Date:	Fri, 18 Jul 2014 10:38:15 -0400
From:	Vlad Yasevich <vyasevich@...il.com>
To:	Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@...hat.com>, davem@...emloft.net
CC:	jgunthorpe@...idianresearch.com, netdev@...r.kernel.org,
	linux-sctp@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH net] net: sctp: inherit auth_capable on INIT collisions

On 07/17/2014 02:05 PM, Daniel Borkmann wrote:
> Jason reported an oops caused by SCTP on his ARM machine with
> SCTP authentication enabled:
> 
> Internal error: Oops: 17 [#1] ARM
> CPU: 0 PID: 104 Comm: sctp-test Not tainted 3.13.0-68744-g3632f30c9b20-dirty #1
> task: c6eefa40 ti: c6f52000 task.ti: c6f52000
> PC is at sctp_auth_calculate_hmac+0xc4/0x10c
> LR is at sg_init_table+0x20/0x38
> pc : [<c024bb80>]    lr : [<c00f32dc>]    psr: 40000013
> sp : c6f538e8  ip : 00000000  fp : c6f53924
> r10: c6f50d80  r9 : 00000000  r8 : 00010000
> r7 : 00000000  r6 : c7be4000  r5 : 00000000  r4 : c6f56254
> r3 : c00c8170  r2 : 00000001  r1 : 00000008  r0 : c6f1e660
> Flags: nZcv  IRQs on  FIQs on  Mode SVC_32  ISA ARM  Segment user
> Control: 0005397f  Table: 06f28000  DAC: 00000015
> Process sctp-test (pid: 104, stack limit = 0xc6f521c0)
> Stack: (0xc6f538e8 to 0xc6f54000)
> [...]
> Backtrace:
> [<c024babc>] (sctp_auth_calculate_hmac+0x0/0x10c) from [<c0249af8>] (sctp_packet_transmit+0x33c/0x5c8)
> [<c02497bc>] (sctp_packet_transmit+0x0/0x5c8) from [<c023e96c>] (sctp_outq_flush+0x7fc/0x844)
> [<c023e170>] (sctp_outq_flush+0x0/0x844) from [<c023ef78>] (sctp_outq_uncork+0x24/0x28)
> [<c023ef54>] (sctp_outq_uncork+0x0/0x28) from [<c0234364>] (sctp_side_effects+0x1134/0x1220)
> [<c0233230>] (sctp_side_effects+0x0/0x1220) from [<c02330b0>] (sctp_do_sm+0xac/0xd4)
> [<c0233004>] (sctp_do_sm+0x0/0xd4) from [<c023675c>] (sctp_assoc_bh_rcv+0x118/0x160)
> [<c0236644>] (sctp_assoc_bh_rcv+0x0/0x160) from [<c023d5bc>] (sctp_inq_push+0x6c/0x74)
> [<c023d550>] (sctp_inq_push+0x0/0x74) from [<c024a6b0>] (sctp_rcv+0x7d8/0x888)
> 
> While we already had various kind of bugs in that area
> ec0223ec48a9 ("net: sctp: fix sctp_sf_do_5_1D_ce to verify if
> we/peer is AUTH capable") and b14878ccb7fa ("net: sctp: cache
> auth_enable per endpoint"), this one is a bit of a different
> kind.
> 
> Giving a bit more background on why SCTP authentication is
> needed can be found in RFC4895:
> 
>   SCTP uses 32-bit verification tags to protect itself against
>   blind attackers. These values are not changed during the
>   lifetime of an SCTP association.
> 
>   Looking at new SCTP extensions, there is the need to have a
>   method of proving that an SCTP chunk(s) was really sent by
>   the original peer that started the association and not by a
>   malicious attacker.
> 
> To cause this bug, we're triggering an INIT collision between
> peers; normal SCTP handshake where both sides intent to
> authenticate packets contains RANDOM; CHUNKS; HMAC-ALGO
> parameters that are being negotiated among peers:
> 
>   ---------- INIT[RANDOM; CHUNKS; HMAC-ALGO] ---------->
>   <------- INIT-ACK[RANDOM; CHUNKS; HMAC-ALGO] ---------
>   -------------------- COOKIE-ECHO -------------------->
>   <-------------------- COOKIE-ACK ---------------------
> 
> RFC4895 says that each endpoint therefore knows its own random
> number and the peer's random number *after* the association has
> been established. The local and peer's random number along
> with the shared key are then part of the secret used for
> calculating the HMAC in the AUTH chunk.
> 
> Now, in our scenario, we have 2 threads with 1 non-blocking
> SEQ_PACKET socket each, setting up common shared SCTP_AUTH_KEY
> and SCTP_AUTH_ACTIVE_KEY properly, and each of them calling
> sctp_bindx(3), listen(2) and connect(2) against each other,
> thus the handshake looks similar to this, e.g.:
> 
>   ---------- INIT[RANDOM; CHUNKS; HMAC-ALGO] ---------->
>   <------- INIT-ACK[RANDOM; CHUNKS; HMAC-ALGO] ---------
>   <--------- INIT[RANDOM; CHUNKS; HMAC-ALGO] -----------
>   -------- INIT-ACK[RANDOM; CHUNKS; HMAC-ALGO] -------->
>   ...
> 
> Since such collisions can also happen with verification tags,
> the RFC4895 for AUTH rather vaguely says under section 6.1:
> 
>   In case of INIT collision, the rules governing the handling
>   of this Random Number follow the same pattern as those for
>   the Verification Tag, as explained in Section 5.2.4 of
>   RFC 2960 [5]. Therefore, each endpoint knows its own Random
>   Number and the peer's Random Number after the association
>   has been established.
> 
> In RFC2960, section 5.2.4, we're eventually hitting Action B:
> 
>   B) In this case, both sides may be attempting to start an
>      association at about the same time but the peer endpoint
>      started its INIT after responding to the local endpoint's
>      INIT. Thus it may have picked a new Verification Tag not
>      being aware of the previous Tag it had sent this endpoint.
>      The endpoint should stay in or enter the ESTABLISHED
>      state but it MUST update its peer's Verification Tag from
>      the State Cookie, stop any init or cookie timers that may
>      running and send a COOKIE ACK.
> 
> In other words, the handling of the Random parameter is the
> same as behavior for the Verification Tag as described in
> Action B of section 5.2.4.
> 
> Looking at the code, we exactly hit the sctp_sf_do_dupcook_b()
> case which triggers an SCTP_CMD_UPDATE_ASSOC command to the
> side effect interpreter, and in fact it copies over
> peer_{random, hmacs, chunks} parameter from the newly created
> association to update the existing one.
> 
> Also, the old asoc_shared_key is being released and based on the
> new params, sctp_auth_asoc_init_active_key() updated. However,
> the issue observed in this case is that the previous
> asoc->peer.auth_capable was 0 [note, it was 0 first since
> peer.auth_capable is only being set on reception of INIT],
> and has *not* been updated, so that instead of creating a
> new secret, we're doing an early return from the function
> sctp_auth_asoc_init_active_key() leaving asoc->asoc_shared_key
> as NULL. However, we now have to authenticate chunks from
> the updated chunk list (e.g. COOKIE-ACK, ...).

