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Date: Wed, 18 Dec 2013 19:41:57 +0000
From: Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>
To: Johannes Weiner <hannes@...xchg.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@...el.com>,
Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>,
Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.cz>, Linux-MM <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>, Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>
Subject: [RFC PATCH 0/6] Configurable fair allocation zone policy v4
This is still a work in progress. I know Johannes is maintaining his own
patch which takes a different approach and has different priorities. Michal
Hocko has raised concerns potentially affecting both. I'm releasing this so
there is a basis of comparison with Johannes' patch. It's not necessarily
the final shape of what we want to merge but the test results highlight
the current behaviour has regressed performance for basic workloads.
A big concern is the semantics and tradeoffs of the tunable are quite
involved. Basically no matter what workload you get right, there will be
a workload that will be wrong. This might indicate that this really needs
to be controlled via memory policies or some means of detecting online
which policy should be used on a per-process basis.
By default, this series does *not* interleave pagecache across nodes but
it will interleave between local zones.
Changelog since V3
o Add documentation
o Bring tunable in line with Johannes
o Common code when deciding to update the batch count and skip zones
Changelog since v2
o Drop an accounting patch, behaviour is deliberate
o Special case tmpfs and shmem pages for discussion
Changelog since v1
o Fix lot of brain damage in the configurable policy patch
o Yoink a page cache annotation patch
o Only account batch pages against allocations eligible for the fair policy
o Add patch that default distributes file pages on remote nodes
Commit 81c0a2bb ("mm: page_alloc: fair zone allocator policy") solved a
bug whereby new pages could be reclaimed before old pages because of how
the page allocator and kswapd interacted on the per-zone LRU lists.
Unfortunately a side-effect missed during review was that it's now very
easy to allocate remote memory on NUMA machines. The problem is that
it is not a simple case of just restoring local allocation policies as
there are genuine reasons why global page aging may be prefereable. It's
still a major change to default behaviour so this patch makes the policy
configurable and sets what I think is a sensible default.
The patches are on top of some NUMA balancing patches currently in -mm.
3.13-rc3 vanilla
instrument-v4 NUMA balancing patches currently in mmotm
configuratble-v4 This series
Benchmarks are just on some basic workloads, the simple stuff we normally
expect to get right.
kernbench
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanilla instrument-v4r1 configurable-v4r13
User min 1417.32 ( 0.00%) 1410.24 ( 0.50%) 1410.78 ( 0.46%)
User mean 1419.10 ( 0.00%) 1416.85 ( 0.16%) 1412.68 ( 0.45%)
User stddev 2.25 ( 0.00%) 4.51 (-100.53%) 1.03 ( 54.04%)
User max 1422.92 ( 0.00%) 1420.94 ( 0.14%) 1413.68 ( 0.65%)
User range 5.60 ( 0.00%) 10.70 (-91.07%) 2.90 ( 48.21%)
System min 114.83 ( 0.00%) 114.40 ( 0.37%) 111.02 ( 3.32%)
System mean 115.89 ( 0.00%) 116.25 ( -0.31%) 111.97 ( 3.38%)
System stddev 0.63 ( 0.00%) 0.95 (-49.62%) 0.72 (-13.87%)
System max 116.81 ( 0.00%) 116.90 ( -0.08%) 113.15 ( 3.13%)
System range 1.98 ( 0.00%) 2.50 (-26.26%) 2.13 ( -7.58%)
Elapsed min 42.90 ( 0.00%) 43.23 ( -0.77%) 43.07 ( -0.40%)
Elapsed mean 43.58 ( 0.00%) 44.09 ( -1.17%) 43.85 ( -0.62%)
Elapsed stddev 0.74 ( 0.00%) 0.53 ( 28.21%) 0.41 ( 44.30%)
Elapsed max 44.52 ( 0.00%) 44.67 ( -0.34%) 44.25 ( 0.61%)
Elapsed range 1.62 ( 0.00%) 1.44 ( 11.11%) 1.18 ( 27.16%)
CPU min 3451.00 ( 0.00%) 3434.00 ( 0.49%) 3440.00 ( 0.32%)
CPU mean 3522.40 ( 0.00%) 3477.20 ( 1.28%) 3476.40 ( 1.31%)
CPU stddev 54.34 ( 0.00%) 50.01 ( 7.98%) 35.54 ( 34.59%)
CPU max 3570.00 ( 0.00%) 3556.00 ( 0.39%) 3542.00 ( 0.78%)
CPU range 119.00 ( 0.00%) 122.00 ( -2.52%) 102.00 ( 14.29%)
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanillainstrument-v4r1configurable-v4r13
User 8540.49 8519.33 8500.40
System 706.31 708.21 682.39
Elapsed 307.58 312.84 308.71
Elapsed time is roughly flat but there is a big reduction in system CPU time. Page
allocation is a smallish component of this workload but the cost of zeroing remote
pages still hurts.
