Date:	Mon, 27 Feb 2012 12:46:09 -0800
From:	Greg KH <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>
To:	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	torvalds@...ux-foundation.org, stable@...r.kernel.org
Cc:	lwn@....net
Subject: Re: Linux 3.2.8

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index d1bdc90..7df8a84 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 VERSION = 3
 PATCHLEVEL = 2
-SUBLEVEL = 7
+SUBLEVEL = 8
 EXTRAVERSION =
 NAME = Saber-toothed Squirrel
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/i387.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/i387.h
index c9e09ea..a850b4d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/i387.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/i387.h
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ extern unsigned int sig_xstate_size;
 extern void fpu_init(void);
 extern void mxcsr_feature_mask_init(void);
 extern int init_fpu(struct task_struct *child);
-extern asmlinkage void math_state_restore(void);
-extern void __math_state_restore(void);
+extern void __math_state_restore(struct task_struct *);
+extern void math_state_restore(void);
 extern int dump_fpu(struct pt_regs *, struct user_i387_struct *);
 
 extern user_regset_active_fn fpregs_active, xfpregs_active;
@@ -212,19 +212,11 @@ static inline void fpu_fxsave(struct fpu *fpu)
 
 #endif	/* CONFIG_X86_64 */
 
-/* We need a safe address that is cheap to find and that is already
-   in L1 during context switch. The best choices are unfortunately
-   different for UP and SMP */
-#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
-#define safe_address (__per_cpu_offset[0])
-#else
-#define safe_address (kstat_cpu(0).cpustat.user)
-#endif
-
 /*
- * These must be called with preempt disabled
+ * These must be called with preempt disabled. Returns
+ * 'true' if the FPU state is still intact.
  */
-static inline void fpu_save_init(struct fpu *fpu)
+static inline int fpu_save_init(struct fpu *fpu)
 {
 	if (use_xsave()) {
 		fpu_xsave(fpu);
@@ -233,33 +225,33 @@ static inline void fpu_save_init(struct fpu *fpu)
 		 * xsave header may indicate the init state of the FP.
 		 */
 		if (!(fpu->state->xsave.xsave_hdr.xstate_bv & XSTATE_FP))
-			return;
+			return 1;
 	} else if (use_fxsr()) {
 		fpu_fxsave(fpu);
 	} else {
 		asm volatile("fnsave %[fx]; fwait"
 			     : [fx] "=m" (fpu->state->fsave));
-		return;
+		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (unlikely(fpu->state->fxsave.swd & X87_FSW_ES))
+	/*
+	 * If exceptions are pending, we need to clear them so
+	 * that we don't randomly get exceptions later.
+	 *
+	 * FIXME! Is this perhaps only true for the old-style
+	 * irq13 case? Maybe we could leave the x87 state
+	 * intact otherwise?
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(fpu->state->fxsave.swd & X87_FSW_ES)) {
 		asm volatile("fnclex");
-
-	/* AMD K7/K8 CPUs don't save/restore FDP/FIP/FOP unless an exception
-	   is pending.  Clear the x87 state here by setting it to fixed
-	   values. safe_address is a random variable that should be in L1 */
-	alternative_input(
-		ASM_NOP8 ASM_NOP2,
-		"emms\n\t"	  	/* clear stack tags */
-		"fildl %P[addr]",	/* set F?P to defined value */
-		X86_FEATURE_FXSAVE_LEAK,
-		[addr] "m" (safe_address));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
 }
 
-static inline void __save_init_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
+static inline int __save_init_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
-	fpu_save_init(&tsk->thread.fpu);
-	task_thread_info(tsk)->status &= ~TS_USEDFPU;
+	return fpu_save_init(&tsk->thread.fpu);
 }
 
 static inline int fpu_fxrstor_checking(struct fpu *fpu)
@@ -281,39 +273,185 @@ static inline int restore_fpu_checking(struct task_struct *tsk)
 }
 
 /*
- * Signal frame handlers...
+ * Software FPU state helpers. Careful: these need to
+ * be preemption protection *and* they need to be
+ * properly paired with the CR0.TS changes!
  */
-extern int save_i387_xstate(void __user *buf);
-extern int restore_i387_xstate(void __user *buf);
+static inline int __thread_has_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
+{
+	return tsk->thread.has_fpu;
+}
 