Why is the original value of asoc->peer.auth_capable = 0?
In case of collision, asoc is the old association that
existed on the system.  That association was created as part of
sending the INIT.  If it is processing a duplicate COOKIE-ECHO
as you say, then it has already processed the INIT-ACK and
should have determined that the peer is auth capable.

Thus the capability of the new and the old associations should
be same if we are in fact processing case B (collision).

If not, then something else if wrong and my guess is that all
other capabilities would be wrong too.

-vlad

> 
> That in fact causes the server side when responding with ...
> 
>   <------------------ AUTH; COOKIE-ACK -----------------
> 
> ... to trigger a NULL pointer dereference, since in
> sctp_packet_transmit(), it discovers that an AUTH chunk is
> being queued for xmit, and thus it calls sctp_auth_calculate_hmac().
> 
> Since the asoc->active_key_id is still inherited from the end
> point, and the same as encoded into the chunk, it uses
> asoc->asoc_shared_key (which is still NULL) as an asoc_key and
> dereferences it in ...
> 
>   crypto_hash_setkey(desc.tfm, &asoc_key->data[0], asoc_key->len)
> 
> ... causing an oops. All this happens because sctp_make_cookie_ack()
> called with the new association has the peer.auth_capable=1 and
> therefore marks the chunk with auth=1 after checking
> sctp_auth_send_cid(), but it is *actually* sent later on over
> the then *updated* association's transport that didn't initialize
> its shared key due to peer.auth_capable=0.
> 
> The correct fix is to update to the new peer.auth_capable
> value as well in the collision case via sctp_assoc_update(),
> so that in case the collision migrated from 0 -> 1,
> sctp_auth_asoc_init_active_key() can properly recalculate
> the secret. This therefore fixes the observed server panic.
> 
> Fixes: 730fc3d05cd4 ("[SCTP]: Implete SCTP-AUTH parameter processing")
> Reported-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@...idianresearch.com>
> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@...hat.com>
> Tested-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@...idianresearch.com>
> ---
>  net/sctp/associola.c | 1 +
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
> 
> diff --git a/net/sctp/associola.c b/net/sctp/associola.c
> index 9de23a2..06a9ee6 100644
> --- a/net/sctp/associola.c
> +++ b/net/sctp/associola.c
> @@ -1097,6 +1097,7 @@ void sctp_assoc_update(struct sctp_association *asoc,
>  	asoc->c = new->c;
>  	asoc->peer.rwnd = new->peer.rwnd;
>  	asoc->peer.sack_needed = new->peer.sack_needed;
> +	asoc->peer.auth_capable = new->peer.auth_capable;
>  	asoc->peer.i = new->peer.i;
>  	sctp_tsnmap_init(&asoc->peer.tsn_map, SCTP_TSN_MAP_INITIAL,
>  			 asoc->peer.i.initial_tsn, GFP_ATOMIC);
> 

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