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Date: Sun, 10 Jul 2016 09:04:19 +0000
From: Topi Miettinen <toiwoton@...il.com>
To: Petr Mladek <pmladek@...e.com>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@...lyn.com>,
"Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@...ssion.com>,
Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>, lkml <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
luto@...nel.org, Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>,
Jonathan Corbet <corbet@....net>,
Li Zefan <lizefan@...wei.com>,
Johannes Weiner <hannes@...xchg.org>,
James Morris <james.l.morris@...cle.com>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
David Howells <dhowells@...hat.com>,
David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@...el.com>,
Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@...aro.org>,
"Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>,
"open list:DOCUMENTATION" <linux-doc@...r.kernel.org>,
"open list:CONTROL GROUP (CGROUP)" <cgroups@...r.kernel.org>,
"open list:CAPABILITIES" <linux-security-module@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] capabilities: add capability cgroup controller
On 07/08/16 09:13, Petr Mladek wrote:
> On Thu 2016-07-07 20:27:13, Topi Miettinen wrote:
>> On 07/07/16 09:16, Petr Mladek wrote:
>>> On Sun 2016-07-03 15:08:07, Topi Miettinen wrote:
>>>> The attached patch would make any uses of capabilities generate audit
>>>> messages. It works for simple tests as you can see from the commit
>>>> message, but unfortunately the call to audit_cgroup_list() deadlocks the
>>>> system when booting a full blown OS. There's no deadlock when the call
>>>> is removed.
>>>>
>>>> I guess that in some cases, cgroup_mutex and/or css_set_lock could be
>>>> already held earlier before entering audit_cgroup_list(). Holding the
>>>> locks is however required by task_cgroup_from_root(). Is there any way
>>>> to avoid this? For example, only print some kind of cgroup ID numbers
>>>> (are there unique and stable IDs, available without locks?) for those
>>>> cgroups where the task is registered in the audit message?
>>>
>>> I am not sure if anyone know what really happens here. I suggest to
>>> enable lockdep. It might detect possible deadlock even before it
>>> really happens, see Documentation/locking/lockdep-design.txt
>>>
>>> It can be enabled by
>>>
>>> CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING=y
>>>
>>> It depends on
>>>
>>> CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL=y
>>>
>>> and maybe some more options, see lib/Kconfig.debug
>>
>> Thanks a lot! I caught this stack dump:
>>
>> starting version 230
>> [ 3.416647] ------------[ cut here ]------------
>> [ 3.417310] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 95 at
>> /home/topi/d/linux.git/kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2871
>> lockdep_trace_alloc+0xb4/0xc0
>> [ 3.417605] DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(irqs_disabled_flags(flags))
>> [ 3.417923] Modules linked in:
>> [ 3.418288] CPU: 0 PID: 95 Comm: systemd-udevd Not tainted 4.7.0-rc5+ #97
>> [ 3.418444] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996),
>> BIOS Debian-1.8.2-1 04/01/2014
>> [ 3.418726] 0000000000000086 000000007970f3b0 ffff88000016fb00
>> ffffffff813c9c45
>> [ 3.418993] ffff88000016fb50 0000000000000000 ffff88000016fb40
>> ffffffff81091e9b
>> [ 3.419176] 00000b3705e2c798 0000000000000046 0000000000000410
>> 00000000ffffffff
>> [ 3.419374] Call Trace:
>> [ 3.419511] [<ffffffff813c9c45>] dump_stack+0x67/0x92
>> [ 3.419644] [<ffffffff81091e9b>] __warn+0xcb/0xf0
>> [ 3.419745] [<ffffffff81091f1f>] warn_slowpath_fmt+0x5f/0x80
>> [ 3.419868] [<ffffffff810e9a84>] lockdep_trace_alloc+0xb4/0xc0
