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Date: Thu, 25 Jan 2018 20:07:29 +0100
From: Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>
To: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@...radead.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@...hat.com>, tim.c.chen@...ux.intel.com,
pjt@...gle.com, jikos@...nel.org, gregkh@...ux-foundation.org,
dave.hansen@...el.com, mingo@...nel.org, riel@...hat.com,
luto@...capital.net, torvalds@...ux-foundation.org,
ak@...ux.intel.com, keescook@...gle.com, peterz@...radead.org,
tglx@...utronix.de, hpa@...or.com, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
linux-tip-commits@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [tip:x86/pti] x86/retpoline: Fill return stack buffer on vmexit
On Thu, Jan 25, 2018 at 06:04:23PM +0000, David Woodhouse wrote:
> Yep, I'll buy that. But first we need Josh to work out what he's having
> for lunch.
>
> Although just another marker to tell objtool "ignore this whole
> function" might be sufficient to allow us to have an out-of-line RSB-
> stuffing function.
Ok, I think we solved it all on IRC.
I'm adding a conglomerate patch at the end. It builds and boots here in
a vm. Here's what I did:
The barrier:
static inline void indirect_branch_prediction_barrier(void)
{
alternative_input("", "call __ibp_barrier", X86_FEATURE_IBPB, ASM_NO_INPUT_CLOBBER("eax", "ecx", "edx", "memory"));
}
with
void __ibp_barrier(void)
{
wrmsr(MSR_IA32_PRED_CMD, PRED_CMD_IBPB, 0);
}
Alternatives applies correctly:
[ 1.040965] apply_alternatives: feat: 7*32+16, old: (ffffffff8259d806 len: 5), repl: (ffffffff826aa88b, len: 5), pad: 5
[ 1.042798] ffffffff8259d806: old_insn: 90 90 90 90 90
[ 1.044001] ffffffff826aa88b: rpl_insn: e8 80 c3 9c fe
[ 1.044938] apply_alternatives: Fix CALL offset: 0xfead9405, CALL 0xffffffff81076c10
[ 1.046343] ffffffff8259d806: final_insn: e8 05 94 ad fe
with final_insn becoming:
ffffffff8259d806: e8 80 c3 9c fe callq ffffffff81076c10 <__ibp_barrier>
When we look at the __ibp_barrier:
ffffffff81076c10 <__ibp_barrier>:
ffffffff81076c10: e8 bb ac 98 00 callq ffffffff81a018d0 <__fentry__>
ffffffff81076c15: b9 49 00 00 00 mov $0x49,%ecx
ffffffff81076c1a: b8 01 00 00 00 mov $0x1,%eax
ffffffff81076c1f: 31 d2 xor %edx,%edx
ffffffff81076c21: 0f 30 wrmsr
ffffffff81076c23: 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
ffffffff81076c28: c3 retq
ffffffff81076c29: 31 d2 xor %edx,%edx
ffffffff81076c2b: be 01 00 00 00 mov $0x1,%esi
ffffffff81076c30: bf 49 00 00 00 mov $0x49,%edi
ffffffff81076c35: e9 76 64 3f 00 jmpq ffffffff8146d0b0 <do_trace_write_msr>
ffffffff81076c3a: 90 nop
ffffffff81076c3b: 90 nop
ffffffff81076c3c: 90 nop
ffffffff81076c3d: 90 nop
ffffffff81076c3e: 90 nop
It has the tracing shit too. We could replace that with __wrmsr() which
does exception handling. And I think we should do that instead.
/me does it.
The RSB filler became:
static inline void vmexit_fill_RSB(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_RETPOLINE
alternative_input("", "call __fill_rsb_clobber_ax", X86_FEATURE_RETPOLINE, ASM_NO_INPUT_CLOBBER("memory"));
#endif
}
and __fill_rsb_clobber_ax looks like:
ENTRY(__fill_rsb_clobber_ax)
___FILL_RETURN_BUFFER %_ASM_AX, RSB_CLEAR_LOOPS, %_ASM_SP
END(__fill_rsb_clobber_ax)
where:
.macro ___FILL_RETURN_BUFFER reg:req nr:req sp:req
mov (\nr / 2), \reg
.align 16
771:
call 772f
773: /* speculation trap */
pause
lfence
jmp 773b
.align 16
772:
call 774f
775: /* speculation trap */
pause
lfence
jmp 775b
.align 16
774:
dec \reg
jnz 771b
add (BITS_PER_LONG /8) * \nr, \sp
.endm
Please check the alignment directives are at the right places.
