Date:	Tue, 29 Apr 2014 11:53:40 +0200
From:	"Michael Kerrisk (man-pages)" <mtk.manpages@...il.com>
To:	NeilBrown <neilb@...e.de>
CC:	mtk.manpages@...il.com,
	"Stefan (metze) Metzmacher" <metze@...ba.org>,
	Jeff Layton <jlayton@...hat.com>,
	"linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org>,
	lkml <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Ganesha NFS List <nfs-ganesha-devel@...ts.sourceforge.net>,
	Suresh Jayaraman <sjayaraman@...e.de>,
	Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@....uio.no>,
	Christoph Hellwig <hch@...radead.org>,
	linux-nfs <linux-nfs@...r.kernel.org>,
	"J. Bruce Fields" <bfields@...ldses.org>
Subject: Re: flock() and NFS [Was: Re: [PATCH] locks: rename file-private
 locks to file-description locks]

On 04/29/2014 11:24 AM, NeilBrown wrote:
> On Tue, 29 Apr 2014 11:07:16 +0200 "Michael Kerrisk (man-pages)"
> <mtk.manpages@...il.com> wrote:
> 
>> On 04/27/2014 11:28 PM, NeilBrown wrote:
>>> On Sun, 27 Apr 2014 13:11:33 +0200 "Michael Kerrisk (man-pages)"
>>> <mtk.manpages@...il.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>> On Sun, Apr 27, 2014 at 12:04 PM, NeilBrown <neilb@...e.de> wrote:
>>>>> On Sun, 27 Apr 2014 11:16:02 +0200 "Michael Kerrisk (man-pages)"
>>>>> <mtk.manpages@...il.com> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>> [Trimming some folk from CC, and adding various NFS people]
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On 04/27/2014 06:51 AM, NeilBrown wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> [...]
>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Note to Michael: The text
>>>>>>>    flock() does not lock files over NFS.
>>>>>>> in flock(2) is no longer accurate.  The reality is ... complex.
>>>>>>> See nfs(5), and search for "local_lock".
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Ahhh -- I see:
>>>>>> http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=5eebde23223aeb0ad2d9e3be6590ff8bbfab0fc2
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Thanks for the heads up.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Just in general, it would be great if the flock(2) and fcntl(2) man pages
>>>>>> contained correct details for NFS, of course. So, for example, if there
>>>>>> are any current gotchas for NFS and fcntl() byte-range locking, I'd like
>>>>>> to add those to the fcntl(2) man page.
>>>>>
>>>>> The only peculiarities I can think of are:
>>>>>  - With NFS, locking or unlocking a region forces a flush of any cached data
>>>>>    for that file (or maybe for the region of the file).  I'm not sure if this
>>>>>    is worth mentioning.
>>>>
>>>> I agree that it's probably not necessary to mention.
>>>>
>>>>>  - With NFSv4 the client can lose a lock if it is out of contact with the
>>>>>    server for a period of time.  When this happens, any IO to the file by a
>>>>>    process which "thinks" it holds a lock will fail until that process closes
>>>>>    and re-opens the file.
>>>>>    This behaviour is since 3.12.  Prior to that the client might lose and
>>>>>    regain the lock without ever knowing thus potentially risking corruption
>>>>>    (but only if client and server lost contact for an extended period).
>>>>
>>>> Do you have a pointer for that commit to 3.12?
>>>>
>>>
>>> http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=ef1820f9be27b6ad158f433ab38002ab8131db4d
>>>
>>> did most of the work while  the subsequent commit
>>>
>>> http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=f6de7a39c181dfb8a2c534661a53c73afb3081cd
>>>
>>> changed some details, added some documentation, and inverted the default
>>> behaviour.
>>
>> Thanks for that detail. What do you think of the following text for the 
>> fcntl(2) man page:
>>
>>        Before  Linux 3.12, if an NFS client is out of contact with the
>>        server for a period of time, it might lose and  regain  a  lock
>>        without  ever  being  aware  of the fact.  This scenario poten‐
>>        tially risks  data  corruption,  since  another  process  might
>>        acquire  a lock in the intervening period and perform file I/O.
>>        Since Linux 3.12, if the client loses contact with the  server,
>>        any I/O to the file by a process which "thinks" it holds a lock
>>        will fail until that process closes and reopens  the  file.   A
>>        kernel  parameter,  nfs.recover_lost_locks,  can be set to 1 to
>>        obtain the pre-3.12 behavior, whereby the client  will  attempt
>>        to  recover  lost  locks when contact is reestablished with the
>>        server.  Because of the attendant risk of data corruption, this
>>        parameter defaults to 0 (disabled).
>>
> 
> Mostly good.
> 
> I'm just a little concerned about "if the client loses contact with the
> server" in the middle there.  It is no longer qualified and it isn't clear
> that the "for a period of time" qualification still applied.  And we should
> probably quantify the period of time - which defaults to 90 seconds.
> I don't remember just now the difference between
>    /proc/fs/nfsd/nfsv4{lease,grace}time
> but this 90 seconds is one of those.
> 
> Also this is NFSv4 specific.  With NFSv3 the failure mode is the reverse.  If
> the server loses contact with a client then any lock stays in place
> indefinitely ("why can't I read my mail"... I remember it well).
> 
>   Before Linux 3.12, if an NFSv4 client loses contact with the server
>   (defined as more than 90 seconds with no communication), it might lose
>   and regain ....

Thanks, Neil. Changed as you suggest. I'd quite like to mention
which of /proc/fs/nfsd/nfsv4{lease,grace}time is relevant here. I had a 
quick scan, but could not determine it with complete confidence. My suspicion, 
looking at fs/lockd/svcproc.c and fs/lockd/grace.c::locks_in_grace()
is that it is /proc/fs/nfsd/nfsv4gracetime that is relevant here. Can anyone
confirm?

Cheers,

Michael


-- 
Michael Kerrisk
Linux man-pages maintainer; http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/
Linux/UNIX System Programming Training: http://man7.org/training/
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