Date:   Tue, 17 Apr 2018 22:25:01 +0800
From:   Leo Yan <leo.yan@...aro.org>
To:     Dietmar Eggemann <dietmar.eggemann@....com>
Cc:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Quentin Perret <quentin.perret@....com>,
        Thara Gopinath <thara.gopinath@...aro.org>,
        linux-pm@...r.kernel.org,
        Morten Rasmussen <morten.rasmussen@....com>,
        Chris Redpath <chris.redpath@....com>,
        Patrick Bellasi <patrick.bellasi@....com>,
        Valentin Schneider <valentin.schneider@....com>,
        "Rafael J . Wysocki" <rjw@...ysocki.net>,
        Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>,
        Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>,
        Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@...aro.org>,
        Todd Kjos <tkjos@...gle.com>,
        Joel Fernandes <joelaf@...gle.com>,
        Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@...hat.com>,
        Steve Muckle <smuckle@...gle.com>,
        Eduardo Valentin <edubezval@...il.com>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH v2 3/6] sched: Add over-utilization/tipping point
 indicator

On Fri, Apr 06, 2018 at 04:36:04PM +0100, Dietmar Eggemann wrote:
> From: Thara Gopinath <thara.gopinath@...aro.org>
> 
> Energy-aware scheduling should only operate when the system is not
> overutilized. There must be cpu time available to place tasks based on
> utilization in an energy-aware fashion, i.e. to pack tasks on
> energy-efficient cpus without harming the overall throughput.
> 
> In case the system operates above this tipping point the tasks have to
> be placed based on task and cpu load in the classical way of spreading
> tasks across as many cpus as possible.
> 
> The point in which a system switches from being not overutilized to
> being overutilized is called the tipping point.
> 
> Such a tipping point indicator on a sched domain as the system
> boundary is introduced here. As soon as one cpu of a sched domain is
> overutilized the whole sched domain is declared overutilized as well.
> A cpu becomes overutilized when its utilization is higher that 80%
> (capacity_margin) of its capacity.
> 
> The implementation takes advantage of the shared sched domain which is
> shared across all per-cpu views of a sched domain level. The new
> overutilized flag is placed in this shared sched domain.
> 
> Load balancing is skipped in case the energy model is present and the
> sched domain is not overutilized because under this condition the
> predominantly load-per-capacity driven load-balancer should not
> interfere with the energy-aware wakeup placement based on utilization.
> 
> In case the total utilization of a sched domain is greater than the
> total sched domain capacity the overutilized flag is set at the parent
> sched domain level to let other sched groups help getting rid of the
> overutilization of cpus.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Thara Gopinath <thara.gopinath@...aro.org>
> Signed-off-by: Dietmar Eggemann <dietmar.eggemann@....com>
> ---
>  include/linux/sched/topology.h |  1 +
>  kernel/sched/fair.c            | 62 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
>  kernel/sched/sched.h           |  1 +
>  kernel/sched/topology.c        | 12 +++-----
>  4 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/sched/topology.h b/include/linux/sched/topology.h
> index 26347741ba50..dd001c232646 100644
> --- a/include/linux/sched/topology.h
> +++ b/include/linux/sched/topology.h
> @@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ struct sched_domain_shared {
>  	atomic_t	ref;
>  	atomic_t	nr_busy_cpus;
>  	int		has_idle_cores;
> +	int		overutilized;
>  };
>  
>  struct sched_domain {
> diff --git a/kernel/sched/fair.c b/kernel/sched/fair.c
> index 0a76ad2ef022..6960e5ef3c14 100644
> --- a/kernel/sched/fair.c
> +++ b/kernel/sched/fair.c
> @@ -5345,6 +5345,28 @@ static inline void hrtick_update(struct rq *rq)
>  }
>  #endif
>  
> +#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
> +static inline int cpu_overutilized(int cpu);
> +
> +static inline int sd_overutilized(struct sched_domain *sd)
> +{
> +	return READ_ONCE(sd->shared->overutilized);
> +}
> +
> +static inline void update_overutilized_status(struct rq *rq)
> +{
> +	struct sched_domain *sd;
> +
> +	rcu_read_lock();
> +	sd = rcu_dereference(rq->sd);
> +	if (sd && !sd_overutilized(sd) && cpu_overutilized(rq->cpu))
> +		WRITE_ONCE(sd->shared->overutilized, 1);
> +	rcu_read_unlock();
> +}
> +#else
> +static inline void update_overutilized_status(struct rq *rq) {}
> +#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
> +
>  /*
>   * The enqueue_task method is called before nr_running is
>   * increased. Here we update the fair scheduling stats and
> @@ -5394,8 +5416,10 @@ enqueue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int flags)
>  		update_cfs_group(se);
>  	}
>  
> -	if (!se)
> +	if (!se) {
>  		add_nr_running(rq, 1);
> +		update_overutilized_status(rq);
> +	}