>> [ 3.419988] [<ffffffff8120dc42>] kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x42/0x600
>> [ 3.420156] [<ffffffff8110432d>] ? debug_lockdep_rcu_enabled+0x1d/0x20
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff8163183b>] __alloc_skb+0x5b/0x1d0
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff81144f6b>] audit_log_start+0x29b/0x480
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff810a2925>] ? __lock_task_sighand+0x95/0x270
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff81145cc9>] audit_log_cap_use+0x39/0xf0
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff8109cd75>] ns_capable+0x45/0x70
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff8109cdb7>] capable+0x17/0x20
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff812a2f50>] oom_score_adj_write+0x150/0x2f0
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff81230997>] __vfs_write+0x37/0x160
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff810e33b7>] ? update_fast_ctr+0x17/0x30
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff810e3449>] ? percpu_down_read+0x49/0x90
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff81233d47>] ? __sb_start_write+0xb7/0xf0
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff81233d47>] ? __sb_start_write+0xb7/0xf0
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff81231048>] vfs_write+0xb8/0x1b0
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff812533c6>] ? __fget_light+0x66/0x90
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff81232078>] SyS_write+0x58/0xc0
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff81001f2c>] do_syscall_64+0x5c/0x300
>> [ 3.420170] [<ffffffff81849c9a>] entry_SYSCALL64_slow_path+0x25/0x25
>> [ 3.420170] ---[ end trace fb586899fb556a5e ]---
>> [ 3.447922] random: systemd-udevd urandom read with 3 bits of entropy
>> available
>> [ 4.014078] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc
>> Begin: Loading essential drivers ... done.
>>
>> This is with qemu and the boot continues normally. With real computer,
>> there's no such output and system just seems to freeze.
>>
>> Could it be possible that the deadlock happens because there's some IO
>> towards /sys/fs/cgroup, which causes a capability check and that in turn
>> causes locking problems when we try to print cgroup list?
>
> The above warning is printed by the code from
> kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2871
>
> static void __lockdep_trace_alloc(gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned long flags)
> {
> [...]
> /* We're only interested __GFP_FS allocations for now */
> if (!(gfp_mask & __GFP_FS))
> return;
>
> /*
> * Oi! Can't be having __GFP_FS allocations with IRQs disabled.
> */
> if (DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(irqs_disabled_flags(flags)))
> return;
>
>
> The backtrace shows that your new audit_log_cap_use() is called
> from vfs_write(). You might try to use audit_log_start() with
> GFP_NOFS instead of GFP_KERNEL.
>
> Note that this is rather intuitive advice. I still need to learn a lot
> about memory management and kernel in general to be more sure about
> a correct solution.
>
> Best Regards,
> Petr
>
With the attached patch, the system boots without deadlock. Locking
problems still remain:
[ 3.652221] ======================================================
[ 3.652221] [ INFO: possible circular locking dependency detected ]
[ 3.652221] 4.7.0-rc5+ #101 Not tainted
[ 3.652221] -------------------------------------------------------
[ 3.652221] systemd/1 is trying to acquire lock:
[ 3.652221] (tasklist_lock){.+.+..}, at: [<ffffffff81137ddd>]
cgroup_mount+0x7ed/0xbc0
[ 3.652221]
but task is already holding lock:
[ 3.652221] (css_set_lock){......}, at: [<ffffffff81137c59>]
cgroup_mount+0x669/0xbc0
[ 3.652221]
which lock already depends on the new lock.