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanillainstrument-v4r1configurable-v4r13
NUMA alloc hit 73783951 73924585 93533721
NUMA alloc miss 20013534 19894773 0
NUMA interleave hit 0 0 0
NUMA alloc local 73783935 73924577 93533714
NUMA page range updates 5933989 5922672 5903323
NUMA huge PMD updates 89 117 184
NUMA PTE updates 5888510 5862885 5809299
NUMA hint faults 2436205 2420282 2384045
NUMA hint local faults 1877025 1814204 2182988
NUMA hint local percent 77 74 91
NUMA pages migrated 457186 480840 198041
AutoNUMA cost 12231 12152 11965
Note that NUMA alloc misses are reduced to 0. This is consistent throughout for all
benchmarks so I will not mention it again.
It is interesting to note the NUMA hinting faults that were local. It's increased
quite a lot by just allocating the memory local.
While the original intent of the patch was to improve caching when the
workload consumes all of memory, it's worth remembering that some workloads
can be kept cache hot on local nodes.
vmr-stream
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanilla instrument-v4r1 configurable-v4r13
Add 5M 3809.80 ( 0.00%) 3803.54 ( -0.16%) 3985.49 ( 4.61%)
Copy 5M 3360.75 ( 0.00%) 3367.38 ( 0.20%) 3473.86 ( 3.37%)
Scale 5M 3160.39 ( 0.00%) 3160.14 ( -0.01%) 3392.39 ( 7.34%)
Triad 5M 3533.04 ( 0.00%) 3529.78 ( -0.09%) 3851.26 ( 9.01%)
Add 7M 3789.82 ( 0.00%) 3796.19 ( 0.17%) 4004.91 ( 5.68%)
Copy 7M 3345.85 ( 0.00%) 3368.66 ( 0.68%) 3478.26 ( 3.96%)
Scale 7M 3176.00 ( 0.00%) 3173.44 ( -0.08%) 3393.89 ( 6.86%)
Triad 7M 3528.85 ( 0.00%) 3531.91 ( 0.09%) 3856.74 ( 9.29%)
Add 8M 3801.60 ( 0.00%) 3774.43 ( -0.71%) 3995.96 ( 5.11%)
Copy 8M 3364.64 ( 0.00%) 3345.99 ( -0.55%) 3478.86 ( 3.39%)
Scale 8M 3169.34 ( 0.00%) 3146.35 ( -0.73%) 3396.65 ( 7.17%)
Triad 8M 3531.38 ( 0.00%) 3509.46 ( -0.62%) 3857.63 ( 9.24%)
Add 10M 3807.95 ( 0.00%) 3808.50 ( 0.01%) 3970.14 ( 4.26%)
Copy 10M 3365.64 ( 0.00%) 3377.66 ( 0.36%) 3473.70 ( 3.21%)
Scale 10M 3172.71 ( 0.00%) 3166.78 ( -0.19%) 3396.09 ( 7.04%)
Triad 10M 3536.15 ( 0.00%) 3534.14 ( -0.06%) 3857.11 ( 9.08%)
Add 14M 3787.56 ( 0.00%) 3805.37 ( 0.47%) 4002.47 ( 5.67%)
Copy 14M 3345.19 ( 0.00%) 3359.46 ( 0.43%) 3484.76 ( 4.17%)
Scale 14M 3154.55 ( 0.00%) 3166.89 ( 0.39%) 3400.32 ( 7.79%)
Triad 14M 3522.09 ( 0.00%) 3534.64 ( 0.36%) 3864.75 ( 9.73%)
Add 17M 3806.34 ( 0.00%) 3796.89 ( -0.25%) 3956.47 ( 3.94%)
Copy 17M 3368.39 ( 0.00%) 3357.90 ( -0.31%) 3469.40 ( 3.00%)
Scale 17M 3169.18 ( 0.00%) 3168.00 ( -0.04%) 3390.47 ( 6.98%)
Triad 17M 3535.05 ( 0.00%) 3529.55 ( -0.16%) 3849.59 ( 8.90%)
Add 21M 3795.31 ( 0.00%) 3788.25 ( -0.19%) 4042.81 ( 6.52%)
Copy 21M 3353.43 ( 0.00%) 3360.22 ( 0.20%) 3486.10 ( 3.96%)
Scale 21M 3160.96 ( 0.00%) 3164.97 ( 0.13%) 3399.16 ( 7.54%)
Triad 21M 3530.45 ( 0.00%) 3519.72 ( -0.30%) 3860.71 ( 9.35%)
Add 28M 3803.11 ( 0.00%) 3788.38 ( -0.39%) 3996.59 ( 5.09%)
Copy 28M 3361.16 ( 0.00%) 3357.71 ( -0.10%) 3477.19 ( 3.45%)
Scale 28M 3160.43 ( 0.00%) 3155.64 ( -0.15%) 3396.09 ( 7.46%)
Triad 28M 3533.66 ( 0.00%) 3522.53 ( -0.32%) 3856.54 ( 9.14%)
