linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH -v2] mm: Don't use radix tree writeback tags for pages in swap cache

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Date:   Wed, 31 Aug 2016 08:17:24 -0700
From:   "Huang\, Ying" <ying.huang@...el.com>
To:     Mel Gorman <mgorman@...hsingularity.net>
Cc:     "Huang\, Ying" <ying.huang@...el.com>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        <tim.c.chen@...el.com>, <dave.hansen@...el.com>,
        <andi.kleen@...el.com>, <aaron.lu@...el.com>, <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
        <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>, Hugh Dickins <hughd@...gle.com>,
        Shaohua Li <shli@...nel.org>, Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>,
        Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>, Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>,
        Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@...el.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH -v2] mm: Don't use radix tree writeback tags for pages in swap cache

Mel Gorman <mgorman@...hsingularity.net> writes:

> On Tue, Aug 30, 2016 at 10:28:09AM -0700, Huang, Ying wrote:
>> From: Huang Ying <ying.huang@...el.com>
>> 
>> File pages use a set of radix tree tags (DIRTY, TOWRITE, WRITEBACK,
>> etc.) to accelerate finding the pages with a specific tag in the radix
>> tree during inode writeback.  But for anonymous pages in the swap
>> cache, there is no inode writeback.  So there is no need to find the
>> pages with some writeback tags in the radix tree.  It is not necessary
>> to touch radix tree writeback tags for pages in the swap cache.
>> 
>> Per Rik van Riel's suggestion, a new flag AS_NO_WRITEBACK_TAGS is
>> introduced for address spaces which don't need to update the writeback
>> tags.  The flag is set for swap caches.  It may be used for DAX file
>> systems, etc.
>> 
>> With this patch, the swap out bandwidth improved 22.3% (from ~1.2GB/s to
>> ~ 1.48GBps) in the vm-scalability swap-w-seq test case with 8 processes.
>> The test is done on a Xeon E5 v3 system.  The swap device used is a RAM
>> simulated PMEM (persistent memory) device.  The improvement comes from
>> the reduced contention on the swap cache radix tree lock.  To test
>> sequential swapping out, the test case uses 8 processes, which
>> sequentially allocate and write to the anonymous pages until RAM and
>> part of the swap device is used up.
>> 
>> Details of comparison is as follow,
>> 
>> base             base+patch
>> ---------------- --------------------------
>>          %stddev     %change         %stddev
>>              \          |                \
>>    2506952 ±  2%     +28.1%    3212076 ±  7%  vm-scalability.throughput
>>    1207402 ±  7%     +22.3%    1476578 ±  6%  vmstat.swap.so
>>      10.86 ± 12%     -23.4%       8.31 ± 16%  perf-profile.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irq.__add_to_swap_cache.add_to_swap_cache.add_to_swap.shrink_page_list
>>      10.82 ± 13%     -33.1%       7.24 ± 14%  perf-profile.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irqsave.__remove_mapping.shrink_page_list.shrink_inactive_list.shrink_zone_memcg
>>      10.36 ± 11%    -100.0%       0.00 ± -1%  perf-profile.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irqsave.__test_set_page_writeback.bdev_write_page.__swap_writepage.swap_writepage
>>      10.52 ± 12%    -100.0%       0.00 ± -1%  perf-profile.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irqsave.test_clear_page_writeback.end_page_writeback.page_endio.pmem_rw_page
>> 
>
> I didn't see anything wrong with the patch but it's worth highlighting
> that this hunk means we are now out of GFP bits.

Sorry, I don't know whether I understand your words.  It is something
about,

__GFP_BITS_SHIFT == 26

So remainning bits in mapping_flags is 6.  And now the latest bit is
used for the flag introduced in the patch?

Best Regards,
Huang, Ying

>> diff --git a/include/linux/pagemap.h b/include/linux/pagemap.h
>> index 66a1260..2f5a65dd 100644
>> --- a/include/linux/pagemap.h
>> +++ b/include/linux/pagemap.h
>> @@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ enum mapping_flags {
>>  	AS_MM_ALL_LOCKS	= __GFP_BITS_SHIFT + 2,	/* under mm_take_all_locks() */
>>  	AS_UNEVICTABLE	= __GFP_BITS_SHIFT + 3,	/* e.g., ramdisk, SHM_LOCK */
>>  	AS_EXITING	= __GFP_BITS_SHIFT + 4, /* final truncate in progress */
>> +	/* writeback related tags are not used */
>> +	AS_NO_WRITEBACK_TAGS = __GFP_BITS_SHIFT + 5,
>>  };
>>