Maybe this isn't a good question, why only update overutilized flag
for enqueue flow but not for dequeue flow?

>  	util_est_enqueue(&rq->cfs, p);
>  	hrtick_update(rq);
> @@ -6579,6 +6603,11 @@ static inline int util_fits_capacity(unsigned long util, unsigned long capacity)
>  	return capacity * 1024 > util * capacity_margin;
>  }
>  
> +static inline int cpu_overutilized(int cpu)
> +{
> +	return !util_fits_capacity(cpu_util(cpu), capacity_of(cpu));
> +}
> +
>  /*
>   * Disable WAKE_AFFINE in the case where task @p doesn't fit in the
>   * capacity of either the waking CPU @cpu or the previous CPU @prev_cpu.
> @@ -7817,6 +7846,7 @@ struct sd_lb_stats {
>  	unsigned long total_running;
>  	unsigned long total_load;	/* Total load of all groups in sd */
>  	unsigned long total_capacity;	/* Total capacity of all groups in sd */
> +	unsigned long total_util;	/* Total util of all groups in sd */
>  	unsigned long avg_load;	/* Average load across all groups in sd */
>  
>  	struct sg_lb_stats busiest_stat;/* Statistics of the busiest group */
> @@ -7837,6 +7867,7 @@ static inline void init_sd_lb_stats(struct sd_lb_stats *sds)
>  		.total_running = 0UL,
>  		.total_load = 0UL,
>  		.total_capacity = 0UL,
> +		.total_util = 0UL,
>  		.busiest_stat = {
>  			.avg_load = 0UL,
>  			.sum_nr_running = 0,
> @@ -8133,11 +8164,12 @@ static bool update_nohz_stats(struct rq *rq, bool force)
>   * @local_group: Does group contain this_cpu.
>   * @sgs: variable to hold the statistics for this group.
>   * @overload: Indicate more than one runnable task for any CPU.
> + * @overutilized: Indicate overutilization for any CPU.
>   */
>  static inline void update_sg_lb_stats(struct lb_env *env,
>  			struct sched_group *group, int load_idx,
>  			int local_group, struct sg_lb_stats *sgs,
> -			bool *overload)
> +			bool *overload, int *overutilized)
>  {
>  	unsigned long load;
>  	int i, nr_running;
> @@ -8174,6 +8206,9 @@ static inline void update_sg_lb_stats(struct lb_env *env,
>  		 */
>  		if (!nr_running && idle_cpu(i))
>  			sgs->idle_cpus++;
> +
> +		if (cpu_overutilized(i))
> +			*overutilized = 1;
>  	}
>  
>  	/* Adjust by relative CPU capacity of the group */
> @@ -8301,6 +8336,7 @@ static inline void update_sd_lb_stats(struct lb_env *env, struct sd_lb_stats *sd
>  	struct sg_lb_stats tmp_sgs;
>  	int load_idx, prefer_sibling = 0;
>  	bool overload = false;
> +	int overutilized = 0;
>  
>  	if (child && child->flags & SD_PREFER_SIBLING)
>  		prefer_sibling = 1;
> @@ -8327,7 +8363,7 @@ static inline void update_sd_lb_stats(struct lb_env *env, struct sd_lb_stats *sd
>  		}
>  
>  		update_sg_lb_stats(env, sg, load_idx, local_group, sgs,
> -						&overload);
> +						&overload, &overutilized);
>  
>  		if (local_group)
>  			goto next_group;
> @@ -8359,6 +8395,7 @@ static inline void update_sd_lb_stats(struct lb_env *env, struct sd_lb_stats *sd
>  		sds->total_running += sgs->sum_nr_running;
>  		sds->total_load += sgs->group_load;
>  		sds->total_capacity += sgs->group_capacity;
> +		sds->total_util += sgs->group_util;
>  
>  		sg = sg->next;
>  	} while (sg != env->sd->groups);
> @@ -8380,6 +8417,17 @@ static inline void update_sd_lb_stats(struct lb_env *env, struct sd_lb_stats *sd
>  		if (env->dst_rq->rd->overload != overload)
>  			env->dst_rq->rd->overload = overload;
>  	}
> +
> +	if (sd_overutilized(env->sd) != overutilized)
> +		WRITE_ONCE(env->sd->shared->overutilized, overutilized);
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * If the domain util is greater that domain capacity, load balancing
> +	 * needs to be done at the next sched domain level as well.
> +	 */
> +	if (env->sd->parent &&
> +	    !util_fits_capacity(sds->total_util, sds->total_capacity))
> +		WRITE_ONCE(env->sd->parent->shared->overutilized, 1);
>  }
>  
>  /**
> @@ -9255,6 +9303,9 @@ static void rebalance_domains(struct rq *rq, enum cpu_idle_type idle)
>  		}
>  		max_cost += sd->max_newidle_lb_cost;
>  
> +		if (sched_energy_enabled() && !sd_overutilized(sd))
> +			continue;
> +
>  		if (!(sd->flags & SD_LOAD_BALANCE))
>  			continue;
>  
> @@ -9822,6 +9873,9 @@ static int idle_balance(struct rq *this_rq, struct rq_flags *rf)
>  			break;
>  		}
>  
> +		if (sched_energy_enabled() && !sd_overutilized(sd))
> +			continue;
> +
>  		if (sd->flags & SD_BALANCE_NEWIDLE) {
>  			t0 = sched_clock_cpu(this_cpu);
>  
> @@ -9955,6 +10009,8 @@ static void task_tick_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr, int queued)
>  
>  	if (static_branch_unlikely(&sched_numa_balancing))
>  		task_tick_numa(rq, curr);
> +
> +	update_overutilized_status(rq);

