Date:	Tue, 4 Feb 2014 12:08:02 +0000
From:	Liviu Dudau <Liviu.Dudau@....com>
To:	Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...db.de>
Cc:	linux-pci <linux-pci@...r.kernel.org>,
	Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@...gle.com>,
	Catalin Marinas <Catalin.Marinas@....com>,
	Will Deacon <Will.Deacon@....com>,
	LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	"devicetree@...r.kernel.org" <devicetree@...r.kernel.org>,
	LAKML <linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org>,
	linaro-kernel <linaro-kernel@...ts.linaro.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] pci: Add support for creating a generic host_bridge from
 device tree

On Tue, Feb 04, 2014 at 10:09:44AM +0000, Arnd Bergmann wrote:
> On Monday 03 February 2014 22:17:44 Liviu Dudau wrote:
> > On Mon, Feb 03, 2014 at 07:31:31PM +0000, Arnd Bergmann wrote:
> > > Let's try to come up with nomenclature so we can talk about this better
> > >
> > > The ioport_resource is in "logical I/O space", which is a Linux fiction,
> > > it goes from 0 to IO_SPACE_LIMIT (2MB on ARM) and is mapped into "virtual
> > > I/O space", which start at (void __iomem *)PCI_IO_VIRT_BASE.
> > >
> > > Each PCI domain can have its own "bus I/O aperture", which is typically
> > > between 0x1000 and 0xffff and reflects the address that is used in PCI
> > > transactions and in BARs.
> > 
> > Actually, the bus I/O aperture can start from 0x0000 if you are talking about
> > PCI bus addresses.
> 
> Right.
> 
> > > The aperture here reflects the subset of the
> > > 4GB bus I/O space that is actually mapped into a CPU visible "physical
> > > I/O aperture" using an inbound mapping of the host bridge. The physical
> > > I/O aperture in turn gets mapped to the virtual I/O space using
> > > pci_ioremap_io.
> > 
> > Agree.
> > 
> > > The difference between a bus I/O address and a logical
> > > I/O address is stored in the io_offset.
> > 
> > Not exactly. If that would be true that means that for an I/O range that
> > start at bus I/O address zero but physical I/O apperture starts at
> > 0x40000000 the io_offset is zero. For me, the io_offset should be 0x40000000.
> 
> That's not how we do it on any of the existing host controllers.
> Typically the io_offset is zero for the first one, and may be
> either zero for all the others (meaning BARs get > 64KB values
> for secondary buses) or between 64KB and 2MB (meaning each bus
> starts at I/O port number 0).

In that case it is probably worth to rename my variable into phys_io_offset.

I need to go back over my driver code. My assumptions were probably wrong
wrt to meaning of the io_offset.

