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Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2009 11:02:11 +0200
From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>
To: Sam Ravnborg <sam@...nborg.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, mingo@...hat.com, hpa@...or.com,
hpa@...icro.com, tglx@...utronix.de, hpa@...ux.intel.com,
jeremy.fitzhardinge@...rix.com, linux-tip-commits@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [tip:x86/urgent] x86: linker script: avoid ALIGN statements
inside output sections
* Sam Ravnborg <sam@...nborg.org> wrote:
> On Tue, Apr 28, 2009 at 10:14:55AM +0200, Ingo Molnar wrote:
> >
> > * tip-bot for H. Peter Anvin <hpa@...icro.com> wrote:
> >
> > > Commit-ID: c707f31e2e6af2d37bc742c31be0c7e96946c71f
> > > Gitweb: http://git.kernel.org/tip/c707f31e2e6af2d37bc742c31be0c7e96946c71f
> > > Author: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@...icro.com>
> > > AuthorDate: Mon, 27 Apr 2009 13:09:45 -0700
> > > Committer: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@...icro.com>
> > > CommitDate: Mon, 27 Apr 2009 13:09:45 -0700
> > >
> > > x86: linker script: avoid ALIGN statements inside output sections
> > >
> > > ALIGN statements inside output sections means that the alignment
> > > padding ends up part of the section. This causes real problems
> > > when the section is otherwise empty. ALIGN can be done either
> > > before the output section or as part of the output section header;
> > > the latter has the advantage that the alignment information is
> > > propagated into the appropriate ELF headers.
> > >
> > > Without this patch, we produce invalid kernels in certain
> > > configurations involving X86_VSMP.
> > >
> > > Reported-and-tested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>
> > > Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@...rix.com>
> > > Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@...ux.intel.com>
> > >
> > >
> > > ---
> > > arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux_32.lds.S | 45 +++++++++++++++-----------------
> > > arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux_64.lds.S | 52 +++++++++++++++++--------------------
> > > 2 files changed, 45 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
> > >
> > > diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux_32.lds.S b/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux_32.lds.S
> > > index 62ad500..7197db8 100644
> > > --- a/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux_32.lds.S
> > > +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux_32.lds.S
> > > @@ -37,8 +37,7 @@ SECTIONS
> > > } :text = 0x9090
> > >
> > > /* read-only */
> > > - .text : AT(ADDR(.text) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
> > > - . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE); /* not really needed, already page aligned */
> > > + .text : AT(ADDR(.text) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) {
> > > *(.text.page_aligned)
> > > TEXT_TEXT
> > > SCHED_TEXT
> > > @@ -52,8 +51,8 @@ SECTIONS
> > >
> > > NOTES :text :note
> > >
> > > - . = ALIGN(16); /* Exception table */
> > > - __ex_table : AT(ADDR(__ex_table) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
> > > + /* Exception table */
> > > + __ex_table : AT(ADDR(__ex_table) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(16) {
> >
> >
> > this construct breaks older toolchains:
> >
> > /opt/crosstool/gcc-4.2.3-glibc-2.3.6/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-ld:arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds:138:
> > parse error
> >
> > titan:~/tip>
> > /opt/crosstool/gcc-4.2.3-glibc-2.3.6/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-ld -v
> > GNU ld version 2.16.1
> >
> > this is what it does not like:
> >
> > __ex_table : AT(ADDR(__ex_table) - 0xffffffff80000000) ALIGN(16) {
>
> Good to know. I was yesterday wondering why we did not use this.
> As part of the .lds file cleanups I move ALIGN() out of the output
> section as this is where it should be.
Below is hpa's fix merged up by me on top of your cleanups. That
merge-up is incomplete as we lose these fixlets.
And in this form it's visible how we lose those cleanups you did -
which werent really cleanups ... Please keep such side-effects apart
from truly mechanic cleanups, whenever possible - it makes life
really simpler.