-static inline void __unlazy_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
+/* Must be paired with an 'stts' after! */
+static inline void __thread_clear_has_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
-	if (task_thread_info(tsk)->status & TS_USEDFPU) {
-		__save_init_fpu(tsk);
-		stts();
-	} else
-		tsk->fpu_counter = 0;
+	tsk->thread.has_fpu = 0;
+}
+
+/* Must be paired with a 'clts' before! */
+static inline void __thread_set_has_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
+{
+	tsk->thread.has_fpu = 1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Encapsulate the CR0.TS handling together with the
+ * software flag.
+ *
+ * These generally need preemption protection to work,
+ * do try to avoid using these on their own.
+ */
+static inline void __thread_fpu_end(struct task_struct *tsk)
+{
+	__thread_clear_has_fpu(tsk);
+	stts();
+}
+
+static inline void __thread_fpu_begin(struct task_struct *tsk)
+{
+	clts();
+	__thread_set_has_fpu(tsk);
+}
+
+/*
+ * FPU state switching for scheduling.
+ *
+ * This is a two-stage process:
+ *
+ *  - switch_fpu_prepare() saves the old state and
+ *    sets the new state of the CR0.TS bit. This is
+ *    done within the context of the old process.
+ *
+ *  - switch_fpu_finish() restores the new state as
+ *    necessary.
+ */
+typedef struct { int preload; } fpu_switch_t;
+
+/*
+ * FIXME! We could do a totally lazy restore, but we need to
+ * add a per-cpu "this was the task that last touched the FPU
+ * on this CPU" variable, and the task needs to have a "I last
+ * touched the FPU on this CPU" and check them.
+ *
+ * We don't do that yet, so "fpu_lazy_restore()" always returns
+ * false, but some day..
+ */
+#define fpu_lazy_restore(tsk) (0)
+#define fpu_lazy_state_intact(tsk) do { } while (0)
+
+static inline fpu_switch_t switch_fpu_prepare(struct task_struct *old, struct task_struct *new)
+{
+	fpu_switch_t fpu;
+
+	fpu.preload = tsk_used_math(new) && new->fpu_counter > 5;
+	if (__thread_has_fpu(old)) {
+		if (__save_init_fpu(old))
+			fpu_lazy_state_intact(old);
+		__thread_clear_has_fpu(old);
+		old->fpu_counter++;
+
+		/* Don't change CR0.TS if we just switch! */
+		if (fpu.preload) {
+			__thread_set_has_fpu(new);
+			prefetch(new->thread.fpu.state);
+		} else
+			stts();
+	} else {
+		old->fpu_counter = 0;
+		if (fpu.preload) {
+			if (fpu_lazy_restore(new))
+				fpu.preload = 0;
+			else
+				prefetch(new->thread.fpu.state);
+			__thread_fpu_begin(new);
+		}
+	}
+	return fpu;
+}
+
+/*
+ * By the time this gets called, we've already cleared CR0.TS and
+ * given the process the FPU if we are going to preload the FPU
+ * state - all we need to do is to conditionally restore the register
+ * state itself.
+ */
+static inline void switch_fpu_finish(struct task_struct *new, fpu_switch_t fpu)
+{
+	if (fpu.preload)
+		__math_state_restore(new);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Signal frame handlers...
+ */
+extern int save_i387_xstate(void __user *buf);
+extern int restore_i387_xstate(void __user *buf);
+
 static inline void __clear_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
-	if (task_thread_info(tsk)->status & TS_USEDFPU) {
+	if (__thread_has_fpu(tsk)) {
 		/* Ignore delayed exceptions from user space */
 		asm volatile("1: fwait\n"
 			     "2:\n"
 			     _ASM_EXTABLE(1b, 2b));
-		task_thread_info(tsk)->status &= ~TS_USEDFPU;
-		stts();
+		__thread_fpu_end(tsk);
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * Were we in an interrupt that interrupted kernel mode?
+ *
+ * We can do a kernel_fpu_begin/end() pair *ONLY* if that
+ * pair does nothing at all: the thread must not have fpu (so
+ * that we don't try to save the FPU state), and TS must
+ * be set (so that the clts/stts pair does nothing that is
+ * visible in the interrupted kernel thread).
+ */
+static inline bool interrupted_kernel_fpu_idle(void)
+{
+	return !__thread_has_fpu(current) &&
+		(read_cr0() & X86_CR0_TS);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Were we in user mode (or vm86 mode) when we were
+ * interrupted?
+ *
+ * Doing kernel_fpu_begin/end() is ok if we are running
+ * in an interrupt context from user mode - we'll just
+ * save the FPU state as required.
+ */
+static inline bool interrupted_user_mode(void)
+{
+	struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
+	return regs && user_mode_vm(regs);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Can we use the FPU in kernel mode with the
+ * whole "kernel_fpu_begin/end()" sequence?
+ *
+ * It's always ok in process context (ie "not interrupt")
+ * but it is sometimes ok even from an irq.
+ */
+static inline bool irq_fpu_usable(void)
+{
+	return !in_interrupt() ||
+		interrupted_user_mode() ||
+		interrupted_kernel_fpu_idle();
+}
+
 static inline void kernel_fpu_begin(void)
 {
-	struct thread_info *me = current_thread_info();
+	struct task_struct *me = current;
+
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(!irq_fpu_usable());
 	preempt_disable();
-	if (me->status & TS_USEDFPU)
-		__save_init_fpu(me->task);
-	else
+	if (__thread_has_fpu(me)) {
+		__save_init_fpu(me);
+		__thread_clear_has_fpu(me);
+		/* We do 'stts()' in kernel_fpu_end() */
+	} else
 		clts();
 }
 