Can sched tick clear overutilized flag if under tipping point?

Thanks,
Leo Yan

>  }
>  
>  /*
> diff --git a/kernel/sched/sched.h b/kernel/sched/sched.h
> index c3deaee7a7a2..5d552c0d7109 100644
> --- a/kernel/sched/sched.h
> +++ b/kernel/sched/sched.h
> @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
>  #include <linux/sched/cputime.h>
>  #include <linux/sched/deadline.h>
>  #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
> +#include <linux/sched/energy.h>
>  #include <linux/sched/hotplug.h>
>  #include <linux/sched/idle.h>
>  #include <linux/sched/init.h>
> diff --git a/kernel/sched/topology.c b/kernel/sched/topology.c
> index 64cc564f5255..c8b7c7665ab2 100644
> --- a/kernel/sched/topology.c
> +++ b/kernel/sched/topology.c
> @@ -1184,15 +1184,11 @@ sd_init(struct sched_domain_topology_level *tl,
>  		sd->idle_idx = 1;
>  	}
>  
> -	/*
> -	 * For all levels sharing cache; connect a sched_domain_shared
> -	 * instance.
> -	 */
> -	if (sd->flags & SD_SHARE_PKG_RESOURCES) {
> -		sd->shared = *per_cpu_ptr(sdd->sds, sd_id);
> -		atomic_inc(&sd->shared->ref);
> +	sd->shared = *per_cpu_ptr(sdd->sds, sd_id);
> +	atomic_inc(&sd->shared->ref);
> +
> +	if (sd->flags & SD_SHARE_PKG_RESOURCES)
>  		atomic_set(&sd->shared->nr_busy_cpus, sd_weight);
> -	}
>  
>  	sd->private = sdd;
>  
> -- 
> 2.11.0
> 

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