linux-kernel - [PATCH 31/32] staging: comedi: das08: clarify sign-magnitude conversion

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Date:	Fri,  5 Jun 2015 18:30:34 +0100
From:	Ian Abbott <abbotti@....co.uk>
To:	<driverdev-devel@...uxdriverproject.org>
Cc:	Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>,
	Ian Abbott <abbotti@....co.uk>,
	H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@...ionengravers.com>,
	<linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: [PATCH 31/32] staging: comedi: das08: clarify sign-magnitude conversion

For DAS08/JR/16 and DAS08/JR/AO-16 boards, the 16-bit analog input
readings are assumed to be in a sign-magnitude format and need
converting to the COMEDI unsigned sample format.  The expressions to do
the conversion look a little messy.  Use a local variable `magnitude` to
make it easier to follow.

Also, there seems to be some discrepancy between the manual for these
boards and the COMEDI code.  The manual implies that 0 is full-scale
negative and 65535 is full-scale positive.  However, the COMEDI code has
used the sign-magnitude conversion for these boards since these two
boards were initially supported by a patch from an external contributor
to the COMEDI project back in 2001.  Assume the code is correct for now,
but add a comment to mention the discrepancy.

Signed-off-by: Ian Abbott <abbotti@....co.uk>
---
 drivers/staging/comedi/drivers/das08.c | 21 ++++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/staging/comedi/drivers/das08.c b/drivers/staging/comedi/drivers/das08.c
index f74c4b0..6c9bd10 100644
--- a/drivers/staging/comedi/drivers/das08.c
+++ b/drivers/staging/comedi/drivers/das08.c
@@ -228,11 +228,26 @@ static int das08_ai_insn_read(struct comedi_device *dev,
 		} else if (thisboard->ai_encoding == das08_pcm_encode12) {
 			data[n] = (msb << 8) + lsb;
 		} else if (thisboard->ai_encoding == das08_encode16) {
-			/* FPOS 16-bit boards are sign-magnitude */
+			/*
+			 * "JR" 16-bit boards are sign-magnitude.
+			 *
+			 * XXX The manual seems to imply that 0 is full-scale
+			 * negative and 65535 is full-scale positive, but the
+			 * original COMEDI patch to add support for the
+			 * DAS08/JR/16 and DAS08/JR/16-AO boards have it
+			 * encoded as sign-magnitude.  Assume the original
+			 * COMEDI code is correct for now.
+			 */
+			unsigned int magnitude = lsb | ((msb & 0x7f) << 8);
+
+			/*
+			 * MSB bit 7 is 0 for negative, 1 for positive voltage.
+			 * COMEDI 16-bit bipolar data value for 0V is 0x8000.
+			 */
 			if (msb & 0x80)
-				data[n] = (1 << 15) | lsb | ((msb & 0x7f) << 8);
+				data[n] = (1 << 15) + magnitude;
 			else
-				data[n] = (1 << 15) - (lsb | (msb & 0x7f) << 8);
+				data[n] = (1 << 15) - magnitude;
 		} else {
 			dev_err(dev->class_dev, "bug! unknown ai encoding\n");
 			return -1;
-- 
2.1.4

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