Add 35M 3792.86 ( 0.00%) 3803.38 ( 0.28%) 3990.04 ( 5.20%)
Copy 35M 3344.24 ( 0.00%) 3370.46 ( 0.78%) 3476.15 ( 3.94%)
Scale 35M 3160.14 ( 0.00%) 3174.84 ( 0.47%) 3397.43 ( 7.51%)
Triad 35M 3531.94 ( 0.00%) 3534.84 ( 0.08%) 3857.45 ( 9.22%)
Add 42M 3803.39 ( 0.00%) 3790.25 ( -0.35%) 4017.97 ( 5.64%)
Copy 42M 3360.64 ( 0.00%) 3354.22 ( -0.19%) 3481.62 ( 3.60%)
Scale 42M 3158.64 ( 0.00%) 3157.63 ( -0.03%) 3397.54 ( 7.56%)
Triad 42M 3529.99 ( 0.00%) 3523.89 ( -0.17%) 3860.30 ( 9.36%)
Add 56M 3778.07 ( 0.00%) 3808.17 ( 0.80%) 3964.91 ( 4.95%)
Copy 56M 3348.68 ( 0.00%) 3367.71 ( 0.57%) 3470.75 ( 3.65%)
Scale 56M 3169.25 ( 0.00%) 3168.97 ( -0.01%) 3390.06 ( 6.97%)
Triad 56M 3517.62 ( 0.00%) 3537.10 ( 0.55%) 3849.49 ( 9.43%)
Add 71M 3811.71 ( 0.00%) 3814.51 ( 0.07%) 4002.20 ( 5.00%)
Copy 71M 3370.59 ( 0.00%) 3369.28 ( -0.04%) 3482.09 ( 3.31%)
Scale 71M 3168.70 ( 0.00%) 3174.30 ( 0.18%) 3401.24 ( 7.34%)
Triad 71M 3536.14 ( 0.00%) 3538.14 ( 0.06%) 3866.68 ( 9.35%)
Add 85M 3805.94 ( 0.00%) 3794.21 ( -0.31%) 4017.41 ( 5.56%)
Copy 85M 3354.76 ( 0.00%) 3352.10 ( -0.08%) 3481.19 ( 3.77%)
Scale 85M 3162.20 ( 0.00%) 3156.13 ( -0.19%) 3397.90 ( 7.45%)
Triad 85M 3538.76 ( 0.00%) 3529.06 ( -0.27%) 3859.79 ( 9.07%)
Add 113M 3803.66 ( 0.00%) 3797.09 ( -0.17%) 4024.26 ( 5.80%)
Copy 113M 3348.32 ( 0.00%) 3361.90 ( 0.41%) 3482.30 ( 4.00%)
Scale 113M 3177.09 ( 0.00%) 3161.76 ( -0.48%) 3396.35 ( 6.90%)
Triad 113M 3536.06 ( 0.00%) 3527.87 ( -0.23%) 3858.76 ( 9.13%)
Add 142M 3814.65 ( 0.00%) 3800.76 ( -0.36%) 3971.52 ( 4.11%)
Copy 142M 3353.31 ( 0.00%) 3355.70 ( 0.07%) 3476.61 ( 3.68%)
Scale 142M 3186.05 ( 0.00%) 3179.90 ( -0.19%) 3393.11 ( 6.50%)
Triad 142M 3545.41 ( 0.00%) 3537.84 ( -0.21%) 3855.31 ( 8.74%)
Add 170M 3787.71 ( 0.00%) 3793.38 ( 0.15%) 3996.19 ( 5.50%)
Copy 170M 3351.50 ( 0.00%) 3355.90 ( 0.13%) 3479.89 ( 3.83%)
Scale 170M 3158.38 ( 0.00%) 3162.04 ( 0.12%) 3395.01 ( 7.49%)
Triad 170M 3521.84 ( 0.00%) 3524.25 ( 0.07%) 3856.88 ( 9.51%)
Add 227M 3794.46 ( 0.00%) 3727.56 ( -1.76%) 3985.47 ( 5.03%)
Copy 227M 3368.15 ( 0.00%) 3277.24 ( -2.70%) 3471.96 ( 3.08%)
Scale 227M 3160.18 ( 0.00%) 3091.04 ( -2.19%) 3391.20 ( 7.31%)
Triad 227M 3525.39 ( 0.00%) 3494.23 ( -0.88%) 3850.97 ( 9.24%)
Add 284M 3804.29 ( 0.00%) 3810.34 ( 0.16%) 3945.32 ( 3.71%)
Copy 284M 3366.21 ( 0.00%) 3349.90 ( -0.48%) 3464.13 ( 2.91%)
Scale 284M 3174.61 ( 0.00%) 3164.87 ( -0.31%) 3388.84 ( 6.75%)
Triad 284M 3538.50 ( 0.00%) 3541.71 ( 0.09%) 3846.27 ( 8.70%)
Add 341M 3805.26 ( 0.00%) 3803.54 ( -0.05%) 4043.00 ( 6.25%)
Copy 341M 3366.98 ( 0.00%) 3357.66 ( -0.28%) 3485.41 ( 3.52%)
Scale 341M 3159.11 ( 0.00%) 3171.15 ( 0.38%) 3401.61 ( 7.68%)
Triad 341M 3530.80 ( 0.00%) 3536.21 ( 0.15%) 3863.89 ( 9.43%)
Add 455M 3791.15 ( 0.00%) 3781.78 ( -0.25%) 4002.92 ( 5.59%)
Copy 455M 3353.30 ( 0.00%) 3341.88 ( -0.34%) 3477.74 ( 3.71%)
Scale 455M 3161.21 ( 0.00%) 3157.15 ( -0.13%) 3395.44 ( 7.41%)
Triad 455M 3527.90 ( 0.00%) 3522.57 ( -0.15%) 3855.85 ( 9.30%)
Add 568M 3779.79 ( 0.00%) 3794.61 ( 0.39%) 4001.91 ( 5.88%)
