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Date: Wed, 04 Jul 2012 18:43:47 +0800
From: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@...fujitsu.com>
To: Mel Gorman <mel@....ul.ie>
CC: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@...era.com>, Len Brown <lenb@...nel.org>,
Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>,
Andi Kleen <andi@...stfloor.org>, Julia Lawall <julia@...u.dk>,
David Howells <dhowells@...hat.com>,
Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@...nel.crashing.org>,
Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@...y.org>,
Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>,
Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@...driver.com>,
Daniel Kiper <dkiper@...-space.pl>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@...cle.com>,
Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.cz>,
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>,
Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>,
Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@...a86.com>,
Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@...sung.com>,
Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>,
Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@...gle.com>,
Christoph Lameter <cl@...ux.com>,
David Rientjes <rientjes@...gle.com>,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-acpi@...r.kernel.org,
linux-mm@...ck.org
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH 1/3 V1] mm, page_alloc: use __rmqueue_smallest when
borrow memory from MIGRATE_CMA
On 07/04/2012 06:17 PM, Mel Gorman wrote:
> On Wed, Jul 04, 2012 at 03:26:16PM +0800, Lai Jiangshan wrote:
>> The pages of MIGRATE_CMA can't not be changed to the other type,
>> nor be moved to the other free list.
>>
>> ==>
>> So when we use __rmqueue_fallback() to borrow memory from MIGRATE_CMA,
>> one of the highest order page is borrowed and it is split.
>> But the free pages resulted by splitting can NOT
>> be moved to MIGRATE_MOVABLE.
>>
>> ==>
>> So in the next time of allocation, we NEED to borrow again,
>> another one of the highest order page is borrowed from CMA and it is split.
>> and results some other new split free pages.
>>
>
> Then special case __rmqueue_fallback() to move pages stolen from
> MIGRATE_CMA to the MIGRATE_MOVABLE lists but do not change the pageblock
> type.
Because unmovable-page-requirement can allocate page from
MIGRATE_MOVABLE free list. So We can not move MIGRATE_CMA pages
to the MIGRATE_MOVABLE free list.
See here:
MOVABLE list is empty
UNMOVABLE list is empty
movable-page-requirement
borrow from CMA list
split it, others are put into UNMOVABLE list
unmovable-page-requiremnt
borrow from UNMOVABLE list
NOW, it is BUG, we use CMA pages for unmovable usage.
>
>> ==>
>> So when __rmqueue_fallback() borrows (highest order)memory from MIGRATE_CMA,
>> it introduces fragments at the same time and may waste tlb(only one page is used in
>> a pageblock).
>>
>> Conclusion:
>> We should borrows the smallest order memory from MIGRATE_CMA in such case
>>
>
> That's excessive and unnecessary special casing. Just move the
> MIGRATE_CMA pages to the MIGRATE_MOVABLE lists.
...
>
>> Result(good):
>> 1) use __rmqueue_smallest when borrow memory from MIGRATE_CMA
>> 2) __rmqueue_fallback() don't handle CMA, it becomes much simpler
>> Result(bad):
>> __rmqueue_smallest() can't not be inlined to avoid function call overhead.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@...fujitsu.com>
>> ---
>> include/linux/mmzone.h | 1 +
>> mm/page_alloc.c | 63 ++++++++++++++++--------------------------------
>> 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
>> index bf3404e..979c333 100644
>> --- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
>> +++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
>> @@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ enum {
>> MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE,
>> MIGRATE_MOVABLE,
>> MIGRATE_PCPTYPES, /* the number of types on the pcp lists */
>> + MIGRATE_PRIME_TYPES = MIGRATE_PCPTYPES,
>
> No explanation why this new name is necessary.
These three types are the basic types.
reusing the name MIGRATE_PCPTYPES in fallback array makes confusing.
>
>> MIGRATE_RESERVE = MIGRATE_PCPTYPES,
>> #ifdef CONFIG_CMA
>> /*
>> diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
>> index 476ae3e..efc327f 100644
>> --- a/mm/page_alloc.c
>> +++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
>> @@ -893,17 +893,10 @@ struct page *__rmqueue_smallest(struct zone *zone, unsigned int order,
>> * This array describes the order lists are fallen back to when
>> * the free lists for the desirable migrate type are depleted
>> */
>> -static int fallbacks[MIGRATE_TYPES][4] = {
>> - [MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE] = { MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE, MIGRATE_MOVABLE, MIGRATE_RESERVE },
>> - [MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE] = { MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE, MIGRATE_MOVABLE, MIGRATE_RESERVE },
>> -#ifdef CONFIG_CMA
>> - [MIGRATE_MOVABLE] = { MIGRATE_CMA, MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE, MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE, MIGRATE_RESERVE },
>> - [MIGRATE_CMA] = { MIGRATE_RESERVE }, /* Never used */
>> -#else
>> - [MIGRATE_MOVABLE] = { MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE, MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE, MIGRATE_RESERVE },
>> -#endif
>> - [MIGRATE_RESERVE] = { MIGRATE_RESERVE }, /* Never used */
>> - [MIGRATE_ISOLATE] = { MIGRATE_RESERVE }, /* Never used */
>> +static int fallbacks[MIGRATE_PRIME_TYPES][2] = {
>> + [MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE] = { MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE, MIGRATE_MOVABLE },
>> + [MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE] = { MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE, MIGRATE_MOVABLE },
>> + [MIGRATE_MOVABLE] = { MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE, MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE },
>> };
>>
>
> And it's completely unclear why it was necessary to rip out the existing
> fallback lists. It reworks how fallback lists work for no clear benefit.
