Date:   Fri, 4 Aug 2017 12:46:18 -0700
From:   "Darrick J. Wong" <darrick.wong@...cle.com>
To:     Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@...el.com>
Cc:     Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>, linux-nvdimm@...ts.01.org,
        Dave Chinner <david@...morbit.com>,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-xfs@...r.kernel.org,
        Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@...hat.com>,
        Alexander Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>, luto@...nel.org,
        linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org,
        Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@...ux.intel.com>,
        Christoph Hellwig <hch@....de>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 2/5] fs, xfs: introduce FALLOC_FL_SEAL_BLOCK_MAP

On Thu, Aug 03, 2017 at 07:28:17PM -0700, Dan Williams wrote:
> >From falloc.h:
> 
>     FALLOC_FL_SEAL_BLOCK_MAP is used to seal (make immutable) all of the
>     file logical-to-physical extent offset mappings in the file. The
>     purpose is to allow an application to assume that there are no holes
>     or shared extents in the file and that the metadata needed to find
>     all the physical extents of the file is stable and can never be
>     dirtied.
> 
> For now this patch only permits setting the in-memory state of
> S_IOMAP_IMMMUTABLE. Support for clearing and persisting the state is
> saved for later patches.
> 
> The implementation is careful to not allow the immutable state to change
> while any process might have any established mappings. It reuses the
> existing xfs_reflink_unshare() and xfs_alloc_file_space() to unshare
> extents and fill all holes in the file. It then holds XFS_ILOCK_EXCL
> while it validates the file is in the proper state and sets
> S_IOMAP_IMMUTABLE.
> 
> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>
> Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@...hat.com>
> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@....de>
> Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@...ux.intel.com>
> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>
> Suggested-by: Dave Chinner <david@...morbit.com>
> Suggested-by: "Darrick J. Wong" <darrick.wong@...cle.com>
> Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@...el.com>
> ---
>  fs/open.c                   |   11 +++++
>  fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c      |  101 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.h      |    2 +
>  fs/xfs/xfs_file.c           |   14 ++++--
>  include/linux/falloc.h      |    3 +
>  include/uapi/linux/falloc.h |   19 ++++++++
>  6 files changed, 145 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/fs/open.c b/fs/open.c
> index 7395860d7164..e3aae59785ae 100644
> --- a/fs/open.c
> +++ b/fs/open.c
> @@ -273,6 +273,17 @@ int vfs_fallocate(struct file *file, int mode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
>  	    (mode & ~(FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE)))
>  		return -EINVAL;
>  
> +	/*
> +	 * Seal block map operation should only be used exclusively, and
> +	 * with the IMMUTABLE capability.
> +	 */
> +	if (mode & FALLOC_FL_SEAL_BLOCK_MAP) {
> +		if (!capable(CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE))
> +			return -EPERM;
> +		if (mode & ~FALLOC_FL_SEAL_BLOCK_MAP)
> +			return -EINVAL;
> +	}
> +
>  	if (!(file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE))
>  		return -EBADF;
>  
> diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c b/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
> index fe0f8f7f4bb7..46d8eb9e19fc 100644
> --- a/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
> +++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
> @@ -1393,6 +1393,107 @@ xfs_zero_file_space(
>  
>  }
>  
> +/* Return 1 if hole detected, 0 if not, and < 0 if fail to determine */
> +STATIC int
> +xfs_file_has_holes(
> +	struct xfs_inode	*ip)
> +{
> +	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
> +	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	*map;
> +	const int		map_size = 10;	/* constrain memory overhead */
> +	int			i, nmaps;
> +	int			error = 0;
> +	xfs_fileoff_t		lblkno = 0;
> +	xfs_filblks_t		maxlblkcnt;
> +
> +	map = kmem_alloc(map_size * sizeof(*map), KM_SLEEP);

Sleeping with an inode fully locked and (eventually) a running
transaction?  Yikes.

Just allocate one xfs_bmbt_irec on the stack and pass in nmaps=1.

This method might fit better in libxfs/xfs_bmap.c where it'll be
able to scan the extent list more quickly with the iext helpers.

> +
> +	maxlblkcnt = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, i_size_read(VFS_I(ip)));
> +	do {
> +		nmaps = map_size;
> +		error = xfs_bmapi_read(ip, lblkno, maxlblkcnt - lblkno,
> +				       map, &nmaps, 0);
> +		if (error)
> +			break;
> +
> +		ASSERT(nmaps <= map_size);
> +		for (i = 0; i < nmaps; i++) {
> +			lblkno += map[i].br_blockcount;
> +			if (map[i].br_startblock == HOLESTARTBLOCK) {

I think we also need to check for unwritten extents here, because a
write to an unwritten block requires some zeroing and a mapping metdata
update.

> +				error = 1;
> +				break;
> +			}
> +		}
> +	} while (nmaps > 0 && error == 0);
> +
> +	kmem_free(map);
> +	return error;
> +}
> +
> +int
> +xfs_seal_file_space(
> +	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
> +	xfs_off_t		offset,
> +	xfs_off_t		len)
> +{
> +	struct inode		*inode = VFS_I(ip);
> +	struct address_space	*mapping = inode->i_mapping;
> +	int			error;
> +
> +	ASSERT(xfs_isilocked(ip, XFS_MMAPLOCK_EXCL));

The IOLOCK must be held here too.