Copy 568M 3349.93 ( 0.00%) 3353.04 ( 0.09%) 3483.56 ( 3.99%)
Scale 568M 3163.69 ( 0.00%) 3156.21 ( -0.24%) 3399.73 ( 7.46%)
Triad 568M 3518.65 ( 0.00%) 3524.57 ( 0.17%) 3863.36 ( 9.80%)
Add 682M 3801.06 ( 0.00%) 3786.21 ( -0.39%) 3988.66 ( 4.94%)
Copy 682M 3363.64 ( 0.00%) 3354.10 ( -0.28%) 3478.52 ( 3.42%)
Scale 682M 3151.89 ( 0.00%) 3161.41 ( 0.30%) 3396.46 ( 7.76%)
Triad 682M 3528.97 ( 0.00%) 3526.30 ( -0.08%) 3858.57 ( 9.34%)
Add 910M 3778.97 ( 0.00%) 3783.73 ( 0.13%) 4015.78 ( 6.27%)
Copy 910M 3345.09 ( 0.00%) 3354.44 ( 0.28%) 3481.58 ( 4.08%)
Scale 910M 3164.46 ( 0.00%) 3160.67 ( -0.12%) 3398.66 ( 7.40%)
Triad 910M 3516.19 ( 0.00%) 3525.40 ( 0.26%) 3861.40 ( 9.82%)
Add 1137M 3812.17 ( 0.00%) 3781.70 ( -0.80%) 3992.81 ( 4.74%)
Copy 1137M 3367.52 ( 0.00%) 3343.53 ( -0.71%) 3477.47 ( 3.27%)
Scale 1137M 3158.62 ( 0.00%) 3160.31 ( 0.05%) 3395.51 ( 7.50%)
Triad 1137M 3536.97 ( 0.00%) 3517.86 ( -0.54%) 3815.71 ( 7.88%)
Add 1365M 3806.51 ( 0.00%) 3807.60 ( 0.03%) 3983.99 ( 4.66%)
Copy 1365M 3360.43 ( 0.00%) 3365.77 ( 0.16%) 3470.61 ( 3.28%)
Scale 1365M 3155.95 ( 0.00%) 3160.24 ( 0.14%) 3393.61 ( 7.53%)
Triad 1365M 3534.18 ( 0.00%) 3533.07 ( -0.03%) 3853.01 ( 9.02%)
Add 1820M 3797.86 ( 0.00%) 3804.61 ( 0.18%) 4000.76 ( 5.34%)
Copy 1820M 3362.09 ( 0.00%) 3356.15 ( -0.18%) 3483.01 ( 3.60%)
Scale 1820M 3170.20 ( 0.00%) 3169.60 ( -0.02%) 3403.05 ( 7.34%)
Triad 1820M 3531.00 ( 0.00%) 3538.39 ( 0.21%) 3864.64 ( 9.45%)
Add 2275M 3810.31 ( 0.00%) 3789.25 ( -0.55%) 3995.44 ( 4.86%)
Copy 2275M 3373.60 ( 0.00%) 3359.38 ( -0.42%) 3478.62 ( 3.11%)
Scale 2275M 3174.64 ( 0.00%) 3170.69 ( -0.12%) 3395.45 ( 6.96%)
Triad 2275M 3537.57 ( 0.00%) 3525.99 ( -0.33%) 3855.61 ( 8.99%)
Add 2730M 3801.09 ( 0.00%) 3792.84 ( -0.22%) 3961.20 ( 4.21%)
Copy 2730M 3357.18 ( 0.00%) 3346.35 ( -0.32%) 3457.14 ( 2.98%)
Scale 2730M 3177.66 ( 0.00%) 3172.64 ( -0.16%) 3371.72 ( 6.11%)
Triad 2730M 3539.59 ( 0.00%) 3527.66 ( -0.34%) 3824.14 ( 8.04%)
Add 3640M 3816.88 ( 0.00%) 3789.31 ( -0.72%) 4004.54 ( 4.92%)
Copy 3640M 3375.91 ( 0.00%) 3356.54 ( -0.57%) 3477.94 ( 3.02%)
Scale 3640M 3167.22 ( 0.00%) 3150.31 ( -0.53%) 3394.38 ( 7.17%)
Triad 3640M 3546.45 ( 0.00%) 3524.38 ( -0.62%) 3854.74 ( 8.69%)
Add 4551M 3799.05 ( 0.00%) 3784.66 ( -0.38%) 3974.45 ( 4.62%)
Copy 4551M 3355.66 ( 0.00%) 3351.35 ( -0.13%) 3471.85 ( 3.46%)
Scale 4551M 3171.91 ( 0.00%) 3160.79 ( -0.35%) 3393.06 ( 6.97%)
Triad 4551M 3531.61 ( 0.00%) 3518.76 ( -0.36%) 3855.49 ( 9.17%)
Add 5461M 3801.60 ( 0.00%) 3797.07 ( -0.12%) 3996.19 ( 5.12%)
Copy 5461M 3360.29 ( 0.00%) 3352.70 ( -0.23%) 3479.24 ( 3.54%)
Scale 5461M 3161.18 ( 0.00%) 3162.49 ( 0.04%) 3396.26 ( 7.44%)
Triad 5461M 3532.35 ( 0.00%) 3529.30 ( -0.09%) 3853.59 ( 9.09%)
Add 7281M 3800.80 ( 0.00%) 3790.72 ( -0.27%) 3995.88 ( 5.13%)
Copy 7281M 3359.99 ( 0.00%) 3345.74 ( -0.42%) 3478.84 ( 3.54%)
Scale 7281M 3168.68 ( 0.00%) 3146.70 ( -0.69%) 3395.73 ( 7.17%)
Triad 7281M 3533.59 ( 0.00%) 3520.89 ( -0.36%) 3856.70 ( 9.14%)
Add 9102M 3790.67 ( 0.00%) 3797.54 ( 0.18%) 4002.46 ( 5.59%)
