linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH 6/9] x86, pkeys: add pkey set/get syscalls

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Date:	Tue, 12 Jul 2016 15:55:45 -0700
From:	Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>
To:	Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@...el.com>
Cc:	Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
	Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@...ux.intel.com>,
	Al Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>, X86 ML <x86@...nel.org>,
	Hugh Dickins <hughd@...gle.com>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Linux API <linux-api@...r.kernel.org>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>,
	Mel Gorman <mgorman@...hsingularity.net>,
	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
	linux-arch <linux-arch@...r.kernel.org>,
	"linux-mm@...ck.org" <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
	Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...db.de>,
	Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@...llo.nl>,
	"linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	"H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 6/9] x86, pkeys: add pkey set/get syscalls

On Tue, Jul 12, 2016 at 10:12 AM, Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@...el.com> wrote:
> On 07/12/2016 09:32 AM, Andy Lutomirski wrote:
>> I think it's more or less impossible to get sensible behavior passing
>> pkey != 0 data to legacy functions.  If you call:
>>
>> void frob(struct foo *p);
>>
>> If frob in turn passes p to a thread, what PKRU is it supposed to use?
>
> The thread inheritance of PKRU can be nice.  It actually gives things a
> good chance of working if you can control PKRU before clone().  I'd
> describe the semantics like this:
>
>         PKRU values are inherited at the time of a clone() system
>         call.  Threads unaware of protection keys may work on
>         protection-key-protected data as long as PKRU is set up in
>         advance of the clone() and never needs to be changed inside the
>         thread.
>
>         If a thread is created before PKRU is set appropriately, the
>         thread may not be able to act on protection-key-protected data.

Given the apparent need for seccomp's TSYNC, I'm a bit nervous that
this will be restrictive to a problematic degree.

>
> Otherwise, the semantics are simpler, but they basically give threads no
> chance of ever working:
>
>         Threads unaware of protection keys and which can not manage
>         PKRU may not operate on data where a non-zero key has been
>         passed to pkey_mprotect().
>
> It isn't clear to me that one of these is substantially better than the
> other.  It's fairly easy in either case for an app that cares to get the
> behavior of the other.
>
> But, one is clearly easier to implement in the kernel. :)
>
>>>> So how is user code supposed lock down all of its threads?
>>>>
>>>> seccomp has TSYNC for this, but I don't think that PKRU allows
>>>> something like that.
>>>
>>> I'm not sure this is possible for PKRU.  Think of a simple PKRU
>>> manipulation in userspace:
>>>
>>>         pkru = rdpkru();
>>>         pkru |= PKEY_DENY_ACCESS<<key*2;
>>>         wrpkru(pkru);
>>>
>>> If we push a PKRU value into a thread between the rdpkru() and wrpkru(),
>>> we'll lose the content of that "push".  I'm not sure there's any way to
>>> guarantee this with a user-controlled register.
>>
>> We could try to insist that user code uses some vsyscall helper that
>> tracks which bits are as-yet-unassigned.  That's quite messy, though.
>
> Yeah, doable, but not without some new data going out to userspace, plus
> the vsyscall code itself.
>
>> We could also arbitrarily partition the key space into
>> initially-wide-open, initially-read-only, and initially-no-access and
>> let pkey_alloc say which kind it wants.
>
> The point is still that wrpkru destroyed the 'push' operation.  You
> always end up with a PKRU that (at least temporarily) ignored the 'push'.
>

Not with my partitioning proposal.  We'd never asynchronously modify
another thread's state -- we'd start start with a mask that gives us a
good chance of having the initial state always be useful.  To be
completely precise, the initial state would be something like:

0 = all access, 1 (PROT_EXEC) = deny read and write, 2-11: deny read
and write, 12-21: deny write, 22-31: all access

Then pkru_alloc would take a parameter giving the requested initial
state, and it would only work if a key with that initial state is
available.

If we went with the vdso approach, the API could look like:

pkru_state_t prev = pkru_push(mask, value);

...

pkru_pop(prev); // or pkru_pop(mask, prev)?

This doesn't fundamentally require the vdso, except that implementing
bitwise operations on PKRU can't be done atomically with RDPKRU /
WRPKRU.  Grr.  This also falls apart pretty badly when sigreturn
happens, so I don't think I like this approach.

--Andy