> +
> +	if (offset)
> +		return -EINVAL;
> +
> +	error = xfs_reflink_unshare(ip, offset, len);
> +	if (error)
> +		return error;
> +
> +	error = xfs_alloc_file_space(ip, offset, len,
> +			XFS_BMAPI_CONVERT | XFS_BMAPI_ZERO);
> +	if (error)
> +		return error;
> +
> +	xfs_ilock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
> +	/*
> +	 * Either the size changed after we performed allocation /
> +	 * unsharing, or the request was too small to begin with.
> +	 */
> +	error = -EINVAL;
> +	if (len < i_size_read(inode))
> +		goto out_unlock;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Allow DAX path to assume that the state of S_IOMAP_IMMUTABLE
> +	 * will never change while any mapping is established.
> +	 */
> +	error = -EBUSY;
> +	if (mapping_mapped(mapping))
> +		goto out_unlock;
> +
> +	/* Did we race someone attempting to share extents? */
> +	if (xfs_is_reflink_inode(ip))
> +		goto out_unlock;
> +
> +	/* Did we race a hole punch? */
> +	error = xfs_file_has_holes(ip);
> +	if (error == 1) {
> +		error = -EBUSY;
> +		goto out_unlock;
> +	}
> +
> +	/* Abort on an error reading the block map */
> +	if (error < 0)
> +		goto out_unlock;
> +
> +	inode->i_flags |= S_IOMAP_IMMUTABLE;
> +
> +out_unlock:
> +	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
> +
> +	return error;
> +}
> +
>  /*
>   * @next_fsb will keep track of the extent currently undergoing shift.
>   * @stop_fsb will keep track of the extent at which we have to stop.
> diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.h b/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.h
> index 0cede1043571..5115a32a2483 100644
> --- a/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.h
> +++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.h
> @@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ int	xfs_collapse_file_space(struct xfs_inode *, xfs_off_t offset,
>  				xfs_off_t len);
>  int	xfs_insert_file_space(struct xfs_inode *, xfs_off_t offset,
>  				xfs_off_t len);
> +int	xfs_seal_file_space(struct xfs_inode *, xfs_off_t offset,
> +				xfs_off_t len);
>  
>  /* EOF block manipulation functions */
>  bool	xfs_can_free_eofblocks(struct xfs_inode *ip, bool force);
> diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_file.c b/fs/xfs/xfs_file.c
> index c4893e226fd8..e21121530a90 100644
> --- a/fs/xfs/xfs_file.c
> +++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_file.c
> @@ -739,7 +739,8 @@ xfs_file_write_iter(
>  #define	XFS_FALLOC_FL_SUPPORTED						\
>  		(FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE | FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE |		\
>  		 FALLOC_FL_COLLAPSE_RANGE | FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE |	\
> -		 FALLOC_FL_INSERT_RANGE | FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE)
> +		 FALLOC_FL_INSERT_RANGE | FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE |	\
> +		 FALLOC_FL_SEAL_BLOCK_MAP)
>  
>  STATIC long
>  xfs_file_fallocate(
> @@ -834,9 +835,14 @@ xfs_file_fallocate(
>  				error = xfs_reflink_unshare(ip, offset, len);
>  				if (error)
>  					goto out_unlock;
> -			}
> -			error = xfs_alloc_file_space(ip, offset, len,
> -						     XFS_BMAPI_PREALLOC);
> +
> +				error = xfs_alloc_file_space(ip, offset, len,
> +						XFS_BMAPI_PREALLOC);
> +			} else if (mode & FALLOC_FL_SEAL_BLOCK_MAP) {
> +				error = xfs_seal_file_space(ip, offset, len);
> +			} else
> +				error = xfs_alloc_file_space(ip, offset, len,
> +						XFS_BMAPI_PREALLOC);
>  		}
>  		if (error)
>  			goto out_unlock;
> diff --git a/include/linux/falloc.h b/include/linux/falloc.h
> index 7494dc67c66f..48546c6fbec7 100644
> --- a/include/linux/falloc.h
> +++ b/include/linux/falloc.h
> @@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ struct space_resv {
>  					 FALLOC_FL_COLLAPSE_RANGE |	\
>  					 FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE |		\
>  					 FALLOC_FL_INSERT_RANGE |	\
> -					 FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE)
> +					 FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE |	\
> +					 FALLOC_FL_SEAL_BLOCK_MAP)
>  
>  #endif /* _FALLOC_H_ */
> diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/falloc.h b/include/uapi/linux/falloc.h
> index b075f601919b..39076975bf6f 100644
> --- a/include/uapi/linux/falloc.h
> +++ b/include/uapi/linux/falloc.h
> @@ -76,4 +76,23 @@
>   */
>  #define FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE		0x40
>  
> +/*
> + * FALLOC_FL_SEAL_BLOCK_MAP is used to seal (make immutable) all of the
> + * file logical-to-physical extent offset mappings in the file. The
> + * purpose is to allow an application to assume that there are no holes
> + * or shared extents in the file and that the metadata needed to find
> + * all the physical extents of the file is stable and can never be
> + * dirtied.
> + *
> + * The immutable property is in effect for the entire inode, so the
> + * range for this operation must start at offset 0 and len must be
> + * greater than or equal to the current size of the file. If greater,
> + * this operation allocates, unshares, hole fills, and seals in one

'allocates' is the same as 'hole fills', I think.

This converts unwritten extents to zeroed written extents too, correct?

> + * atomic step. If len is zero then the immutable state is cleared for
> + * the inode.

It's cleared if len == 0?  I thought that was what FL_UNSEAL is for?

> + * This flag implies FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE and as such cannot be used
> + * with the punch, zero, collapse, or insert range modes.
> + */
> +#define FALLOC_FL_SEAL_BLOCK_MAP	0x080
>  #endif /* _UAPI_FALLOC_H_ */
> 
> --
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