Copy 9102M 3345.80 ( 0.00%) 3348.46 ( 0.08%) 3481.31 ( 4.05%)
Scale 9102M 3174.65 ( 0.00%) 3161.95 ( -0.40%) 3401.10 ( 7.13%)
Triad 9102M 3529.51 ( 0.00%) 3529.58 ( 0.00%) 3864.64 ( 9.49%)
Add 10922M 3807.96 ( 0.00%) 3796.07 ( -0.31%) 3947.40 ( 3.66%)
Copy 10922M 3350.99 ( 0.00%) 3357.85 ( 0.20%) 3434.74 ( 2.50%)
Scale 10922M 3164.74 ( 0.00%) 3157.76 ( -0.22%) 3351.72 ( 5.91%)
Triad 10922M 3536.69 ( 0.00%) 3535.49 ( -0.03%) 3797.59 ( 7.38%)
Add 14563M 3786.28 ( 0.00%) 3809.36 ( 0.61%) 4003.59 ( 5.74%)
Copy 14563M 3352.51 ( 0.00%) 3371.05 ( 0.55%) 3477.73 ( 3.73%)
Scale 14563M 3171.95 ( 0.00%) 3175.20 ( 0.10%) 3394.29 ( 7.01%)
Triad 14563M 3522.50 ( 0.00%) 3542.29 ( 0.56%) 3854.10 ( 9.41%)
Add 18204M 3809.56 ( 0.00%) 3798.86 ( -0.28%) 3966.36 ( 4.12%)
Copy 18204M 3365.06 ( 0.00%) 3351.54 ( -0.40%) 3467.60 ( 3.05%)
Scale 18204M 3171.25 ( 0.00%) 3162.93 ( -0.26%) 3388.46 ( 6.85%)
Triad 18204M 3539.90 ( 0.00%) 3531.01 ( -0.25%) 3848.78 ( 8.73%)
Add 21845M 3798.46 ( 0.00%) 3796.16 ( -0.06%) 4024.09 ( 5.94%)
Copy 21845M 3362.14 ( 0.00%) 3365.10 ( 0.09%) 3481.89 ( 3.56%)
Scale 21845M 3170.99 ( 0.00%) 3152.22 ( -0.59%) 3396.85 ( 7.12%)
Triad 21845M 3534.49 ( 0.00%) 3528.31 ( -0.17%) 3859.74 ( 9.20%)
Add 29127M 3819.69 ( 0.00%) 3794.61 ( -0.66%) 3958.76 ( 3.64%)
Copy 29127M 3384.67 ( 0.00%) 3364.16 ( -0.61%) 3461.19 ( 2.26%)
Scale 29127M 3158.68 ( 0.00%) 3155.56 ( -0.10%) 3377.98 ( 6.94%)
Triad 29127M 3538.17 ( 0.00%) 3525.06 ( -0.37%) 3833.34 ( 8.34%)
Add 36408M 3806.95 ( 0.00%) 3793.50 ( -0.35%) 3980.34 ( 4.55%)
Copy 36408M 3361.11 ( 0.00%) 3359.84 ( -0.04%) 3477.96 ( 3.48%)
Scale 36408M 3165.87 ( 0.00%) 3161.61 ( -0.13%) 3398.84 ( 7.36%)
Triad 36408M 3536.86 ( 0.00%) 3530.39 ( -0.18%) 3862.01 ( 9.19%)
Add 43690M 3799.39 ( 0.00%) 3799.45 ( 0.00%) 4021.62 ( 5.85%)
Copy 43690M 3359.26 ( 0.00%) 3355.00 ( -0.13%) 3481.97 ( 3.65%)
Scale 43690M 3175.35 ( 0.00%) 3167.00 ( -0.26%) 3398.43 ( 7.03%)
Triad 43690M 3535.26 ( 0.00%) 3533.82 ( -0.04%) 3858.45 ( 9.14%)
Add 58254M 3799.66 ( 0.00%) 3788.90 ( -0.28%) 3986.25 ( 4.91%)
Copy 58254M 3355.12 ( 0.00%) 3348.89 ( -0.19%) 3473.90 ( 3.54%)
Scale 58254M 3170.94 ( 0.00%) 3148.96 ( -0.69%) 3392.93 ( 7.00%)
Triad 58254M 3537.26 ( 0.00%) 3519.99 ( -0.49%) 3853.76 ( 8.95%)
Add 72817M 3815.26 ( 0.00%) 3801.86 ( -0.35%) 4011.21 ( 5.14%)
Copy 72817M 3362.18 ( 0.00%) 3363.51 ( 0.04%) 3478.56 ( 3.46%)
Scale 72817M 3175.73 ( 0.00%) 3162.25 ( -0.42%) 3392.44 ( 6.82%)
Triad 72817M 3546.44 ( 0.00%) 3534.43 ( -0.34%) 3851.14 ( 8.59%)
Add 87381M 3519.93 ( 0.00%) 3515.94 ( -0.11%) 3838.55 ( 9.05%)
Copy 87381M 3175.29 ( 0.00%) 3182.78 ( 0.24%) 3262.29 ( 2.74%)
Scale 87381M 2848.76 ( 0.00%) 2836.37 ( -0.43%) 3172.85 ( 11.38%)
Triad 87381M 3465.19 ( 0.00%) 3463.32 ( -0.05%) 3773.55 ( 8.90%)
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanillainstrument-v4r1configurable-v4r13
User 1144.35 1154.47 1086.52
System 55.28 56.98 49.29
E lapsed 1207.64 1220.98 1145.16
This is a memory streaming benchmark. It benefits heavily from using local memory
so there are fairly sizable gains throughout.
