netdev - [regresssion 4.15] Userspace compilation broken by uapi/linux/if

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Date:   Thu, 25 Jan 2018 15:58:19 +0100
From:   Guillaume Nault <g.nault@...halink.fr>
To:     netdev@...r.kernel.org
Cc:     Hauke Mehrtens <hauke@...ke-m.de>
Subject: [regresssion 4.15] Userspace compilation broken by
 uapi/linux/if_ether.h update

Hi,

Commit 6926e041a892 ("uapi/if_ether.h: prevent redefinition of struct ethhdr"),
can break compilation of userspace programs (in my case, accel-ppp
(https://accel-ppp.org)).

This happens for userspace programs that end up including
linux/if_ether.h, netinet/in.h and linux/in.h in this order:

# cat test_ifether.c
#include <linux/if_ether.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <linux/in.h>

int main(void)
{
	return 0;
}

# gcc test_ifether.c
In file included from test_ifether.c:2:0:
/usr/include/linux/in.h:29:3: error: redeclaration of enumerator ‘IPPROTO_IP’
   IPPROTO_IP = 0,  /* Dummy protocol for TCP  */
   ^
/usr/include/netinet/in.h:42:5: note: previous definition of ‘IPPROTO_IP’ was here
     IPPROTO_IP = 0,    /* Dummy protocol for TCP.  */
     ^~~~~~~~~~

Now that linux/libc-compat.h is included in linux/if_ether.h, it is
processed before netinet/in.h. Therefore, it sets the relevant
__UAPI_DEF_* guards to 1 (as _NETINET_IN_H isn't yet defined).
Then netinet/in.h is included, followed by linux/in.h. The later
doesn't realise that what it defines has already been included by
netinet/in.h because the __UAPI_DEF_* guards were set too early.

Of course the situation is a bit more complicated on real projects, as
these files aren't included directly. For example, in accel-ppp, the
PPPoE module (accel-ppp/accel-pppd/ctrl/pppoe/pppoe.c) uses
#include <net/ethernet.h>   /* includes linux/if_ether.h */
#include <arpa/inet.h>      /* includes netinet/in.h */
#include <linux/if_pppox.h> /* (through pppoe.h), includes linux/in.h */

I don't have a satisfying solution for now, but I'd really like it if
we could avoid shipping a kernel which forces userspace to play with
include files ordering to keep compiling.