[ 3.652221]
the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:
[ 3.652221]
-> #3 (css_set_lock){......}:
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810e92b3>] lock_acquire+0xe3/0x1c0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8184e137>] _raw_spin_lock_irq+0x37/0x50
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff811374be>] cgroup_setup_root+0x19e/0x2d0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff821911fc>] cgroup_init+0xec/0x41d
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff82171f68>] start_kernel+0x40c/0x465
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff82171294>]
x86_64_start_reservations+0x2f/0x31
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8217140e>] x86_64_start_kernel+0x178/0x18b
[ 3.652221]
-> #2 (cgroup_mutex){+.+...}:
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810e92b3>] lock_acquire+0xe3/0x1c0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8184af5f>] mutex_lock_nested+0x5f/0x350
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8113962a>] audit_cgroup_list+0x4a/0x2f0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81145d19>] audit_log_cap_use+0xd9/0xf0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8109cd75>] ns_capable+0x45/0x70
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8109cdb7>] capable+0x17/0x20
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff812a2f00>] oom_score_adj_write+0x150/0x2f0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81230947>] __vfs_write+0x37/0x160
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81230ff8>] vfs_write+0xb8/0x1b0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81232028>] SyS_write+0x58/0xc0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81001f2c>] do_syscall_64+0x5c/0x300
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8184ea1a>] return_from_SYSCALL_64+0x0/0x7a
[ 3.652221]
-> #1 (&(&sighand->siglock)->rlock){+.+...}:
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810e92b3>] lock_acquire+0xe3/0x1c0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8184dfc1>] _raw_spin_lock+0x31/0x40
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810901d9>]
copy_process.part.34+0x10f9/0x1b40
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81090e23>] _do_fork+0xf3/0x6b0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81091409>] kernel_thread+0x29/0x30
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810b71d7>] kthreadd+0x187/0x1e0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8184eb7f>] ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x40
[ 3.652221]
-> #0 (tasklist_lock){.+.+..}:
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810e8dfb>] __lock_acquire+0x13cb/0x1440
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810e92b3>] lock_acquire+0xe3/0x1c0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8184e3f4>] _raw_read_lock+0x34/0x50
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81137ddd>] cgroup_mount+0x7ed/0xbc0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81234d98>] mount_fs+0x38/0x170
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8125626b>] vfs_kern_mount+0x6b/0x150
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81258f8c>] do_mount+0x24c/0xe30
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81259ea5>] SyS_mount+0x95/0xe0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8184e965>]
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x18/0xa8
[ 3.652221]
other info that might help us debug this:
[ 3.652221] Chain exists of:
tasklist_lock --> cgroup_mutex --> css_set_lock
[ 3.652221] Possible unsafe locking scenario:
[ 3.652221] CPU0 CPU1
[ 3.652221] ---- ----
[ 3.652221] lock(css_set_lock);
[ 3.652221] lock(cgroup_mutex);
[ 3.652221] lock(css_set_lock);
[ 3.652221] lock(tasklist_lock);
[ 3.652221]
*** DEADLOCK ***
[ 3.652221] 1 lock held by systemd/1:
[ 3.652221] #0: (css_set_lock){......}, at: [<ffffffff81137c59>]
cgroup_mount+0x669/0xbc0
[ 3.652221]
stack backtrace:
[ 3.652221] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: systemd Not tainted 4.7.0-rc5+ #101
[ 3.652221] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996),
BIOS Debian-1.8.2-1 04/01/2014
[ 3.652221] 0000000000000086 0000000024b7c1ed ffff880006d13bb0
ffffffff813c9bf5
[ 3.652221] ffffffff829dbd20 ffffffff829cf2a0 ffff880006d13bf0
ffffffff810e60a3
[ 3.652221] ffff880006d13c30 ffff880006d067b0 ffff880006d06040
0000000000000001
[ 3.652221] Call Trace:
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff813c9bf5>] dump_stack+0x67/0x92
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810e60a3>] print_circular_bug+0x1e3/0x250
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810e8dfb>] __lock_acquire+0x13cb/0x1440
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81210bcd>] ? __kmalloc_track_caller+0x2bd/0x630
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810e92b3>] lock_acquire+0xe3/0x1c0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81137ddd>] ? cgroup_mount+0x7ed/0xbc0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8184e3f4>] _raw_read_lock+0x34/0x50
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81137ddd>] ? cgroup_mount+0x7ed/0xbc0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81137ddd>] cgroup_mount+0x7ed/0xbc0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff810e5637>] ? lockdep_init_map+0x57/0x1f0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81234d98>] mount_fs+0x38/0x170
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8125626b>] vfs_kern_mount+0x6b/0x150
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81258f8c>] do_mount+0x24c/0xe30
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff812105bb>] ? kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x28b/0x5e0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff811cc176>] ? strndup_user+0x46/0x80
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff81259ea5>] SyS_mount+0x95/0xe0
[ 3.652221] [<ffffffff8184e965>] entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x18/0xa8
Rate limiting would not be a bad idea, there were 329 audit log entries
about capability use.
-Topi
View attachment "0001-cgroup-check-options-and-capabilities-before-locking.patch" of type "text/x-patch" (2089 bytes)
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