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Date: Thu, 29 Apr 2010 09:15:21 +0100
From: Mel Gorman <mel@....ul.ie>
To: Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>,
Linux-MM <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@...il.com>,
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>,
Christoph Lameter <cl@...ux.com>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH -v3] take all anon_vma locks in anon_vma_lock
On Wed, Apr 28, 2010 at 04:57:34PM -0400, Rik van Riel wrote:
> Take all the locks for all the anon_vmas in anon_vma_lock, this properly
> excludes migration and the transparent hugepage code from VMA changes done
> by mmap/munmap/mprotect/expand_stack/etc...
>
In vma_adjust(), what prevents something like rmap_map seeing partial
updates while the following lines execute?
vma->vm_start = start;
vma->vm_end = end;
vma->vm_pgoff = pgoff;
if (adjust_next) {
next->vm_start += adjust_next << PAGE_SHIFT;
next->vm_pgoff += adjust_next;
}
They would appear to happen outside the lock, even with this patch. The
update happened within the lock in 2.6.33.
> Unfortunately, this requires adding a new lock (mm->anon_vma_chain_lock),
> otherwise we have an unavoidable lock ordering conflict. This changes the
> locking rules for the "same_vma" list to be either mm->mmap_sem for write,
> or mm->mmap_sem for read plus the new mm->anon_vma_chain lock. This limits
> the place where the new lock is taken to 2 locations - anon_vma_prepare and
> expand_downwards.
>
> Document the locking rules for the same_vma list in the anon_vma_chain and
> remove the anon_vma_lock call from expand_upwards, which does not need it.
>
> Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>
>
> ---
> Posted quickly as an RFC patch, only compile tested so far.
> Andrea, Mel, does this look like a reasonable approach?
>
Yes.
> v3:
> - change anon_vma_unlock into a macro so lockdep works right
> - fix lock ordering in anon_vma_prepare
> v2:
> - also change anon_vma_unlock to walk the loop
> - add calls to anon_vma_lock & anon_vma_unlock to vma_adjust
> - introduce a new lock for the vma->anon_vma_chain list, to prevent
> the lock inversion that Andrea pointed out
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/mm_types.h b/include/linux/mm_types.h
> index b8bb9a6..a0679c6 100644
> --- a/include/linux/mm_types.h
> +++ b/include/linux/mm_types.h
> @@ -239,6 +239,7 @@ struct mm_struct {
> int map_count; /* number of VMAs */
> struct rw_semaphore mmap_sem;
> spinlock_t page_table_lock; /* Protects page tables and some counters */
> + spinlock_t anon_vma_chain_lock; /* Protects vma->anon_vma_chain, with mmap_sem */
>
> struct list_head mmlist; /* List of maybe swapped mm's. These are globally strung
> * together off init_mm.mmlist, and are protected
> diff --git a/include/linux/rmap.h b/include/linux/rmap.h
> index d25bd22..703c472 100644
> --- a/include/linux/rmap.h
> +++ b/include/linux/rmap.h
> @@ -52,11 +52,15 @@ struct anon_vma {
> * all the anon_vmas associated with this VMA.
> * The "same_anon_vma" list contains the anon_vma_chains
> * which link all the VMAs associated with this anon_vma.
> + *
> + * The "same_vma" list is locked by either having mm->mmap_sem
> + * locked for writing, or having mm->mmap_sem locked for reading
> + * AND holding the mm->anon_vma_chain_lock.
> */
> struct anon_vma_chain {
> struct vm_area_struct *vma;
> struct anon_vma *anon_vma;
> - struct list_head same_vma; /* locked by mmap_sem & page_table_lock */
> + struct list_head same_vma; /* see above */
> struct list_head same_anon_vma; /* locked by anon_vma->lock */
> };
>
> @@ -90,18 +94,24 @@ static inline struct anon_vma *page_anon_vma(struct page *page)
> return page_rmapping(page);
> }
>
> -static inline void anon_vma_lock(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
> -{
> - struct anon_vma *anon_vma = vma->anon_vma;
> - if (anon_vma)
> - spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
> -}
> +#define anon_vma_lock(vma, nest_lock) \
> +({ \
> + struct anon_vma *anon_vma = vma->anon_vma; \
> + if (anon_vma) { \
> + struct anon_vma_chain *avc; \
> + list_for_each_entry(avc, &vma->anon_vma_chain, same_vma) \
> + spin_lock_nest_lock(&avc->anon_vma->lock, nest_lock); \
> + } \
> +})
>
> static inline void anon_vma_unlock(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
> {
> struct anon_vma *anon_vma = vma->anon_vma;
> - if (anon_vma)
> - spin_unlock(&anon_vma->lock);
> + if (anon_vma) {
> + struct anon_vma_chain *avc;
> + list_for_each_entry(avc, &vma->anon_vma_chain, same_vma)
> + spin_unlock(&avc->anon_vma->lock);
> + }
> }
>
> /*
> diff --git a/kernel/fork.c b/kernel/fork.c
> index 44b0791..83b1ba2 100644
> --- a/kernel/fork.c
> +++ b/kernel/fork.c
> @@ -468,6 +468,7 @@ static struct mm_struct * mm_init(struct mm_struct * mm, struct task_struct *p)
> mm->nr_ptes = 0;
> memset(&mm->rss_stat, 0, sizeof(mm->rss_stat));
> spin_lock_init(&mm->page_table_lock);
> + spin_lock_init(&mm->anon_vma_chain_lock);
> mm->free_area_cache = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
> mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
> mm_init_aio(mm);
> diff --git a/mm/init-mm.c b/mm/init-mm.c
> index 57aba0d..3ce8a1f 100644
> --- a/mm/init-mm.c
> +++ b/mm/init-mm.c
> @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ struct mm_struct init_mm = {
> .mm_count = ATOMIC_INIT(1),
> .mmap_sem = __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(init_mm.mmap_sem),
> .page_table_lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(init_mm.page_table_lock),
> + .anon_vma_chain_lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(init_mm.anon_vma_chain_lock),
> .mmlist = LIST_HEAD_INIT(init_mm.mmlist),
> .cpu_vm_mask = CPU_MASK_ALL,
> };
> diff --git a/mm/mmap.c b/mm/mmap.c
> index f90ea92..4602358 100644
> --- a/mm/mmap.c
> +++ b/mm/mmap.c
> @@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ static void vma_link(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> spin_lock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
> vma->vm_truncate_count = mapping->truncate_count;
> }
> - anon_vma_lock(vma);
> + anon_vma_lock(vma, &mm->mmap_sem);
>
> __vma_link(mm, vma, prev, rb_link, rb_parent);
> __vma_link_file(vma);
> @@ -578,6 +578,7 @@ again: remove_next = 1 + (end > next->vm_end);
> }
> }
>
> + anon_vma_lock(vma, &mm->mmap_sem);
> if (root) {
> flush_dcache_mmap_lock(mapping);
> vma_prio_tree_remove(vma, root);
> @@ -599,6 +600,7 @@ again: remove_next = 1 + (end > next->vm_end);
> vma_prio_tree_insert(vma, root);
> flush_dcache_mmap_unlock(mapping);
> }
> + anon_vma_unlock(vma);
>
> if (remove_next) {
> /*
> @@ -1705,12 +1707,11 @@ int expand_upwards(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address)
> return -EFAULT;
>
> /*
> - * We must make sure the anon_vma is allocated
> - * so that the anon_vma locking is not a noop.
> + * Unlike expand_downwards, we do not need to take the anon_vma lock,
> + * because we leave vma->vm_start and vma->pgoff untouched.
> + * This means rmap lookups of pages inside this VMA stay valid
> + * throughout the stack expansion.
> */
> - if (unlikely(anon_vma_prepare(vma)))
> - return -ENOMEM;
> - anon_vma_lock(vma);
>
> /*
> * vma->vm_start/vm_end cannot change under us because the caller
> @@ -1721,7 +1722,6 @@ int expand_upwards(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address)
> if (address < PAGE_ALIGN(address+4))
> address = PAGE_ALIGN(address+4);
> else {
> - anon_vma_unlock(vma);
> return -ENOMEM;
> }
> error = 0;
> @@ -1737,7 +1737,6 @@ int expand_upwards(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address)
> if (!error)
> vma->vm_end = address;
> }
> - anon_vma_unlock(vma);
> return error;
> }
> #endif /* CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP || CONFIG_IA64 */
> @@ -1749,6 +1748,7 @@ static int expand_downwards(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> unsigned long address)
> {
> int error;
> + struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
>
> /*
> * We must make sure the anon_vma is allocated
> @@ -1762,7 +1762,8 @@ static int expand_downwards(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> if (error)
> return error;
>
> - anon_vma_lock(vma);
> + spin_lock(&mm->anon_vma_chain_lock);
> + anon_vma_lock(vma, &mm->anon_vma_chain_lock);
>
> /*
> * vma->vm_start/vm_end cannot change under us because the caller
> @@ -1784,6 +1785,8 @@ static int expand_downwards(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> }
> }
> anon_vma_unlock(vma);
> + spin_unlock(&mm->anon_vma_chain_lock);
> +
> return error;
> }
>
> diff --git a/mm/rmap.c b/mm/rmap.c
> index 526704e..98d6289 100644
> --- a/mm/rmap.c
> +++ b/mm/rmap.c
> @@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
> * inode->i_mutex (while writing or truncating, not reading or faulting)
> * inode->i_alloc_sem (vmtruncate_range)
> * mm->mmap_sem
> + * mm->anon_vma_chain_lock (mmap_sem for read, protects vma->anon_vma_chain)
> * page->flags PG_locked (lock_page)
> * mapping->i_mmap_lock
> * anon_vma->lock
> @@ -133,10 +134,11 @@ int anon_vma_prepare(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
> goto out_enomem_free_avc;
> allocated = anon_vma;
> }
> +
> + /* anon_vma_chain_lock to protect against threads */
> + spin_lock(&mm->anon_vma_chain_lock);
> spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
>
> - /* page_table_lock to protect against threads */
> - spin_lock(&mm->page_table_lock);
> if (likely(!vma->anon_vma)) {
> vma->anon_vma = anon_vma;
> avc->anon_vma = anon_vma;
> @@ -145,9 +147,9 @@ int anon_vma_prepare(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
> list_add(&avc->same_anon_vma, &anon_vma->head);
> allocated = NULL;
> }
> - spin_unlock(&mm->page_table_lock);
> -
> spin_unlock(&anon_vma->lock);
> + spin_unlock(&mm->anon_vma_chain_lock);
> +
> if (unlikely(allocated)) {
> anon_vma_free(allocated);
> anon_vma_chain_free(avc);
>
--
Mel Gorman
Part-time Phd Student Linux Technology Center
University of Limerick IBM Dublin Software Lab
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