linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH 6/6] cpufreq: schedutil: New governor based on scheduler utilization data

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Date:	Thu, 10 Mar 2016 11:30:34 +0700
From:	Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@....com>
To:	"Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@...nel.org>
Cc:	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
	"Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@...ysocki.net>,
	Steve Muckle <steve.muckle@...aro.org>,
	Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>,
	Linux PM list <linux-pm@...r.kernel.org>,
	ACPI Devel Maling List <linux-acpi@...r.kernel.org>,
	Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@...ux.intel.com>,
	Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@...aro.org>,
	Michael Turquette <mturquette@...libre.com>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 6/6] cpufreq: schedutil: New governor based on scheduler
 utilization data

On 10/03/16 00:41, Rafael J. Wysocki wrote:
> On Wed, Mar 9, 2016 at 11:15 AM, Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@....com> wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > sorry if I didn't reply yet. Trying to cope with jetlag and
> > talks/meetings these days :-). Let me see if I'm getting what you are
> > discussing, though.
> >
> > On 08/03/16 21:05, Rafael J. Wysocki wrote:
> >> On Tue, Mar 8, 2016 at 8:26 PM, Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org> wrote:
> >> > On Tue, Mar 08, 2016 at 07:00:57PM +0100, Rafael J. Wysocki wrote:
> >> >> On Tue, Mar 8, 2016 at 12:27 PM, Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org> wrote:
> >
> > [...]
> >
> >> a = max_freq gives next_freq = max_freq for x = 1, but with that
> >> choice of a you may never get to x = 1 with frequency invariant
> >> because of the feedback effect mentioned above, so the 1/n produces
> >> the extra boost needed for that (n is a positive integer).
> >>
> >> Quite frankly, to me it looks like linear really is a better
> >> approximation for "raw" utilization.  That is, for frequency invariant
> >> x we should take:
> >>
> >>   next_freq = a * x * max_freq / current_freq
> >>
> >> (and if x is not frequency invariant, the right-hand side becomes a *
> >> x).  Then, the extra boost needed to get to x = 1 for frequency
> >> invariant is produced by the (max_freq / current_freq) factor that is
> >> greater than 1 as long as we are not running at max_freq and a can be
> >> chosen as max_freq.
> >>
> >
> > Expanding terms again, your original formula (without the 1.1 factor of
> > the last version) was:
> >
> >  next_freq = util / max_cap * max_freq
> >
> > and this doesn't work when we have freq invariance since util won't go
> > over curr_cap.
> 
> Can you please remind me what curr_cap is?
> 

The capacity at current frequency.

> > What you propose above is to add another factor, so that we have:
> >
> >  next_freq = util / max_cap * max_freq / curr_freq * max_freq
> >
> > which should give us the opportunity to reach max_freq also with freq
> > invariance.
> >
> > This should actually be the same of doing:
> >
> >  next_freq = util / max_cap * max_cap / curr_cap * max_freq
> >
> > We are basically scaling how much the cpu is busy at curr_cap back to
> > the 0..1024 scale. And we use this to select next_freq. Also, we can
> > simplify this to:
> >
> >  next_freq = util / curr_cap * max_freq
> >
> > and we save some ops.
> >
> > However, if that is correct, I think we might have a problem, as we are
> > skewing OPP selection towards higher frequencies. Let's suppose we have
> > a platform with 3 OPPs:
> >
> >   freq     cap
> >   1200     1024
> >   900      768
> >   600      512
> >
> > As soon a task reaches an utilization of 257 we will be selecting the
> > second OPP as
> >
> >  next_freq = 257 / 512 * 1200 ~ 602
> >
> > While the cpu is only 50% busy in this case. And we will go at max OPP
> > when reaching ~492 (~64% of 768).
> >
> > That said, I guess this might work as a first solution, but we will
> > probably need something better in the future. I understand Rafael's
> > concerns regardin margins, but it seems to me that some kind of
> > additional parameter will be probably needed anyway to fix this.
> > Just to say again how we handle this in schedfreq, with a -20% margin
> > applied to the lowest OPP we will get to the next one when utilization
> > reaches ~410 (80% busy at curr OPP), and so on for the subsequent ones,
> > which is less aggressive and might be better IMHO.
> 
> Well, Peter says that my idea is incorrect, so I'll go for
> 
>   next_freq = C * current_freq * util_raw / max
> 
> where C > 1 (and likely C < 1.5) instead.
> 
> That means C has to be determined somehow or guessed.  The 80% tipping
> point condition seems reasonable to me, though, which leads to C =
> 1.25.
> 

Right. So, when using freq. invariant util we have:

 next_freq = C * curr_freq * util / curr_cap

as

 util_raw = util * max / curr_cap

What Vincent is saying makes sense, though. If we use
arch_scale_freq_capacity() as denominator instead of max, we can use a
single formula for both cases.

Best,

- Juri