Application looks correct too:
[ 0.428974] apply_alternatives: feat: 7*32+12, old: (ffffffff8105fe50 len: 5), repl: (ffffffff826aa69f, len: 5), pad: 5
[ 0.432003] ffffffff8105fe50: old_insn: 90 90 90 90 90
[ 0.432977] ffffffff826aa69f: rpl_insn: e8 5c 8b 55 ff
[ 0.433943] apply_alternatives: Fix CALL offset: 0xba33ab, CALL 0xffffffff81c03200
[ 0.435368] ffffffff8105fe50: final_insn: e8 ab 33 ba 00
final_insn becomes
ffffffff8105fe50: e8 5c 8b 55 ff callq ffffffff81c03200 <__fill_rsb_clobber_ax>
and the __fill_rsb_clobber_ax asm look good to me too:
ffffffff81c03200 <__fill_rsb_clobber_ax>:
ffffffff81c03200: 48 8b 04 25 10 00 00 mov 0x10,%rax
ffffffff81c03207: 00
ffffffff81c03208: 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
ffffffff81c0320f: 00
ffffffff81c03210: e8 0b 00 00 00 callq ffffffff81c03220 <__fill_rsb_clobber_ax+0x20>
ffffffff81c03215: f3 90 pause
ffffffff81c03217: 0f ae e8 lfence
ffffffff81c0321a: eb f9 jmp ffffffff81c03215 <__fill_rsb_clobber_ax+0x15>
ffffffff81c0321c: 0f 1f 40 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
ffffffff81c03220: e8 0b 00 00 00 callq ffffffff81c03230 <__fill_rsb_clobber_ax+0x30>
ffffffff81c03225: f3 90 pause
ffffffff81c03227: 0f ae e8 lfence
ffffffff81c0322a: eb f9 jmp ffffffff81c03225 <__fill_rsb_clobber_ax+0x25>
ffffffff81c0322c: 0f 1f 40 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
ffffffff81c03230: 48 ff c8 dec %rax
ffffffff81c03233: 75 db jne ffffffff81c03210 <__fill_rsb_clobber_ax+0x10>
ffffffff81c03235: 48 03 24 25 00 01 00 add 0x100,%rsp
ffffffff81c0323c: 00
with the respective alignment.
Btw, I've forced
setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_IBPB);
so that I can see it applies only - nothing else.
Here's the full diff I have so far:
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
index 67bbfaa1448b..a7c5602847b1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
@@ -210,6 +210,7 @@
#define X86_FEATURE_AVX512_4VNNIW ( 7*32+16) /* AVX-512 Neural Network Instructions */
#define X86_FEATURE_AVX512_4FMAPS ( 7*32+17) /* AVX-512 Multiply Accumulation Single precision */
+#define X86_FEATURE_IBPB ( 7*32+16) /* Using Indirect Branch Prediction Barrier */
#define X86_FEATURE_MBA ( 7*32+18) /* Memory Bandwidth Allocation */
#define X86_FEATURE_RSB_CTXSW ( 7*32+19) /* Fill RSB on context switches */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/msr-index.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/msr-index.h
index e7b983a35506..1c4e87b73789 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/msr-index.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/msr-index.h
@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@
/* Intel MSRs. Some also available on other CPUs */
+#define MSR_IA32_PRED_CMD 0x00000049 /* Prediction Command */
+#define PRED_CMD_IBPB (1 << 0) /* Indirect Branch Prediction Barrier */
+
#define MSR_PPIN_CTL 0x0000004e
#define MSR_PPIN 0x0000004f
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
index 4ad41087ce0e..3e4d4996374e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-#ifndef __NOSPEC_BRANCH_H__
-#define __NOSPEC_BRANCH_H__
+#ifndef __X86_ASM_NOSPEC_BRANCH_H__
+#define __X86_ASM_NOSPEC_BRANCH_H__
#include <asm/alternative.h>
#include <asm/alternative-asm.h>
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
#ifdef __ASSEMBLY__
+#include <asm/bitsperlong.h>
+
+
/*
* This should be used immediately before a retpoline alternative. It tells
* objtool where the retpolines are so that it can make sense of the control
@@ -121,6 +124,29 @@
#endif
.endm
+.macro ___FILL_RETURN_BUFFER reg:req nr:req sp:req
+ mov (\nr / 2), \reg
+ .align 16
+771:
+ call 772f
+773: /* speculation trap */
+ pause
+ lfence
+ jmp 773b
+ .align 16
+772:
+ call 774f
+775: /* speculation trap */
+ pause
+ lfence
+ jmp 775b
+ .align 16
+774:
+ dec \reg
+ jnz 771b
+ add (BITS_PER_LONG /8) * \nr, \sp
+.endm
+
/*
* A simpler FILL_RETURN_BUFFER macro. Don't make people use the CPP
* monstrosity above, manually.