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanillainstrument-v4r1configurable-v4r13
NUMA alloc hit 1238820 1341467 2102140
NUMA alloc miss 691541 787339 0
NUMA interleave hit 0 0 0
NUMA alloc local 1238815 1341465 2102133
NUMA page range updates 24916702 24981923 24979446
NUMA huge PMD updates 48025 48138 48138
NUMA PTE updates 375927 383405 380928
NUMA hint faults 373397 380787 378304
NUMA hint local faults 142051 133068 368551
NUMA hint local percent 38 34 97
NUMA pages migrated 83407 105492 12060
AutoNUMA cost 2042 2080 2066
Similarly the NUMA hinting faults were mostly local
pft
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanilla instrument-v4r1 configurable-v4r13
User 1 0.6980 ( 0.00%) 0.6830 ( 2.15%) 0.6830 ( 2.15%)
User 2 0.7040 ( 0.00%) 0.7220 ( -2.56%) 0.7260 ( -3.12%)
User 3 0.6910 ( 0.00%) 0.7200 ( -4.20%) 0.6800 ( 1.59%)
User 4 0.7250 ( 0.00%) 0.7290 ( -0.55%) 0.7370 ( -1.66%)
User 5 0.7590 ( 0.00%) 0.7810 ( -2.90%) 0.7520 ( 0.92%)
User 6 0.8130 ( 0.00%) 0.8130 ( 0.00%) 0.7400 ( 8.98%)
User 7 0.8210 ( 0.00%) 0.7990 ( 2.68%) 0.7960 ( 3.05%)
User 8 0.8390 ( 0.00%) 0.8110 ( 3.34%) 0.8020 ( 4.41%)
System 1 9.1230 ( 0.00%) 9.1630 ( -0.44%) 8.2640 ( 9.42%)
System 2 9.3990 ( 0.00%) 9.3730 ( 0.28%) 8.4570 ( 10.02%)
System 3 9.1460 ( 0.00%) 9.1070 ( 0.43%) 8.6270 ( 5.67%)
System 4 8.9160 ( 0.00%) 8.7960 ( 1.35%) 8.7380 ( 2.00%)
System 5 9.5900 ( 0.00%) 9.5420 ( 0.50%) 8.9600 ( 6.57%)
System 6 9.8640 ( 0.00%) 9.8200 ( 0.45%) 9.2530 ( 6.19%)
System 7 9.9860 ( 0.00%) 9.8140 ( 1.72%) 9.3720 ( 6.15%)
System 8 9.8570 ( 0.00%) 9.8380 ( 0.19%) 9.2860 ( 5.79%)
Elapsed 1 9.8240 ( 0.00%) 9.8500 ( -0.26%) 8.9530 ( 8.87%)
Elapsed 2 5.0870 ( 0.00%) 5.0670 ( 0.39%) 4.6120 ( 9.34%)
Elapsed 3 3.3220 ( 0.00%) 3.3070 ( 0.45%) 3.1320 ( 5.72%)
Elapsed 4 2.4440 ( 0.00%) 2.4080 ( 1.47%) 2.4030 ( 1.68%)
Elapsed 5 2.1500 ( 0.00%) 2.1550 ( -0.23%) 1.9970 ( 7.12%)
Elapsed 6 1.8290 ( 0.00%) 1.8230 ( 0.33%) 1.7040 ( 6.83%)
Elapsed 7 1.5760 ( 0.00%) 1.5470 ( 1.84%) 1.4910 ( 5.39%)
Elapsed 8 1.3660 ( 0.00%) 1.3440 ( 1.61%) 1.2830 ( 6.08%)
Faults/cpu 1 336505.5875 ( 0.00%) 335646.1191 ( -0.26%) 369269.9491 ( 9.74%)
Faults/cpu 2 327139.2186 ( 0.00%) 327337.4309 ( 0.06%) 359879.3760 ( 10.01%)
Faults/cpu 3 336004.1324 ( 0.00%) 336283.8915 ( 0.08%) 355077.6062 ( 5.68%)
Faults/cpu 4 342824.1564 ( 0.00%) 346956.7616 ( 1.21%) 348805.5389 ( 1.74%)
Faults/cpu 5 319553.7707 ( 0.00%) 320266.6891 ( 0.22%) 340232.2510 ( 6.47%)
Faults/cpu 6 309614.5554 ( 0.00%) 310923.0881 ( 0.42%) 330752.5617 ( 6.83%)
Faults/cpu 7 306159.2969 ( 0.00%) 311474.2294 ( 1.74%) 325141.8868 ( 6.20%)
Faults/cpu 8 309077.4966 ( 0.00%) 310491.4673 ( 0.46%) 327802.7845 ( 6.06%)
Faults/sec 1 336364.5575 ( 0.00%) 335493.4899 ( -0.26%) 369125.5968 ( 9.74%)
Faults/sec 2 649713.2290 ( 0.00%) 652201.7336 ( 0.38%) 716621.5272 ( 10.30%)
Faults/sec 3 994812.3119 ( 0.00%) 999330.4234 ( 0.45%) 1055728.0701 ( 6.12%)
Faults/sec 4 1352137.4832 ( 0.00%) 1372667.4485 ( 1.52%) 1375014.2113 ( 1.69%)
