linux-kernel - Re: [RFC PATCH-tip v2 1/6] locking/osq: Make lock/unlock proper acquire/release barrier

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Date:	Thu, 16 Jun 2016 17:35:54 -0400
From:	Waiman Long <waiman.long@....com>
To:	Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@...il.com>
CC:	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>, <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	<x86@...nel.org>, <linux-alpha@...r.kernel.org>,
	<linux-ia64@...r.kernel.org>, <linux-s390@...r.kernel.org>,
	<linux-arch@...r.kernel.org>, Davidlohr Bueso <dave@...olabs.net>,
	Jason Low <jason.low2@...com>,
	Dave Chinner <david@...morbit.com>,
	Scott J Norton <scott.norton@....com>,
	Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@....com>,
	Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH-tip v2 1/6] locking/osq: Make lock/unlock proper acquire/release
 barrier

On 06/15/2016 10:19 PM, Boqun Feng wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 03:01:19PM -0400, Waiman Long wrote:
>> On 06/15/2016 04:04 AM, Boqun Feng wrote:
>>> Hi Waiman,
>>>
>>> On Tue, Jun 14, 2016 at 06:48:04PM -0400, Waiman Long wrote:
>>>> The osq_lock() and osq_unlock() function may not provide the necessary
>>>> acquire and release barrier in some cases. This patch makes sure
>>>> that the proper barriers are provided when osq_lock() is successful
>>>> or when osq_unlock() is called.
>>>>
>>>> Signed-off-by: Waiman Long<Waiman.Long@....com>
>>>> ---
>>>>    kernel/locking/osq_lock.c |    4 ++--
>>>>    1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
>>>>
>>>> diff --git a/kernel/locking/osq_lock.c b/kernel/locking/osq_lock.c
>>>> index 05a3785..7dd4ee5 100644
>>>> --- a/kernel/locking/osq_lock.c
>>>> +++ b/kernel/locking/osq_lock.c
>>>> @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ bool osq_lock(struct optimistic_spin_queue *lock)
>>>>    	 * cmpxchg in an attempt to undo our queueing.
>>>>    	 */
>>>>
>>>> -	while (!READ_ONCE(node->locked)) {
>>>> +	while (!smp_load_acquire(&node->locked)) {
>>>>    		/*
>>>>    		 * If we need to reschedule bail... so we can block.
>>>>    		 */
>>>> @@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ void osq_unlock(struct optimistic_spin_queue *lock)
>>>>    	 * Second most likely case.
>>>>    	 */
>>>>    	node = this_cpu_ptr(&osq_node);
>>>> -	next = xchg(&node->next, NULL);
>>>> +	next = xchg_release(&node->next, NULL);
>>>>    	if (next) {
>>>>    		WRITE_ONCE(next->locked, 1);
>>> So we still use WRITE_ONCE() rather than smp_store_release() here?
>>>
>>> Though, IIUC, This is fine for all the archs but ARM64, because there
>>> will always be a xchg_release()/xchg() before the WRITE_ONCE(), which
>>> carries a necessary barrier to upgrade WRITE_ONCE() to a RELEASE.
>>>
>>> Not sure whether it's a problem on ARM64, but I think we certainly need
>>> to add some comments here, if we count on this trick.
>>>
>>> Am I missing something or misunderstanding you here?
>>>
>>> Regards,
>>> Boqun
>> The change on the unlock side is more for documentation purpose than is
>> actually needed. As you had said, the xchg() call has provided the necessary
>> memory barrier. Using the _release variant, however, may have some
> But I'm afraid the barrier doesn't remain if we replace xchg() with
> xchg_release() on ARM64v8, IIUC, xchg_release() is just a ldxr+stlxr
> loop with no barrier on ARM64v8. This means the following code:
>
> 	CPU 0					CPU 1 (next)
> 	========================		==================
> 	WRITE_ONCE(x, 1);			r1 = smp_load_acquire(next->locked, 1);
> 	xchg_release(&node->next, NULL);	r2 = READ_ONCE(x);
> 	WRITE_ONCE(next->locked, 1);
>
> could result in (r1 == 1&&  r2 == 0) on ARM64v8, IIUC.

If you look into the actual code:

         next = xchg_release(&node->next, NULL);
         if (next) {
                 WRITE_ONCE(next->locked, 1);
                 return;
         }

There is a control dependency that WRITE_ONCE() won't happen until 
xchg_release() returns. For your particular example, I will change it to

     CPU 0
     ===================
     WRITE_ONCE(x, 1);
     xchg_relaxed(&node->next, NULL);
     smp_store_release(next->locked, 1);

I don't change WRITE_ONCE to a smp_store_release() because it may not 
always execute.

Cheers,
Longman