netdev - [net-next PATCH 00/02] net/ipv4: Add support for new tunnel type VTI.

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Date:	Thu, 28 Jun 2012 17:52:14 -0700
From:	Saurabh <saurabh.mohan@...tta.com>
To:	netdev@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [net-next PATCH 00/02] net/ipv4: Add support for new tunnel type
 VTI.

Incorporated David and Steffen's comments.
Resubmitting after taking into account review comments:
The VTI tunnel is applicable to esp, ah and ipcomp.

Introduction:
Virtual tunnel interface is a way to represent policy based IPsec tunnels as virtual interfaces in linux. This is similar to Cisco's VTI (virtual tunnel interface) and Juniper's representaion of secure tunnel (st.xx). The advantage of representing an IPsec tunnel as an interface is that it is possible to plug Ipsec tunnels into the routing protocol infrastructure of a router. Therefore it becomes possible to influence the packet path by toggling the link state of the tunnel or based on routing metrics.

Overview:
Natively linux kernel does not support ipsec as an interface. Also secure interface assume a ipsec policy 4 tupple of {dst-ip-any, src-ip-any, dst-port-any, src-port-any}. Applying this 4 tuple in linux would result in all traffic matching the ipsec policy. What is needed is a tunnel distinguisher. The linux kernel skbuff has fwmark which is used for policy based routing (PBR). Linux kernel version 2.6.35 enhanced SPD/SADB to use fwmark as part of the IPsec policy. Strongswan has also introduced support for this kernel feature with version 4.5.0. We can therefore use the fwmark as the distinguisher for tunnel interface. We can also create a light weight tunnel kernel module (vti) to give the notion of an interface for rest of the kernel routing system. The tunnel module does not do any encapsulation/decapsulation. The kernel's xfrm modules still do the esp encryption/decryption.

Usage:
ip tunnel add sti15 mode vti remote 12.0.0.1 local 12.0.0.3 ikey 15
or
ip link add sti15 type vti key 15 remote 12.0.0.1 local 12.0.0.3

Sample strongswan config would be:
conn peer-12.0.0.1-tunnel-1
   left=12.0.0.3
   right=12.0.0.1
   leftsubnet=0.0.0.0/0
   rightsubnet=0.0.0.0/0
   ike=aes128-sha1-modp1024!
   ikelifetime=28800s
   keyingtries=%forever
   esp=aes128-sha1!
   keylife=3600s
   rekeymargin=540s
   type=tunnel
   pfs=yes
   compress=no
   authby=secret
   auto=start
   mark_in=0xf
   mark_out=0xf
   keyexchange=ikev1

Also you need the iptables rule for ingress esp and udp-4500 packets:
-A PREROUTING -s 12.0.0.1/32 -d 12.0.0.3/32 -p esp -j MARK --set-xmark 0xf/0xffffffff

Signed-off-by: Saurabh Mohan <saurabh.mohan@...tta.com>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@...tta.com>

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