linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] locking/qrwlock: Allow multiple spinning readers

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Date:	Tue, 29 Mar 2016 22:20:50 +0200
From:	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
To:	Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@....com>
Cc:	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	Scott J Norton <scott.norton@....com>,
	Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@....com>,
	Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] locking/qrwlock: Allow multiple spinning readers

On Sat, Mar 19, 2016 at 11:21:19PM -0400, Waiman Long wrote:
> In qrwlock, the reader that is spining on the lock will need to notify
> the next reader in the queue when the lock is free. That introduces a
> reader-to-reader latency that is not present in the original rwlock.

How did you find this 'problem'?

> That is the price for reducing lock cacheline contention. It also
> reduces the performance benefit of qrwlock on reader heavy workloads.
> 
> However, if we allow a limited number of readers to spin on the
> lock simultaneously, we can eliminates some of the reader-to-reader
> latencies at the expense of a bit more cacheline contention and
> probably more power consumption.

So the embedded people might not like that much.

> This patch changes the reader slowpath to allow multiple readers to
> spin on the lock. The maximum number of concurrent readers allowed
> is currently set to 4 to limit the amount of additional cacheline
> contention while improving reader performance on most workloads. If
> a writer comes to the queue head, however, it will stop additional
> readers from coming out.
> 
> Using a multi-threaded locking microbenchmark on a 4-socket 40-core
> Haswell-EX system, the locking throughput of 4.5-rc6 kernel with or
> without the patch were as follows:

Do you have an actual real world benchmark where this makes a
difference?

>  /**
>   * queued_read_lock_slowpath - acquire read lock of a queue rwlock
>   * @lock: Pointer to queue rwlock structure
>   * @cnts: Current qrwlock lock value
>   */
>  void queued_read_lock_slowpath(struct qrwlock *lock, u32 cnts)
>  {
> +	bool locked = true;
> +
>  	/*
>  	 * Readers come here when they cannot get the lock without waiting
>  	 */
> @@ -78,7 +71,10 @@ void queued_read_lock_slowpath(struct qrwlock *lock, u32 cnts)
>  		 * semantics) until the lock is available without waiting in
>  		 * the queue.
>  		 */
> +		while ((cnts & _QW_WMASK) == _QW_LOCKED) {
> +			cpu_relax_lowlatency();
> +			cnts = atomic_read_acquire(&lock->cnts);
> +		}
>  		return;
>  	}
>  	atomic_sub(_QR_BIAS, &lock->cnts);
> @@ -92,14 +88,31 @@ void queued_read_lock_slowpath(struct qrwlock *lock, u32 cnts)
>  	 * The ACQUIRE semantics of the following spinning code ensure
>  	 * that accesses can't leak upwards out of our subsequent critical
>  	 * section in the case that the lock is currently held for write.
> +	 *
> +	 * The reader increments the reader count & wait until the writer
> +	 * releases the lock.
>  	 */
>  	cnts = atomic_add_return_acquire(_QR_BIAS, &lock->cnts) - _QR_BIAS;
> +	while ((cnts & _QW_WMASK) == _QW_LOCKED) {
> +		if (locked && ((cnts >> _QR_SHIFT) < MAX_SPINNING_READERS)) {
> +			/*
> +			 * Unlock the wait queue so that more readers can
> +			 * come forward and waiting for the writer to exit
> +			 * as long as no more than MAX_SPINNING_READERS
> +			 * readers are present.
> +			 */
> +			arch_spin_unlock(&lock->wait_lock);
> +			locked = false;

Only 1 more can come forward with this logic. How can you ever get to 4?

Also, what says the next in queue is a reader?

> +		}
> +		cpu_relax_lowlatency();
> +		cnts = atomic_read_acquire(&lock->cnts);
> +	}
>  
>  	/*
>  	 * Signal the next one in queue to become queue head
>  	 */
> +	if (locked)
> +		arch_spin_unlock(&lock->wait_lock);
>  }
>  EXPORT_SYMBOL(queued_read_lock_slowpath);
>  
> -- 
> 1.7.1
>