@@ -206,17 +232,14 @@ extern char __indirect_thunk_end[];
static inline void vmexit_fill_RSB(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_RETPOLINE
- unsigned long loops;
-
- asm volatile (ANNOTATE_NOSPEC_ALTERNATIVE
- ALTERNATIVE("jmp 910f",
- __stringify(__FILL_RETURN_BUFFER(%0, RSB_CLEAR_LOOPS, %1)),
- X86_FEATURE_RETPOLINE)
- "910:"
- : "=r" (loops), ASM_CALL_CONSTRAINT
- : : "memory" );
+ alternative_input("", "call __fill_rsb_clobber_ax", X86_FEATURE_RETPOLINE, ASM_NO_INPUT_CLOBBER("memory"));
#endif
}
+static inline void indirect_branch_prediction_barrier(void)
+{
+ alternative_input("", "call __ibp_barrier", X86_FEATURE_IBPB, ASM_NO_INPUT_CLOBBER("eax", "ecx", "edx", "memory"));
+}
+
#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
-#endif /* __NOSPEC_BRANCH_H__ */
+#endif /* __X86_ASM_NOSPEC_BRANCH_H__ */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
index d3a67fba200a..624bc37dc696 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
@@ -971,4 +971,9 @@ bool xen_set_default_idle(void);
void stop_this_cpu(void *dummy);
void df_debug(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_RETPOLINE
+asmlinkage void __fill_rsb_clobber_ax(void);
+void __ibp_barrier(void);
+#endif
#endif /* _ASM_X86_PROCESSOR_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
index 390b3dc3d438..35f60e5b93bf 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
@@ -249,6 +249,10 @@ static void __init spectre_v2_select_mitigation(void)
setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_RSB_CTXSW);
pr_info("Filling RSB on context switch\n");
}
+
+ setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_IBPB);
+
+ indirect_branch_prediction_barrier();
}
#undef pr_fmt
@@ -281,3 +285,10 @@ ssize_t cpu_show_spectre_v2(struct device *dev,
return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", spectre_v2_strings[spectre_v2_enabled]);
}
#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_RETPOLINE
+void __ibp_barrier(void)
+{
+ __wrmsr(MSR_IA32_PRED_CMD, PRED_CMD_IBPB, 0);
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/Makefile b/arch/x86/lib/Makefile
index f23934bbaf4e..69a473919260 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/Makefile
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ lib-$(CONFIG_RWSEM_XCHGADD_ALGORITHM) += rwsem.o
lib-$(CONFIG_INSTRUCTION_DECODER) += insn.o inat.o insn-eval.o
lib-$(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE) += kaslr.o
lib-$(CONFIG_RETPOLINE) += retpoline.o
+OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD_retpoline.o :=y
obj-y += msr.o msr-reg.o msr-reg-export.o hweight.o
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/retpoline.S b/arch/x86/lib/retpoline.S
index dfb2ba91b670..62eaa8f80d30 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/retpoline.S
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/retpoline.S
@@ -47,3 +47,7 @@ GENERATE_THUNK(r13)
GENERATE_THUNK(r14)
GENERATE_THUNK(r15)
#endif
+
+ENTRY(__fill_rsb_clobber_ax)
+ ___FILL_RETURN_BUFFER %_ASM_AX, RSB_CLEAR_LOOPS, %_ASM_SP
+END(__fill_rsb_clobber_ax)
--
2.13.0
--
Regards/Gruss,
Boris.
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