> 
> > Let me see if I can summarise this correctly, using only CPU addresses:
> > 
> > 0x0000 - IO_SPACE_LIMIT           <-  logical I/O address
> > 0xPPPPPPPP - 0xPPPPPPPP+IO_SIZE   <-  physical address for PCI I/O space
> > 0xVVVVVVVV - 0xVVVVVVVV+IO_SPACE_LIMIT <- virtual address for I/O
> > 
> > The io_offset then is 0xPPPPPPPP - logical I/O address. At least that is
> > the intent of the io_offset variable that I introduced in pci_host_bridge.
> 
> That is highly confusing then, because we already have something called
> io_offset with a different meaning. I would call 0xPPPPPPPP the io_phys_base
> if I had to come up with a variable name for it.
> 
> > The bus I/O address is generated by the host bridge, I think we can ignore
> > it here as it tends to confuse the message.
> 
> No, it's important because the PCI core code has to transform between
> bus I/O address and logical I/O address when accessing the BARs.
> 
> > > So much for basic definitions. When a device driver calls pci_request_region,
> > > the port number it sees is the bus I/O port number adjusted using the
> > > io_offset to turn it into a logical I/O port number, which should
> > > always be within the host bridge window, which in turn is a subset
> > > of the ioport_resource.
> > 
> > My understanding is that device drivers all user port numbers that are logical
> > I/O numbers, so no io_offset needs to be applied here. It is only when one
> > wants to access the port, that the translation happens. First, inb or outb
> > will add the PCI_IO_VIRT_BASE to generate the virtual address, the MMU will
> > then convert that address to physical address and the host bridge will
> > then translate the physical address into bus address.
> 
> This is correct. The bus I/O number is not visible to the device driver,
> but it is what you put into the 'ranges' property in DT, and it gets
> used during PCI resource scanning.
> 
> 
> > > > And that is why the code in probe.c has been added to deal with that. It is
> > > > too early to do the adjustments here as all we have is the list of resources
> > > > and that might get culled by the architecture fixup code. Remembering the
> > > > io_offset will happen once the pci_host_bridge gets created, and the resources
> > > > are then adjusted.
> > >
> > > So you want to register an incorrect I/O resource first and then
> > > have it fixed up later, rather than registering the correct
> > > one from the start as everyone else?
> > 
> > The incorrect I/O resource is added to a temporary list of resources, it has not
> > been attached yet to the list of windows in the bridge. What gets added is the
> > I/O resource as described if it would be an ordinary resource.
> 
> I'm not completely sure I'm following here, but let's work out the
> other things first, this will probably get clearer then.
> 
> > > > > > diff --git a/drivers/pci/probe.c b/drivers/pci/probe.c
> > > > > > index 6e34498..16febae 100644
> > > > > > --- a/drivers/pci/probe.c
> > > > > > +++ b/drivers/pci/probe.c
> > > > > > @@ -1787,6 +1787,17 @@ struct pci_bus *pci_create_root_bus(struct device *parent, int bus,
> > > > > >     list_for_each_entry_safe(window, n, resources, list) {
> > > > > >             list_move_tail(&window->list, &bridge->windows);
> > > > > >             res = window->res;
> > > > > > +           /*
> > > > > > +            * IO resources are stored in the kernel with a CPU start
> > > > > > +            * address of zero. Adjust the data accordingly and remember
> > > > > > +            * the offset
> > > > > > +            */
> > > > > > +           if (resource_type(res) == IORESOURCE_IO) {
> > > > > > +                   bridge->io_offset = res->start;
> > > > > > +                   res->end -= res->start;
> > > > > > +                   window->offset -= res->start;
> > > > > > +                   res->start = 0;
> > > > > > +           }
> > 
> > Here, we correct for the fact that IORESOURCE_IO is not a normal resource, because Linux wants
> > a logical I/O as start and end address, not the physical CPU address. We adjust to that and
> > remember the offset.
> 
> But the offset (phys_base) doesn't actually matter to the PCI core or
> the driver. Why save it?

Because I need it later for the host bridge ATR setup.

> 
> > > > > >             offset = window->offset;
> > > > > >             if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_BUS)
> > > > >
> > > > > Won't this break all existing host bridges?
> > > >
> > > > I am not sure. I believe not, due to what I've explained earlier, but you might be right.
> > > >
> > > > The adjustment happens before the resource is added to the host bridge windows and translates
> > > > it from MMIO range into IO range.
> > >
> > > AFAICT, the resource_type of the resource you register above should be
> > > IORESOURCE_MEM, so you are not actually matching it here.
> > 
> > No, all resources are added here. For IORESOURCE_IO we do an adjustment.
> 
> But there should never be an IORESOURCE_IO resource structure that is
> not in IO space, i.e. within ioport_resource. Doing an "adjustment"
> is not an operation defined on this structure. What I meant above is that
> the pci range parser gets this right and gives you a resource that looks
> like { .flags = IORESOURCE_MEM, .start = phys_base, .end = phys_base +
> size - 1}, while the resource we want to register is { .flags = IORESOURCE_IO,
> .start = log_base, .end = log_base + size -1}. In the of_pci_range struct for
> the I/O space, the "pci_space" is IORESOURCE_IO (for the pci_addr), while the
> "flags" are IORESOURCE_MEM, to go along with the cpu_addr.

The pci range parser gives me a range with .flags = IORESOURCE_IO for IO space. It
does not convert it to IORESOURCE_MEM. Hence the need for adjustment.

Best regards,
Liviu

> 
> 	Arnd
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> 

-- 
====================
| I would like to |
| fix the world,  |
| but they're not |
| giving me the   |
 \ source code!  /
  ---------------
    ¯\_(ツ)_/¯

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