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Date: Fri, 29 May 2009 10:06:28 +0200
From: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@...llo.nl>
To: Paul Mackerras <paulus@...ba.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH RFC] perf_counter: Don't swap contexts containing
locked mutex
On Fri, 2009-05-29 at 16:06 +1000, Paul Mackerras wrote:
> Peter Zijlstra pointed out that under some circumstances, we can take
> the mutex in a context or a counter and then swap that context or
> counter to another task, potentially leading to lock order inversions
> or the mutexes not protecting what they are supposed to protect.
>
> This fixes the problem by making sure that we never take a mutex in a
> context or counter which could get swapped to another task. Most of
> the cases where we take a mutex is on a top-level counter or context,
> i.e. a counter which has an fd associated with it or a context that
> contains such a counter. This adds WARN_ON_ONCE statements to verify
> that.
>
> The two cases where we need to take the mutex on a context that is a
> clone of another are in perf_counter_exit_task and
> perf_counter_init_task. The perf_counter_exit_task case is solved by
> uncloning the context before starting to remove the counters from it.
> The perf_counter_init_task is a little trickier; we temporarily
> disable context swapping for the parent (forking) task by setting its
> ctx->parent_gen to the all-1s value after locking the context, if it
> is a cloned context, and restore the ctx->parent_gen value at the end
> if the context didn't get uncloned in the meantime.
>
> This also moves the increment of the context generation count to be
> within the same critical section, protected by the context mutex, that
> adds the new counter to the context. That way, taking the mutex is
> sufficient to ensure that both the counter list and the generation
> count are stable.
>
> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@...ba.org>
> ---
> kernel/perf_counter.c | 89 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
> 1 file changed, 79 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/kernel/perf_counter.c b/kernel/perf_counter.c
> index 52e5a15..db843f8 100644
> --- a/kernel/perf_counter.c
> +++ b/kernel/perf_counter.c
> @@ -919,7 +919,8 @@ static int context_equiv(struct perf_counter_context *ctx1,
> struct perf_counter_context *ctx2)
> {
> return ctx1->parent_ctx && ctx1->parent_ctx == ctx2->parent_ctx
> - && ctx1->parent_gen == ctx2->parent_gen;
> + && ctx1->parent_gen == ctx2->parent_gen
> + && ctx1->parent_gen != ~0ull;
> }
There's a nasty surprise for people a few generations down the line. All
of a sudden performance drops for a while for some unknown reason, and
then its good again,.. how odd ;-)
But yeah, seems fine, given that the alternative is yet another
variable.
> @@ -1414,6 +1414,7 @@ static int perf_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
>
> file->private_data = NULL;
>
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(ctx->parent_ctx);
> mutex_lock(&ctx->mutex);
> perf_counter_remove_from_context(counter);
> mutex_unlock(&ctx->mutex);
<snip all the other WARN_ON_ONCEs>
How about:
#define ASSERT_CTX_STABLE(ctx) \
WARN_ON_ONCE((ctx)->parent_gen != ~0ull || ctx->parent_ctx)
which would deal with both a 'locked' context and uncloned one?
> @@ -3571,9 +3596,11 @@ again:
> int perf_counter_init_task(struct task_struct *child)
> {
> struct perf_counter_context *child_ctx, *parent_ctx;
> + struct perf_counter_context *cloned_ctx;
> struct perf_counter *counter;
> struct task_struct *parent = current;
> int inherited_all = 1;
> + u64 cloned_gen;
> int ret = 0;
>
> child->perf_counter_ctxp = NULL;
> @@ -3581,8 +3608,7 @@ int perf_counter_init_task(struct task_struct *child)
> mutex_init(&child->perf_counter_mutex);
> INIT_LIST_HEAD(&child->perf_counter_list);
>
> - parent_ctx = parent->perf_counter_ctxp;
> - if (likely(!parent_ctx || !parent_ctx->nr_counters))
> + if (likely(!parent->perf_counter_ctxp))
> return 0;
>
> /*
> @@ -3600,6 +3626,34 @@ int perf_counter_init_task(struct task_struct *child)
> get_task_struct(child);
>
> /*
> + * If the parent's context is a clone, temporarily set its
> + * parent_gen to an impossible value (all 1s) so it won't get
> + * swapped under us. The rcu_read_lock makes sure that
> + * parent_ctx continues to exist even if it gets swapped to
> + * another process and then freed while we are trying to get
> + * its lock.