@@ -323,14 +461,6 @@ static inline void kernel_fpu_end(void)
 	preempt_enable();
 }
 
-static inline bool irq_fpu_usable(void)
-{
-	struct pt_regs *regs;
-
-	return !in_interrupt() || !(regs = get_irq_regs()) || \
-		user_mode(regs) || (read_cr0() & X86_CR0_TS);
-}
-
 /*
  * Some instructions like VIA's padlock instructions generate a spurious
  * DNA fault but don't modify SSE registers. And these instructions
@@ -363,20 +493,64 @@ static inline void irq_ts_restore(int TS_state)
 }
 
 /*
+ * The question "does this thread have fpu access?"
+ * is slightly racy, since preemption could come in
+ * and revoke it immediately after the test.
+ *
+ * However, even in that very unlikely scenario,
+ * we can just assume we have FPU access - typically
+ * to save the FP state - we'll just take a #NM
+ * fault and get the FPU access back.
+ *
+ * The actual user_fpu_begin/end() functions
+ * need to be preemption-safe, though.
+ *
+ * NOTE! user_fpu_end() must be used only after you
+ * have saved the FP state, and user_fpu_begin() must
+ * be used only immediately before restoring it.
+ * These functions do not do any save/restore on
+ * their own.
+ */
+static inline int user_has_fpu(void)
+{
+	return __thread_has_fpu(current);
+}
+
+static inline void user_fpu_end(void)
+{
+	preempt_disable();
+	__thread_fpu_end(current);
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+static inline void user_fpu_begin(void)
+{
+	preempt_disable();
+	if (!user_has_fpu())
+		__thread_fpu_begin(current);
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+/*
  * These disable preemption on their own and are safe
  */
 static inline void save_init_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(!__thread_has_fpu(tsk));
 	preempt_disable();
 	__save_init_fpu(tsk);
-	stts();
+	__thread_fpu_end(tsk);
 	preempt_enable();
 }
 
 static inline void unlazy_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
 	preempt_disable();
-	__unlazy_fpu(tsk);
+	if (__thread_has_fpu(tsk)) {
+		__save_init_fpu(tsk);
+		__thread_fpu_end(tsk);
+	} else
+		tsk->fpu_counter = 0;
 	preempt_enable();
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
index b650435..bb3ee36 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
@@ -456,6 +456,7 @@ struct thread_struct {
 	unsigned long		trap_no;
 	unsigned long		error_code;
 	/* floating point and extended processor state */
+	unsigned long		has_fpu;
 	struct fpu		fpu;
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 	/* Virtual 86 mode info */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h
index a1fe5c1..d7ef849 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h
@@ -242,8 +242,6 @@ static inline struct thread_info *current_thread_info(void)
  * ever touches our thread-synchronous status, so we don't
  * have to worry about atomic accesses.
  */
-#define TS_USEDFPU		0x0001	/* FPU was used by this task
-					   this quantum (SMP) */
 #define TS_COMPAT		0x0002	/* 32bit syscall active (64BIT)*/
 #define TS_POLLING		0x0004	/* idle task polling need_resched,
 					   skip sending interrupt */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c
index 795b79f..8598296 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c
@@ -297,22 +297,11 @@ __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
 				 *next = &next_p->thread;
 	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
 	struct tss_struct *tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, cpu);
-	bool preload_fpu;
+	fpu_switch_t fpu;
 
