linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v2] introduce atomic_pointer to fix a race condition in cancelable mcs spinlocks

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Date:	Mon, 2 Jun 2014 14:02:27 -0700
From:	"Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>
To:	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>
Cc:	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
	Waiman Long <waiman.long@...com>,
	Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@...hat.com>,
	"James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@...isc-linux.org>,
	Helge Deller <deller@....de>,
	John David Anglin <dave.anglin@...l.net>,
	Parisc List <linux-parisc@...r.kernel.org>,
	Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	"Vinod, Chegu" <chegu_vinod@...com>,
	Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
	Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@...com>,
	Peter Anvin <hpa@...or.com>, Andi Kleen <andi@...stfloor.org>,
	"Chandramouleeswaran, Aswin" <aswin@...com>,
	"Norton, Scott J" <scott.norton@...com>,
	Jason Low <jason.low2@...com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] introduce atomic_pointer to fix a race condition in
 cancelable mcs spinlocks

On Mon, Jun 02, 2014 at 01:22:10PM -0700, Linus Torvalds wrote:
> On Mon, Jun 2, 2014 at 1:05 PM, Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org> wrote:
> >
> > So the question is, do you prefer subtly broken code or hard compile
> > fails? Me, I go for the compile fail.
> 
> The thing is, parisc has a perfectly fine "cmpxchg" implementation in
> practice, and ACCESS_ONCE() and friends work fine too for reading.
> 
> What the "use a spinlock" approach cannot generally do is:
> 
>  - ACCESS_ONCE() to _write_ things doesn't work well. You really
> should use "atomic_set()".
> 
>  - you may not necessarily be able to mix partial updates (ie
> differently sized updates to the same thing) depending on just how the
> spinlock hashing works
> 
> but both of those are really rare issues and don't affect normal code.
> 
> I would not necessarily be opposed to splitting up ACCESS_ONCE() for
> reading and for writing, and maybe we could do something special for
> the writing path (which tends to be less ctitical). It's really mixing
> "ACCESS_ONCE(x)" to _set_ a value, together with atomic ops to update
> it, that ends up being problematic.

Knowing what I know now about how ACCESS_ONCE() is used, I would have
split it for reading and writing to begin with.  Where is that time
machine when you need it?  ;-)

> Maybe there are other issues I can't think of right now. But
> basically, parisc _can_ do cmpxchg, it's just that the code needs to
> be somewhat sanitized.
> 
> Side note: some of the RCU code uses "ACCESS_ONCE()" for
> read-modify-write code, which is just f*cking crazy. The semantics are
> dubious, and it generally makes gcc create bad code too.

A couple of the places are admittedly overkill, for example the pair of:

	ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->n_force_qs_lh)++;

which is just for debug statistics in any case.  I could put these back
to "rsp->n_force_qs_lh++;" without problems, if desired.  (Yeah, I know,
I am overly paranoid.)

However, these cases need a bit more care:

	ACCESS_ONCE(rdp->qlen)++;
	ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->n_barrier_done)++;
	ACCESS_ONCE(sync_rcu_preempt_exp_count)++;

In the ->qlen case, interrupts are disabled and the current CPU is
the only one who can write, so the read need not be volatile.  In the
->n_barrier_done, modifications are done holding ->barrier_mutex, so again
the read need not be volatile.  In the sync_rcu_preempt_exp_count case,
modifications are done holding sync_rcu_preempt_exp_mutex, so once again,
the read need not be volatile.  So I could do something like:

	ACCESS_ONCE(rdp->qlen) = rdp->qlen + 1;

But that still makes gcc generate bad code.

The reason I was not all that worried about this is that these are not
in fastpaths, and the last two are especially not in fastpaths.

Suggestions?

							Thanx, Paul

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