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Date: Fri, 27 Mar 2015 09:54:13 +0000
From: Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>
To: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@...el.com>,
LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>, LKP ML <lkp@...org>,
linux-mm@...ck.org
Subject: [PATCH] mm: Move zone lock to a different cache line than order-0
free page lists
Huang Ying reported the following problem due to commit 3484b2de9499
("mm: rearrange zone fields into read-only, page alloc, statistics and
page reclaim lines") from the Intel performance tests
24b7e5819ad5cbef 3484b2de9499df23c4604a513b
---------------- --------------------------
%stddev %change %stddev
\ | \
152288 \261 0% -46.2% 81911 \261 0% aim7.jobs-per-min
237 \261 0% +85.6% 440 \261 0% aim7.time.elapsed_time
237 \261 0% +85.6% 440 \261 0% aim7.time.elapsed_time.max
25026 \261 0% +70.7% 42712 \261 0% aim7.time.system_time
2186645 \261 5% +32.0% 2885949 \261 4% aim7.time.voluntary_context_switches
4576561 \261 1% +24.9% 5715773 \261 0% aim7.time.involuntary_context_switches
The problem is specific to very large machines under stress. It was not
reproducible with the machines I had used to justify the original patch
because large numbers of CPUs are required. When pressure is high enough,
the cache line is bouncing between CPUs trying to acquire the lock and
the holder of the lock adjusting free lists. The intention was that the
acquirer of the lock would automatically have the cache line holding the
free lists but according to Huang, this is not a universal win.
One possibility is to move the zone lock to its own cache line but it
increases the size of the zone. This patch moves the lock to the other
end of the free lists where they do not contend under high pressure. It
does mean the page allocator paths now require more cache lines but Huang
reports that it restores performance to previous levels on large machines
%stddev %change %stddev
\ | \
84568 \261 1% +94.3% 164280 \261 1% aim7.jobs-per-min
2881944 \261 2% -35.1% 1870386 \261 8% aim7.time.voluntary_context_switches
681 \261 1% -3.4% 658 \261 0% aim7.time.user_time
5538139 \261 0% -12.1% 4867884 \261 0% aim7.time.involuntary_context_switches
44174 \261 1% -46.0% 23848 \261 1% aim7.time.system_time
426 \261 1% -48.4% 219 \261 1% aim7.time.elapsed_time
426 \261 1% -48.4% 219 \261 1% aim7.time.elapsed_time.max
468 \261 1% -43.1% 266 \261 2% uptime.boot
Reported-and-tested-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@...el.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>
---
include/linux/mmzone.h | 7 +++----
1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
index f279d9c158cd..2782df47101e 100644
--- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
+++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
@@ -474,16 +474,15 @@ struct zone {
unsigned long wait_table_bits;
ZONE_PADDING(_pad1_)
-
- /* Write-intensive fields used from the page allocator */
- spinlock_t lock;
-
/* free areas of different sizes */
struct free_area free_area[MAX_ORDER];
/* zone flags, see below */
unsigned long flags;
+ /* Write-intensive fields used from the page allocator */
+ spinlock_t lock;
+
ZONE_PADDING(_pad2_)
/* Write-intensive fields used by page reclaim */
--
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