linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH RFC 0/3] Static calls

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Date:   Mon, 12 Nov 2018 16:52:04 -0600
From:   Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@...hat.com>
To:     Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@...aro.org>
Cc:     Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>,
        Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        the arch/x86 maintainers <x86@...nel.org>,
        Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>,
        Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
        Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@...nel.org>,
        Jason Baron <jbaron@...mai.com>, Jiri Kosina <jkosina@...e.cz>,
        David Laight <David.Laight@...lab.com>,
        Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>, Juergen Gross <jgross@...e.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH RFC 0/3] Static calls

On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 10:39:52AM +0100, Ard Biesheuvel wrote:
> On Mon, 12 Nov 2018 at 06:31, Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@...hat.com> wrote:
> >
> > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 06:02:41AM +0100, Ingo Molnar wrote:
> > >
> > > * Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@...hat.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > > On Fri, Nov 09, 2018 at 08:28:11AM +0100, Ingo Molnar wrote:
> > > > > > - I'm not sure about the objtool approach.  Objtool is (currently)
> > > > > >   x86-64 only, which means we have to use the "unoptimized" version
> > > > > >   everywhere else.  I may experiment with a GCC plugin instead.
> > > > >
> > > > > I'd prefer the objtool approach. It's a pretty reliable first-principles
> > > > > approach while GCC plugin would have to be replicated for Clang and any
> > > > > other compilers, etc.
> > > >
> > > > The benefit of a plugin is that we'd only need two of them: GCC and
> > > > Clang.  And presumably, they'd share a lot of code.
> > > >
> 
> Having looked into this, I don't think they will share any code at
> all, to be honest. Perhaps some macros and string templates, that's
> all.

Oh well.  That should still be easier to maintain than objtool across
all arches at this point.

> > > > The prospect of porting objtool to all architectures is going to be much
> > > > more of a daunting task (though we are at least already considering it
> > > > for some arches).
> > >
> > > Which architectures would benefit from ORC support the most?
> >
> > According to my (limited and potentially flawed) knowledge, I think
> > arm64 would benefit the most performance-wise, whereas powerpc and s390
> > gains would be quite a bit less.
> >
> 
> What would arm64 gain from ORC and/or objtool?

Other than live patching, the biggest benefit would be an
across-the-board performance improvement from disabling frame pointers.
It would be interesting to see some arm64 performance numbers there, for
a kernel compiled with -fomit-frame-pointer.

For more details (and benefits of) ORC see
Documentation/x86/orc-unwinder.txt.

Objtool has also come in handy for other cases, like ensuring retpolines
are used everywhere.

Over time, I would like to move some objtool functionality to compiler
plugins, such that it would be easier to port it to other arches.

> > We may have to port objtool to arm64 anyway, for live patching.
> 
> Is this about the reliable stack traces, i.e., the ability to detect
> non-leaf functions that don't create stack frames? I think we should
> be able to manage this without objtool on arm64 tbh.

Hm?  How else would you ensure all functions honor CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER,
and continue to do so indefinitely?

> >  But
> > that will be a lot more work than it took for Ard to write a GCC plugin.
> >
> > > I really think that hard reliance on GCC plugins is foolish
> >
> > Funny, I feel the same way about hard reliance on objtool :-)
> >
> 
> I tend to agree here. I think objtool is a necessary evil (as are
> compiler plugins, for that matter) which I hope does not spread to
> other architectures.

I agree that it's a necessary evil, but it may be necessary on arm64 for
live patching.

> But the main difference is that the GCC plugin is only ~50 lines (for
> this particular use case, and minus another 50 lines of boilerplate),
> whereas objtool (AIUI) duplicates lots and lots of functionality of
> the compiler, assembler and/or linker, to mangle relocations, create
> new sections etc etc. Porting this to other architectures is going to
> be a major maintenance effort, especially when I think of, e.g.,
> 32-bit ARM with its Thumb2 quirks and other idiosyncrasies that are
> currently hidden in the toolchain. Other architectures should be first
> class citizens if objtool gains support for them, which means that the
> x86 people that own it currently are on the hook for testing their
> changes against architectures they are not familiar with.

Sounds like we could use you as a co-maintainer then :-)

BTW, AFAIK, there are no plans to support live patching for 32-bit ARM.

-- 
Josh