Faults/sec 5 1538115.0421 ( 0.00%) 1533647.8496 ( -0.29%) 1654330.8228 ( 7.56%)
Faults/sec 6 1807211.7324 ( 0.00%) 1814037.7599 ( 0.38%) 1940810.7735 ( 7.39%)
Faults/sec 7 2101840.1872 ( 0.00%) 2132966.7624 ( 1.48%) 2220066.9942 ( 5.62%)
Faults/sec 8 2421813.7208 ( 0.00%) 2458797.5104 ( 1.53%) 2580986.1397 ( 6.57%)
This is page fault microbenchmark. Again, heavy gains from having local memory.
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanillainstrument-v4r1configurable-v4r13
User 60.57 61.53 60.20
System 868.16 861.36 809.22
Elapsed 336.19 335.31 315.19
And big reduction in system CPU time.
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanillainstrument-v4r1configurable-v4r13
NUMA alloc hit 187243902 187334720 264999707
NUMA alloc miss 77736695 77665156 0
NUMA interleave hit 0 0 0
NUMA alloc local 187243902 187334720 264999706
NUMA page range updates 136246380 134086920 124386461
NUMA huge PMD updates 0 0 0
NUMA PTE updates 136246380 134086920 124386461
NUMA hint faults 512 804 524
NUMA hint local faults 248 339 349
NUMA hint local percent 48 42 66
NUMA pages migrated 169 53 115
AutoNUMA cost 956 942 873
NUMA hinting faults were not as local as I'd hope but it's a separate issue.
ebizzy
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanilla instrument-v4r1 configurable-v4r13
Mean 1 3213.33 ( 0.00%) 3170.67 ( -1.33%) 3215.33 ( 0.06%)
Mean 2 2291.33 ( 0.00%) 2310.00 ( 0.81%) 2364.00 ( 3.17%)
Mean 3 2234.67 ( 0.00%) 2300.33 ( 2.94%) 2289.00 ( 2.43%)
Mean 4 2224.33 ( 0.00%) 2237.00 ( 0.57%) 2238.00 ( 0.61%)
Mean 5 2256.33 ( 0.00%) 2249.00 ( -0.33%) 2319.67 ( 2.81%)
Mean 6 2233.00 ( 0.00%) 2253.67 ( 0.93%) 2228.67 ( -0.19%)
Mean 7 2212.33 ( 0.00%) 2258.33 ( 2.08%) 2237.00 ( 1.11%)
Mean 8 2224.67 ( 0.00%) 2232.33 ( 0.34%) 2235.33 ( 0.48%)
Mean 12 2213.33 ( 0.00%) 2223.33 ( 0.45%) 2230.00 ( 0.75%)
Mean 16 2221.00 ( 0.00%) 2247.67 ( 1.20%) 2237.00 ( 0.72%)
Mean 20 2215.00 ( 0.00%) 2247.33 ( 1.46%) 2244.33 ( 1.32%)
Mean 24 2175.00 ( 0.00%) 2181.00 ( 0.28%) 2225.00 ( 2.30%)
Mean 28 2110.00 ( 0.00%) 2156.67 ( 2.21%) 2140.33 ( 1.44%)
Mean 32 2077.67 ( 0.00%) 2081.33 ( 0.18%) 2092.33 ( 0.71%)
Mean 36 2016.33 ( 0.00%) 2042.67 ( 1.31%) 2086.33 ( 3.47%)
Mean 40 1984.00 ( 0.00%) 1988.00 ( 0.20%) 2032.67 ( 2.45%)
Mean 44 1943.33 ( 0.00%) 1960.00 ( 0.86%) 1993.33 ( 2.57%)
Mean 48 1925.00 ( 0.00%) 1935.00 ( 0.52%) 1990.67 ( 3.41%)
Range 1 62.00 ( 0.00%) 74.00 (-19.35%) 59.00 ( 4.84%)
Range 2 70.00 ( 0.00%) 32.00 ( 54.29%) 146.00 (-108.57%)
Range 3 39.00 ( 0.00%) 48.00 (-23.08%) 70.00 (-79.49%)
Range 4 100.00 ( 0.00%) 127.00 (-27.00%) 74.00 ( 26.00%)
Range 5 65.00 ( 0.00%) 52.00 ( 20.00%) 100.00 (-53.85%)
Range 6 25.00 ( 0.00%) 17.00 ( 32.00%) 81.00 (-224.00%)
Range 7 55.00 ( 0.00%) 19.00 ( 65.45%) 44.00 ( 20.00%)
Range 8 9.00 ( 0.00%) 43.00 (-377.78%) 15.00 (-66.67%)
Range 12 52.00 ( 0.00%) 10.00 ( 80.77%) 22.00 ( 57.69%)
Range 16 47.00 ( 0.00%) 55.00 (-17.02%) 28.00 ( 40.43%)
Range 20 9.00 ( 0.00%) 68.00 (-655.56%) 27.00 (-200.00%)