Ingo
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux_64.lds.S b/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux_64.lds.S
index 6d5a5b0..a297417 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux_64.lds.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux_64.lds.S
@@ -51,8 +51,7 @@ SECTIONS
NOTES :text :note
/* Exception table */
- . = ALIGN(16);
- __ex_table : AT(ADDR(__ex_table) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
+ __ex_table : AT(ADDR(__ex_table) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(16) {
__start___ex_table = .;
*(__ex_table)
__stop___ex_table = .;
@@ -62,8 +61,10 @@ SECTIONS
/* Align data segment to page size boundary */
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+
/* Data */
- .data : AT(ADDR(.data) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
+ .data :
+ AT(ADDR(.data) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) {
DATA_DATA
CONSTRUCTORS
/* End of data section */
@@ -72,28 +73,28 @@ SECTIONS
.data.cacheline_aligned :
- AT(ADDR(.data.cacheline_aligned) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
- . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
- . = ALIGN(CONFIG_X86_L1_CACHE_BYTES);
+ AT(ADDR(.data.cacheline_aligned) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) {
*(.data.cacheline_aligned)
}
- . = ALIGN(CONFIG_X86_INTERNODE_CACHE_BYTES);
- .data.read_mostly : AT(ADDR(.data.read_mostly) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
+ .data.read_mostly :
+ AT(ADDR(.data.read_mostly) - LOAD_OFFSET)
+ ALIGN(CONFIG_X86_INTERNODE_CACHE_BYTES)
+ {
*(.data.read_mostly)
}
-#define VSYSCALL_ADDR (-10*1024*1024)
-#define VSYSCALL_PHYS_ADDR ((LOADADDR(.data.read_mostly) + \
- SIZEOF(.data.read_mostly) + 4095) & ~(4095))
-#define VSYSCALL_VIRT_ADDR ((ADDR(.data.read_mostly) + \
- SIZEOF(.data.read_mostly) + 4095) & ~(4095))
+#define VSYSCALL_ADDR (-10*1024*1024)
+#define VSYSCALL_PHYS_ADDR \
+ ((LOADADDR(.data.read_mostly) + SIZEOF(.data.read_mostly) + 4095) & ~(4095))
+#define VSYSCALL_VIRT_ADDR \
+ ((ADDR(.data.read_mostly) + SIZEOF(.data.read_mostly) + 4095) & ~(4095))
-#define VLOAD_OFFSET (VSYSCALL_ADDR - VSYSCALL_PHYS_ADDR)
-#define VLOAD(x) (ADDR(x) - VLOAD_OFFSET)
+#define VLOAD_OFFSET (VSYSCALL_ADDR - VSYSCALL_PHYS_ADDR)
+#define VLOAD(x) (ADDR(x) - VLOAD_OFFSET)
-#define VVIRT_OFFSET (VSYSCALL_ADDR - VSYSCALL_VIRT_ADDR)
-#define VVIRT(x) (ADDR(x) - VVIRT_OFFSET)
+#define VVIRT_OFFSET (VSYSCALL_ADDR - VSYSCALL_VIRT_ADDR)
+#define VVIRT(x) (ADDR(x) - VVIRT_OFFSET)
. = VSYSCALL_ADDR;
.vsyscall_0 : AT(VSYSCALL_PHYS_ADDR) {
@@ -151,20 +152,19 @@ SECTIONS
#undef VVIRT_OFFSET
#undef VVIRT
- /* init_task */
- .data.init_task : AT(ADDR(.data.init_task) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
- . = ALIGN(THREAD_SIZE);
+ .data.init_task :
+ AT(ADDR(.data.init_task) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(THREAD_SIZE) {
*(.data.init_task)
- } :data.init
+ }:data.init
- .data.page_aligned : AT(ADDR(.data.page_aligned) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
- . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+ .data.page_aligned :
+ AT(ADDR(.data.page_aligned) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) {
*(.data.page_aligned)
}
- .smp_locks : AT(ADDR(.smp_locks) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
+ .smp_locks :
+ AT(ADDR(.smp_locks) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) {
/* might get freed after init */
- . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
__smp_alt_begin = .;
__smp_locks = .;
*(.smp_locks)
@@ -173,8 +173,7 @@ SECTIONS
__smp_alt_end = .;
}
- /* Init code and data */
- . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+ . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE); /* Init code and data */
__init_begin = .; /* paired with __init_end */
.init.text : AT(ADDR(.init.text) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
_sinittext = .;
@@ -188,8 +187,7 @@ SECTIONS
__initdata_end = .;
}
- .init.setup : AT(ADDR(.init.setup) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
- . = ALIGN(16);
+ .init.setup : AT(ADDR(.init.setup) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(16) {
__setup_start = .;
*(.init.setup)
