, high/4);
if ((high/4) > (PAGE_SHIFT * 8))
@@ -2832,7 +2832,7 @@ __meminit int init_currently_empty_zone(
memmap_init(size, pgdat->node_id, zone_idx(zone), zone_start_pfn);
- zone_init_free_lists(zone);
+ zone_init_free_lists(pgdat, zone, zone->spanned_pages);
return 0;
}
@@ -3322,7 +3322,7 @@ static inline int pageblock_default_orde
* - mark all memory queues empty
* - clear the memory bitmaps
*/
-static void __paginginit free_area_init_core(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
+static void __meminit free_area_init_core(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
unsigned long *zones_size, unsigned long *zholes_size)
{
enum zone_type j;
@@ -3439,14 +3439,14 @@ static void __init_refok alloc_node_mem_
mem_map = NODE_DATA(0)->node_mem_map;
#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_POPULATES_NODE_MAP
if (page_to_pfn(mem_map) != pgdat->node_start_pfn)
- mem_map -= (pgdat->node_start_pfn - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET);
+ mem_map -= pgdat->node_start_pfn;
#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_POPULATES_NODE_MAP */
}
#endif
#endif /* CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP */
}
-void __paginginit free_area_init_node(int nid, struct pglist_data *pgdat,
+void __meminit free_area_init_node(int nid, struct pglist_data *pgdat,
unsigned long *zones_size, unsigned long node_start_pfn,
unsigned long *zholes_size)
{
@@ -3988,23 +3988,10 @@ static int page_alloc_cpu_notify(struct
int cpu = (unsigned long)hcpu;
if (action == CPU_DEAD || action == CPU_DEAD_FROZEN) {
- drain_pages(cpu);
-
- /*
- * Spill the event counters of the dead processor
- * into the current processors event counters.
- * This artificially elevates the count of the current
- * processor.
- */
+ local_irq_disable();
+ __drain_pages(cpu);
vm_events_fold_cpu(cpu);
-
- /*
- * Zero the differential counters of the dead processor
- * so that the vm statistics are consistent.
- *
- * This is only okay since the processor is dead and cannot
- * race with what we are doing.
- */
+ local_irq_enable();
refresh_cpu_vm_stats(cpu);
}
return NOTIFY_OK;
@@ -4503,7 +4490,7 @@ int set_migratetype_isolate(struct page
out:
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags);
if (!ret)
- drain_all_pages();
+ drain_all_local_pages();
return ret;
}
Index: linux/mm/vmstat.c
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/mm/vmstat.c
+++ linux/mm/vmstat.c
@@ -21,14 +21,21 @@ EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(vm_event_states);
static void sum_vm_events(unsigned long *ret, cpumask_t *cpumask)
{
- int cpu;
+ int cpu = 0;
int i;
memset(ret, 0, NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long));
- for_each_cpu_mask(cpu, *cpumask) {
+ cpu = first_cpu(*cpumask);
+ while (cpu < NR_CPUS) {
struct vm_event_state *this = &per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu);
+ cpu = next_cpu(cpu, *cpumask);
+
+ if (cpu < NR_CPUS)
+ prefetch(&per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu));
+
+
for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS; i++)
ret[i] += this->event[i];
}
@@ -277,10 +284,6 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(dec_zone_page_state);
/*
* Update the zone counters for one cpu.
*
- * The cpu specified must be either the current cpu or a processor that
- * is not online. If it is the current cpu then the execution thread must
- * be pinned to the current cpu.
- *
* Note that refresh_cpu_vm_stats strives to only access
* node local memory. The per cpu pagesets on remote zones are placed
* in the memory local to the processor using that pageset. So the
@@ -296,7 +299,7 @@ void refresh_cpu_vm_stats(int cpu)
{
struct zone *zone;
int i;
- int global_diff[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS] = { 0, };
+ unsigned long flags;
for_each_zone(zone) {
struct per_cpu_pageset *p;
@@ -308,19 +311,15 @@ void refresh_cpu_vm_stats(int cpu)
for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
if (p->vm_stat_diff[i]) {
- unsigned long flags;
- int v;
-
local_irq_save(flags);
- v = p->vm_stat_diff[i];
+ zone_page_state_add(p->vm_stat_diff[i],
+ zone, i);
p->vm_stat_diff[i] = 0;
- local_irq_restore(flags);
- atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_stat[i]);
- global_diff[i] += v;
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
/* 3 seconds idle till flush */
p->expire = 3;
#endif
+ local_irq_restore(flags);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
/*
@@ -330,7 +329,7 @@ void refresh_cpu_vm_stats(int cpu)
* Check if there are pages remaining in this pageset
* if not then there is nothing to expire.
*/
- if (!p->expire || !p->pcp.count)
+ if (!p->expire || (!p->pcp[0].count && !p->pcp[1].count))
continue;
/*
@@ -345,14 +344,13 @@ void refresh_cpu_vm_stats(int cpu)
if (p->expire)
continue;
- if (p->pcp.count)
- drain_zone_pages(zone, &p->pcp);
+ if (p->pcp[0].count)
+ drain_zone_pages(zone, p->pcp + 0);
+
+ if (p->pcp[1].count)
+ drain_zone_pages(zone, p->pcp + 1);
#endif
}
-
- for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
- if (global_diff[i])
- atomic_long_add(global_diff[i], &vm_stat[i]);
}
#endif
@@ -683,17 +681,20 @@ static void zoneinfo_show_print(struct s
"\n pagesets");
for_each_online_cpu(i) {
struct per_cpu_pageset *pageset;
+ int j;
pageset = zone_pcp(zone, i);
- seq_printf(m,
- "\n cpu: %i"
- "\n count: %i"
- "\n high: %i"
- "\n batch: %i",
- i,
- pageset->pcp.count,
- pageset->pcp.high,
- pageset->pcp.batch);
+ for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(pageset->pcp); j++) {
+ seq_printf(m,
+ "\n cpu: %i pcp: %i"
+ "\n count: %i"
+ "\n high: %i"
+ "\n batch: %i",
+ i, j,
+ pageset->pcp[j].count,
+ pageset->pcp[j].high,
+ pageset->pcp[j].batch);
+ }
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
seq_printf(m, "\n vm stats threshold: %d",
pageset->stat_threshold);
--
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