Range 24 44.00 ( 0.00%) 81.00 (-84.09%) 54.00 (-22.73%)
Range 28 28.00 ( 0.00%) 46.00 (-64.29%) 80.00 (-185.71%)
Range 32 23.00 ( 0.00%) 22.00 ( 4.35%) 11.00 ( 52.17%)
Range 36 9.00 ( 0.00%) 20.00 (-122.22%) 75.00 (-733.33%)
Range 40 31.00 ( 0.00%) 5.00 ( 83.87%) 10.00 ( 67.74%)
Range 44 16.00 ( 0.00%) 15.00 ( 6.25%) 18.00 (-12.50%)
Range 48 7.00 ( 0.00%) 18.00 (-157.14%) 16.00 (-128.57%)
Stddev 1 25.42 ( 0.00%) 30.83 (-21.26%) 24.50 ( 3.62%)
Stddev 2 29.68 ( 0.00%) 13.37 ( 54.96%) 61.26 (-106.40%)
Stddev 3 18.15 ( 0.00%) 19.87 ( -9.46%) 28.89 (-59.14%)
Stddev 4 41.28 ( 0.00%) 55.76 (-35.06%) 34.65 ( 16.06%)
Stddev 5 27.18 ( 0.00%) 21.65 ( 20.36%) 44.03 (-61.99%)
Stddev 6 10.80 ( 0.00%) 7.04 ( 34.83%) 37.28 (-245.12%)
Stddev 7 23.10 ( 0.00%) 8.73 ( 62.20%) 18.02 ( 21.99%)
Stddev 8 3.68 ( 0.00%) 19.60 (-432.39%) 6.13 (-66.45%)
Stddev 12 23.84 ( 0.00%) 4.19 ( 82.42%) 9.93 ( 58.33%)
Stddev 16 20.22 ( 0.00%) 23.47 (-16.10%) 11.52 ( 43.02%)
Stddev 20 3.74 ( 0.00%) 27.86 (-644.61%) 11.15 (-197.88%)
Stddev 24 18.18 ( 0.00%) 35.19 (-93.49%) 22.23 (-22.23%)
Stddev 28 11.78 ( 0.00%) 20.81 (-76.69%) 32.66 (-177.38%)
Stddev 32 9.74 ( 0.00%) 9.74 ( 0.00%) 4.64 ( 52.34%)
Stddev 36 3.86 ( 0.00%) 8.99 (-133.08%) 33.83 (-776.65%)
Stddev 40 14.17 ( 0.00%) 2.16 ( 84.75%) 4.19 ( 70.42%)
Stddev 44 7.54 ( 0.00%) 7.07 ( 6.25%) 8.26 ( -9.51%)
Stddev 48 2.94 ( 0.00%) 7.48 (-154.20%) 6.94 (-135.88%)
Performance is only slightly improved here, it's doing a lot of remote copies
anyway as a side-effect of the type of workload it is. There is high spread
on the performance of individual threads but that bug is known and being handled
elsewhere.
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanillainstrument-v4r1configurable-v4r13
User 491.24 494.38 500.23
System 874.62 874.43 870.83
Elapsed 1082.00 1082.29 1082.14
3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3 3.13.0-rc3
vanillainstrument-v4r1configurable-v4r13
NUMA alloc hit 238904205 238016877 315741530
NUMA alloc miss 71969773 75135651 0
NUMA interleave hit 0 0 0
NUMA alloc local 238904198 238016873 315741524
NUMA page range updates 157577 171845 163950
NUMA huge PMD updates 33 38 17
NUMA PTE updates 140714 152427 155263
NUMA hint faults 39395 60301 56019
NUMA hint local faults 17294 30974 33723
NUMA hint local percent 43 51 60
NUMA pages migrated 7183 8818 11221
AutoNUMA cost 198 302 281
Local hinting is not great again but the workload is doing a lot of remote
references so it's somewhat expected.
Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt | 51 +++++++++++++
include/linux/gfp.h | 4 +-
include/linux/mmzone.h | 2 +
include/linux/pagemap.h | 2 +-
include/linux/swap.h | 1 +
kernel/sysctl.c | 8 ++
mm/filemap.c | 3 +-
mm/page_alloc.c | 182 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
mm/shmem.c | 14 ++++
9 files changed, 239 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)
--
1.8.4
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