linux-kernel - Re: Inline assembly queries [2]

lists.openwall.net		lists / announce owl-users owl-dev john-users john-dev passwdqc-users yescrypt popa3d-users / oss-security kernel-hardening musl sabotage tlsify passwords / crypt-dev xvendor / Bugtraq Full-Disclosure linux-kernel linux-netdev linux-ext4 linux-hardening linux-cve-announce PHC
Open Source and information security mailing list archives

Hash Suite for Android: free password hash cracker in your pocket

[<prev] [next>] [<thread-prev] [thread-next>] [day] [month] [year] [list]

Date:	Fri, 3 Jul 2009 10:40:31 -0700
From:	Brad Boyer <flar@...andria.com>
To:	kernel mailz <kernelmailz@...glemail.com>
Cc:	linuxppc-dev@...abs.org, gcc-help@....gnu.org,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: Inline assembly queries [2]

On Fri, Jul 03, 2009 at 12:14:41PM +0530, kernel mailz wrote:
> Thanks for responding to my previous mail. A few more queries
> 
> a. What is the use of adding format specifiers in inline assembly
> like
> asm volatile("ld%U1%X1 %0,%1":"=r"(ret) : "m"(*ptr) : "memory");

The format specifiers limit which registers or addressing modes will
be chosen to access that parameter. For example, if you're using an
instruction that treats r0 as a literal 0 value, you can't use the
"r" specifier for that or you may see problems if it happens to allocate
r0 for that particular argument. For memory access, the "m" lets you
use any of the normal load/store patterns (which is why this particular
choice also requires the "%U1%X1" part to allow changing the instruction).
The system was setup for an older style chip like x86 or 68k with many
restrictions on which registers can be used where and large numbers of
different addressing modes for accessing memory. It's a little clumsy
for ppc by comparison to most other chips, but it's a fundamental part
of inline assembly processing in gcc.

> b. using m or Z  with a memory address. I tried replacing m/Z but no change
> Is there some guideline ?
> gcc documentation says Z is obsolete. Is m/Z replaceable ?

No idea. I don't remember ever seeing 'Z' used in anything. Maybe somebody
else remembers what it used to mean.

	Brad Boyer
	flar@...andria.com

--
To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in
the body of a message to majordomo@...r.kernel.org
More majordomo info at  http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
Please read the FAQ at  http://www.tux.org/lkml/