>
>> /*
>> @@ -995,16 +988,15 @@ __rmqueue_fallback(struct zone *zone, int order, int start_migratetype)
>> struct page *page;
>> int migratetype, i;
>>
>> + if (WARN_ON_ONCE(start_migratetype >= MIGRATE_PRIME_TYPES))
>> + start_migratetype = MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE;
>> +
>
> This should be completely unnecessary. If this warning is hit, the
> callers are severely broken.
will be removed.
>
>> /* Find the largest possible block of pages in the other list */
>> for (current_order = MAX_ORDER-1; current_order >= order;
>> --current_order) {
>> - for (i = 0;; i++) {
>> + for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(fallbacks[0]); i++) {
>> migratetype = fallbacks[start_migratetype][i];
>>
>> - /* MIGRATE_RESERVE handled later if necessary */
>> - if (migratetype == MIGRATE_RESERVE)
>> - break;
>> -
>> area = &(zone->free_area[current_order]);
>> if (list_empty(&area->free_list[migratetype]))
>> continue;
>> @@ -1018,17 +1010,10 @@ __rmqueue_fallback(struct zone *zone, int order, int start_migratetype)
>> * pages to the preferred allocation list. If falling
>> * back for a reclaimable kernel allocation, be more
>> * aggressive about taking ownership of free pages
>> - *
>> - * On the other hand, never change migration
>> - * type of MIGRATE_CMA pageblocks nor move CMA
>> - * pages on different free lists. We don't
>> - * want unmovable pages to be allocated from
>> - * MIGRATE_CMA areas.
>> */
>> - if (!is_migrate_cma(migratetype) &&
>> - (unlikely(current_order >= pageblock_order / 2) ||
>> - start_migratetype == MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE ||
>> - page_group_by_mobility_disabled)) {
>> + if (unlikely(current_order >= pageblock_order / 2) ||
>> + start_migratetype == MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE ||
>> + page_group_by_mobility_disabled) {
>> int pages;
>> pages = move_freepages_block(zone, page,
>> start_migratetype);
>> @@ -1047,14 +1032,12 @@ __rmqueue_fallback(struct zone *zone, int order, int start_migratetype)
>> rmv_page_order(page);
>>
>> /* Take ownership for orders >= pageblock_order */
>> - if (current_order >= pageblock_order &&
>> - !is_migrate_cma(migratetype))
>> + if (current_order >= pageblock_order)
>> change_pageblock_range(page, current_order,
>> start_migratetype);
>>
>> expand(zone, page, order, current_order, area,
>> - is_migrate_cma(migratetype)
>> - ? migratetype : start_migratetype);
>> + start_migratetype);
>>
>> trace_mm_page_alloc_extfrag(page, order, current_order,
>> start_migratetype, migratetype);
>> @@ -1075,22 +1058,18 @@ static struct page *__rmqueue(struct zone *zone, unsigned int order,
>> {
>> struct page *page;
>>
>> -retry_reserve:
>> page = __rmqueue_smallest(zone, order, migratetype);
>>
>> - if (unlikely(!page) && migratetype != MIGRATE_RESERVE) {
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_CMA
>> + if (unlikely(!page) && migratetype == MIGRATE_MOVABLE)
>> + page = __rmqueue_smallest(zone, order, MIGRATE_CMA);
>> +#endif
>> +
>> + if (unlikely(!page))
>> page = __rmqueue_fallback(zone, order, migratetype);
>>
>> - /*
>> - * Use MIGRATE_RESERVE rather than fail an allocation. goto
>> - * is used because __rmqueue_smallest is an inline function
>> - * and we want just one call site
>> - */
>> - if (!page) {
>> - migratetype = MIGRATE_RESERVE;
>> - goto retry_reserve;
>> - }
>> - }
>> + if (unlikely(!page))
>> + page = __rmqueue_smallest(zone, order, MIGRATE_RESERVE);
>>
>> trace_mm_page_alloc_zone_locked(page, order, migratetype);
>> return page;
>
> I didn't read this closely. It seems way more complex than necessary to
> solve the problem described in the changelog. All you should need is to
> special case that a __GFP_MOVABLE allocation using MIGRATE_CMA should
> place the unused buddies on the MIGRATE_MOVABLE lists.
>
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