> + */
> + rcu_read_lock();
> + retry:
> + parent_ctx = rcu_dereference(parent->perf_counter_ctxp);
> + /*
> + * No need to check if parent_ctx != NULL here; since we saw
> + * it non-NULL earlier, the only reason for it to become NULL
> + * is if we exit, and since we're currently in the middle of
> + * a fork we can't be exiting at the same time.
> + */
> + spin_lock_irq(&parent_ctx->lock);
> + if (parent_ctx != rcu_dereference(parent->perf_counter_ctxp)) {
> + spin_unlock_irq(&parent_ctx->lock);
> + goto retry;
> + }
> + cloned_gen = parent_ctx->parent_gen;
> + if (parent_ctx->parent_ctx)
> + parent_ctx->parent_gen = ~0ull;
> + spin_unlock_irq(&parent_ctx->lock);
> + rcu_read_unlock();
> +
> + /*
> * Lock the parent list. No need to lock the child - not PID
> * hashed yet and not running, so nobody can access it.
> */
> @@ -3630,10 +3684,15 @@ int perf_counter_init_task(struct task_struct *child)
> /*
> * Mark the child context as a clone of the parent
> * context, or of whatever the parent is a clone of.
> + * Note that if the parent is a clone, it could get
> + * uncloned at any point, but that doesn't matter
> + * because the list of counters and the generation
> + * count can't have changed since we took the mutex.
> */
> - if (parent_ctx->parent_ctx) {
> - child_ctx->parent_ctx = parent_ctx->parent_ctx;
> - child_ctx->parent_gen = parent_ctx->parent_gen;
> + cloned_ctx = rcu_dereference(parent_ctx->parent_ctx);
> + if (cloned_ctx) {
> + child_ctx->parent_ctx = cloned_ctx;
> + child_ctx->parent_gen = cloned_gen;
> } else {
> child_ctx->parent_ctx = parent_ctx;
> child_ctx->parent_gen = parent_ctx->generation;
> @@ -3643,6 +3702,16 @@ int perf_counter_init_task(struct task_struct *child)
>
> mutex_unlock(&parent_ctx->mutex);
>
> + /*
> + * Restore the clone status of the parent.
> + */
> + if (parent_ctx->parent_ctx) {
> + spin_lock_irq(&parent_ctx->lock);
> + if (parent_ctx->parent_ctx)
> + parent_ctx->parent_gen = cloned_gen;
> + spin_unlock_irq(&parent_ctx->lock);
> + }
> +
> return ret;
> }
Could we maybe write this as:
static struct perf_counter_ctx *pin_ctx(struct perf_counter *counter, u64 *old_gen)
{
struct perf_counter_context *ctx;
unsigned long flags;
rcu_read_lock();
retry:
ctx = rcu_dereference(counter->ctx);
spin_lock_irqsave(&ctx->lock, flags);
if (ctx != rcu_dereference(counter->ctx))
goto retry;
*old_gen = ctx->generation;
ctx->generation = ~0ULL;
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ctx->lock, flags);
rcu_read_unlock();
return ctx;
}
static void unpin_ctx(struct perf_counter_ctx *ctx, u64 old_gen)
{
unsigned long flags;
spin_lock_irqsave(&ctx->lock, flags);
ctx->generation = old_gen;
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ctx->lock, flags);
}
So that's its easily reusable?
Things like perf_counter_{enable,disable}() also need it I think.
> @@ -3527,12 +3538,17 @@ void perf_counter_exit_task(struct task_struct *child)
> struct perf_counter_context *child_ctx;
> unsigned long flags;
>
> - child_ctx = child->perf_counter_ctxp;
> -
> - if (likely(!child_ctx))
> + if (likely(!child->perf_counter_ctxp))
> return;
>
> local_irq_save(flags);
> + /*
> + * We can't reschedule here because interrupts are disabled,
> + * and either child is current or it is a task that can't be
> + * scheduled, so we are now safe from rescheduling changing
> + * our context.
> + */
> + child_ctx = child->perf_counter_ctxp;
> __perf_counter_task_sched_out(child_ctx);
>
> /*
> @@ -3542,6 +3558,15 @@ void perf_counter_exit_task(struct task_struct *child)
> */
> spin_lock(&child_ctx->lock);
> child->perf_counter_ctxp = NULL;
> + if (child_ctx->parent_ctx) {
> + /*
> + * This context is a clone; unclone it so it can't get
> + * swapped to another process while we're removing all
> + * the counters from it.
> + */
> + put_ctx(child_ctx->parent_ctx);
> + child_ctx->parent_ctx = NULL;
> + }
> spin_unlock(&child_ctx->lock);
> local_irq_restore(flags);
And then we can also use pin_ctx() here, right?
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