__setup_end = .;
@@ -200,54 +198,46 @@ SECTIONS
INITCALLS
__initcall_end = .;
}
-
.con_initcall.init : AT(ADDR(.con_initcall.init) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
__con_initcall_start = .;
*(.con_initcall.init)
__con_initcall_end = .;
}
-
.x86_cpu_dev.init : AT(ADDR(.x86_cpu_dev.init) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
__x86_cpu_dev_start = .;
*(.x86_cpu_dev.init)
__x86_cpu_dev_end = .;
}
-
SECURITY_INIT
- . = ALIGN(8);
- .parainstructions : AT(ADDR(.parainstructions) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
+ .parainstructions : AT(ADDR(.parainstructions) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(8) {
__parainstructions = .;
*(.parainstructions)
__parainstructions_end = .;
}
- .altinstructions : AT(ADDR(.altinstructions) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
- . = ALIGN(8);
+ .altinstructions : AT(ADDR(.altinstructions) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(8) {
__alt_instructions = .;
*(.altinstructions)
__alt_instructions_end = .;
}
-
.altinstr_replacement : AT(ADDR(.altinstr_replacement) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
*(.altinstr_replacement)
}
/*
* .exit.text is discard at runtime, not link time, to deal with
- * references from .altinstructions and .eh_frame
+ * references from .altinstructions and .eh_frame
*/
.exit.text : AT(ADDR(.exit.text) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
EXIT_TEXT
}
-
.exit.data : AT(ADDR(.exit.data) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
EXIT_DATA
}
#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
- . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
- .init.ramfs : AT(ADDR(.init.ramfs) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
+ .init.ramfs : AT(ADDR(.init.ramfs) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) {
__initramfs_start = .;
*(.init.ramfs)
__initramfs_end = .;
@@ -258,8 +248,8 @@ SECTIONS
/*
* percpu offsets are zero-based on SMP. PERCPU_VADDR() changes the
* output PHDR, so the next output section - __data_nosave - should
- * start another section data.init2. Also, pda should be at the head of
- * percpu area. Preallocate it and define the percpu offset symbol
+ * start another section data.init2. Also, pda should be at the head
+ * of percpu area. Preallocate it and define the percpu offset symbol
* so that it can be accessed as a percpu variable.
*/
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
@@ -271,32 +261,29 @@ SECTIONS
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
__init_end = .;
- .data_nosave : AT(ADDR(.data_nosave) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
- . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+ .data_nosave : AT(ADDR(.data_nosave) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) {
__nosave_begin = .;
*(.data.nosave)
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
__nosave_end = .;
- } :data.init2
/* use another section data.init2, see PERCPU_VADDR() above */
+ } :data.init2
- .bss : AT(ADDR(.bss) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
- . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+ .bss : AT(ADDR(.bss) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) {
__bss_start = .; /* BSS */
*(.bss.page_aligned)
*(.bss)
__bss_stop = .;
}
- .brk : AT(ADDR(.brk) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
- . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+ .brk : AT(ADDR(.brk) - LOAD_OFFSET) ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) {
__brk_base = .;
. += 64 * 1024; /* 64k alignment slop space */
*(.brk_reservation) /* areas brk users have reserved */
__brk_limit = .;
}
- _end = . ;
+ _end = .;
/* Sections to be discarded */
/DISCARD/ : {
@@ -306,6 +293,7 @@ SECTIONS
}
STABS_DEBUG
+
DWARF_DEBUG
}
@@ -325,7 +313,7 @@ ASSERT((_end - _text <= KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE),
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
ASSERT((per_cpu__irq_stack_union == 0),
- "irq_stack_union is not at start of per-cpu area");
+ "irq_stack_union is not at start of per-cpu area");
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC
--
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