 	/* never put a printk in __switch_to... printk() calls wake_up*() indirectly */
 
-	/*
-	 * If the task has used fpu the last 5 timeslices, just do a full
-	 * restore of the math state immediately to avoid the trap; the
-	 * chances of needing FPU soon are obviously high now
-	 */
-	preload_fpu = tsk_used_math(next_p) && next_p->fpu_counter > 5;
-
-	__unlazy_fpu(prev_p);
-
-	/* we're going to use this soon, after a few expensive things */
-	if (preload_fpu)
-		prefetch(next->fpu.state);
+	fpu = switch_fpu_prepare(prev_p, next_p);
 
 	/*
 	 * Reload esp0.
@@ -352,11 +341,6 @@ __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
 		     task_thread_info(next_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_NEXT))
 		__switch_to_xtra(prev_p, next_p, tss);
 
-	/* If we're going to preload the fpu context, make sure clts
-	   is run while we're batching the cpu state updates. */
-	if (preload_fpu)
-		clts();
-
 	/*
 	 * Leave lazy mode, flushing any hypercalls made here.
 	 * This must be done before restoring TLS segments so
@@ -366,15 +350,14 @@ __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
 	 */
 	arch_end_context_switch(next_p);
 
-	if (preload_fpu)
-		__math_state_restore();
-
 	/*
 	 * Restore %gs if needed (which is common)
 	 */
 	if (prev->gs | next->gs)
 		lazy_load_gs(next->gs);
 
+	switch_fpu_finish(next_p, fpu);
+
 	percpu_write(current_task, next_p);
 
 	return prev_p;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
index 3bd7e6e..6a364a6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
@@ -381,18 +381,9 @@ __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
 	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
 	struct tss_struct *tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, cpu);
 	unsigned fsindex, gsindex;
-	bool preload_fpu;
+	fpu_switch_t fpu;
 
-	/*
-	 * If the task has used fpu the last 5 timeslices, just do a full
-	 * restore of the math state immediately to avoid the trap; the
-	 * chances of needing FPU soon are obviously high now
-	 */
-	preload_fpu = tsk_used_math(next_p) && next_p->fpu_counter > 5;
-
-	/* we're going to use this soon, after a few expensive things */
-	if (preload_fpu)
-		prefetch(next->fpu.state);
+	fpu = switch_fpu_prepare(prev_p, next_p);
 
 	/*
 	 * Reload esp0, LDT and the page table pointer:
@@ -422,13 +413,6 @@ __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
 
 	load_TLS(next, cpu);
 
-	/* Must be after DS reload */
-	__unlazy_fpu(prev_p);
-
-	/* Make sure cpu is ready for new context */
-	if (preload_fpu)
-		clts();
-
 	/*
 	 * Leave lazy mode, flushing any hypercalls made here.
 	 * This must be done before restoring TLS segments so
@@ -469,6 +453,8 @@ __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
 		wrmsrl(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE, next->gs);
 	prev->gsindex = gsindex;
 
+	switch_fpu_finish(next_p, fpu);
+
 	/*
 	 * Switch the PDA and FPU contexts.
 	 */
@@ -487,13 +473,6 @@ __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
 		     task_thread_info(prev_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_PREV))
 		__switch_to_xtra(prev_p, next_p, tss);
 
-	/*
-	 * Preload the FPU context, now that we've determined that the
-	 * task is likely to be using it. 
-	 */
-	if (preload_fpu)
-		__math_state_restore();
-
 	return prev_p;
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/traps.c b/arch/x86/kernel/traps.c
index a8e3eb8..31d9d0f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/traps.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/traps.c
@@ -562,25 +562,34 @@ asmlinkage void __attribute__((weak)) smp_threshold_interrupt(void)
 }
 
 /*
- * __math_state_restore assumes that cr0.TS is already clear and the
- * fpu state is all ready for use.  Used during context switch.
+ * This gets called with the process already owning the
+ * FPU state, and with CR0.TS cleared. It just needs to
+ * restore the FPU register state.
  */
-void __math_state_restore(void)
+void __math_state_restore(struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
-	struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
-	struct task_struct *tsk = thread->task;
+	/* We need a safe address that is cheap to find and that is already
+	   in L1. We've just brought in "tsk->thread.has_fpu", so use that */
+#define safe_address (tsk->thread.has_fpu)
+
+	/* AMD K7/K8 CPUs don't save/restore FDP/FIP/FOP unless an exception
+	   is pending.  Clear the x87 state here by setting it to fixed
+	   values. safe_address is a random variable that should be in L1 */
+	alternative_input(
+		ASM_NOP8 ASM_NOP2,
+		"emms\n\t"	  	/* clear stack tags */
+		"fildl %P[addr]",	/* set F?P to defined value */
+		X86_FEATURE_FXSAVE_LEAK,
+		[addr] "m" (safe_address));
 
 	/*
 	 * Paranoid restore. send a SIGSEGV if we fail to restore the state.
 	 */
 	if (unlikely(restore_fpu_checking(tsk))) {
-		stts();
+		__thread_fpu_end(tsk);
 		force_sig(SIGSEGV, tsk);
 		return;
 	}
-
-	thread->status |= TS_USEDFPU;	/* So we fnsave on switch_to() */
-	tsk->fpu_counter++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -590,13 +599,12 @@ void __math_state_restore(void)
  * Careful.. There are problems with IBM-designed IRQ13 behaviour.
  * Don't touch unless you *really* know how it works.
  *
- * Must be called with kernel preemption disabled (in this case,
- * local interrupts are disabled at the call-site in entry.S).
+ * Must be called with kernel preemption disabled (eg with local
+ * local interrupts as in the case of do_device_not_available).
  */
-asmlinkage void math_state_restore(void)
+void math_state_restore(void)
 {
-	struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
-	struct task_struct *tsk = thread->task;
+	struct task_struct *tsk = current;
 
 	if (!tsk_used_math(tsk)) {
 		local_irq_enable();
@@ -613,9 +621,10 @@ asmlinkage void math_state_restore(void)
 		local_irq_disable();
 	}
 
-	clts();				/* Allow maths ops (or we recurse) */
+	__thread_fpu_begin(tsk);
+	__math_state_restore(tsk);
 
-	__math_state_restore();
+	tsk->fpu_counter++;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(math_state_restore);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/xsave.c b/arch/x86/kernel/xsave.c
index a391134..7110911 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/xsave.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/xsave.c
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ void __sanitize_i387_state(struct task_struct *tsk)
 	if (!fx)
 		return;
 
-	BUG_ON(task_thread_info(tsk)->status & TS_USEDFPU);
+	BUG_ON(__thread_has_fpu(tsk));
 
 	xstate_bv = tsk->thread.fpu.state->xsave.xsave_hdr.xstate_bv;
 
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ int save_i387_xstate(void __user *buf)
 	if (!used_math())
 		return 0;
 
-	if (task_thread_info(tsk)->status & TS_USEDFPU) {
+	if (user_has_fpu()) {
 		if (use_xsave())
 			err = xsave_user(buf);
 		else
@@ -176,8 +176,7 @@ int save_i387_xstate(void __user *buf)
 
 		if (err)
 			return err;
-		task_thread_info(tsk)->status &= ~TS_USEDFPU;
-		stts();
+		user_fpu_end();
 	} else {
 		sanitize_i387_state(tsk);
 		if (__copy_to_user(buf, &tsk->thread.fpu.state->fxsave,
@@ -292,10 +291,7 @@ int restore_i387_xstate(void __user *buf)
 			return err;
 	}
 
-	if (!(task_thread_info(current)->status & TS_USEDFPU)) {
-		clts();
-		task_thread_info(current)->status |= TS_USEDFPU;
-	}
+	user_fpu_begin();
 	if (use_xsave())
 		err = restore_user_xstate(buf);
 	else
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c
index 579a0b5..4ea7678 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c
@@ -1456,7 +1456,7 @@ static void __vmx_load_host_state(struct vcpu_vmx *vmx)
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 	wrmsrl(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE, vmx->msr_host_kernel_gs_base);
 #endif
-	if (current_thread_info()->status & TS_USEDFPU)
+	if (__thread_has_fpu(current))
 		clts();
 	load_gdt(&__get_cpu_var(host_gdt));
 }
--
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