Date:   Mon, 5 Mar 2018 13:10:36 -0800
From:   Sarah Newman <srn@...mr.com>
To:     Tariq Toukan <tariqt@...lanox.com>,
        Yishai Hadas <yishaih@...lanox.com>
Cc:     netdev@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH] net/mlx4_en: fix potential use-after-free with
 dma_unmap_page

On 03/05/2018 02:09 AM, Tariq Toukan wrote:
> 
> 
> On 05/03/2018 6:20 AM, Sarah Newman wrote:
>> Take an additional reference to a page whenever it is placed
>> into the rx ring and put the page again after running
>> dma_unmap_page.
>>
>> When swiotlb is in use, calling dma_unmap_page means that
>> the original page mapped with dma_map_page must still be valid,
>> as swiotlb will copy data from its internal cache back to the
>> originally requested DMA location.
>>
>> When GRO is enabled, before this patch all references to the
>> original frag may be put and the page freed before dma_unmap_page
>> in mlx4_en_free_frag is called.
>>
>> It is possible there is a path where the use-after-free occurs
>> even with GRO disabled, but this has not been observed so far.
>>
>> The bug can be trivially detected by doing the following:
>>
>> * Compile the kernel with DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
>> * Run the kernel as a Xen Dom0
>> * Leave GRO enabled on the interface
>> * Run a 10 second or more test with iperf over the interface.
>>
> 
> Hi Sarah, thanks for your patch!
> 
>> This bug was likely introduced in
>> commit 4cce66cdd14a ("mlx4_en: map entire pages to increase throughput"),
>> first part of u3.6.
>>
>> It was incidentally fixed in
>> commit 34db548bfb95 ("mlx4: add page recycling in receive path"),
>> first part of v4.12.
>>
>> This version applies to the v4.9 series.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Sarah Newman <srn@...mr.com>
>> Tested-by: Sarah Newman <srn@...mr.com>
>> ---
>>   drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/en_rx.c   | 39 +++++++++++++++++++++-------
>>   drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/en_tx.c   |  3 ++-
>>   drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/mlx4_en.h |  1 +
>>   3 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/en_rx.c b/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/en_rx.c
>> index bcbb80f..d1fb087 100644
>> --- a/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/en_rx.c
>> +++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/en_rx.c
>> @@ -80,10 +80,14 @@ static int mlx4_alloc_pages(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>       page_alloc->page = page;
>>       page_alloc->dma = dma;
>>       page_alloc->page_offset = 0;
>> +    page_alloc->page_owner = true;
> 
> Do we really need this boolean? I believe the issue can be fixed without it. We need to make sure we hold the correct refcnt at every stage, and
> maintain symmetry between a flow and its inverse.

The reason this was added is because the page address needs to stay around until after dma unmap_page is called, and right now setting page to NULL is
used to indicate that put_page should not be called when frags are freed in mlx4_en_free_frag. So either the code needs to be rearranged so that
dma_unmap_page while page is still set, or some variable needed to be used to indicate whether put_page should be called when the frags are freed.

If dma_unmap_page was called before page was set to NULL, then this variable doesn't need to be added, yes. Then the call to dma_unmap_page in
mlx4_en_free_frag would also be contingent on frags[i].page being set.

There are two places where page is set to NULL without calling dma_unmap_page first, mlx4_en_complete_rx_desc and mlx4_en_xmit_frame.

Is mlx4_en_complete_rx_desc the only place where a call to dma_unmap_page would need to be added? The other place page is set to NULL without a call
to dma_unmap_page first is in mlx4_en_xmit_frame, and I believe there is no call to mlx4_en_free_frag if mlx4_en_xmit_frame executes.

> 
> Upon alloc, refcnt is 1. This alloc refcnt should be inverted by a call to put_page. We might want to introduce a page free API (symmetric to
> mlx4_alloc_pages), that does: dma unmap the page, call put_page, nullify pointer.

That seems reasonable.

> Once alloced, page refcnt is bumped up by the amount of possible frags populating it, which is (page_size / frag_stride), as you do here.
> 
>>       /* Not doing get_page() for each frag is a big win
>>        * on asymetric workloads. Note we can not use atomic_set().
>>        */
>> -    page_ref_add(page, page_alloc->page_size / frag_info->frag_stride - 1);
>> +    /* Since the page must be valid until after dma_unmap_page is called,
>> +     * take an additional reference we would not have otherwise.
>> +     */
>> +    page_ref_add(page, page_alloc->page_size / frag_info->frag_stride);
>>       return 0;
>>   }
>>   @@ -105,9 +109,13 @@ static int mlx4_en_alloc_frags(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>           page_alloc[i].page_offset += frag_info->frag_stride;
>>             if (page_alloc[i].page_offset + frag_info->frag_stride <=
>> -            ring_alloc[i].page_size)
>> -            continue;
>> -
>> +            ring_alloc[i].page_size) {
>> +            WARN_ON(!page_alloc[i].page);
>> +            WARN_ON(!page_alloc[i].page_owner);
> 
> Why WARN before the likely() check?
> Move after the check, for a better performance.

No particular reason.

> 
>> +            if (likely(page_alloc[i].page &&
>> +                   page_alloc[i].page_owner))
>> +                continue;
>> +        }
>>           if (unlikely(mlx4_alloc_pages(priv, &page_alloc[i],
>>                             frag_info, gfp)))
>>               goto out;
>> @@ -131,7 +139,7 @@ static int mlx4_en_alloc_frags(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>               page = page_alloc[i].page;
>>               /* Revert changes done by mlx4_alloc_pages */
>>               page_ref_sub(page, page_alloc[i].page_size /
>> -                       priv->frag_info[i].frag_stride - 1);
>> +                       priv->frag_info[i].frag_stride);
>>               put_page(page);
>>           }
>>       }
>> @@ -146,11 +154,13 @@ static void mlx4_en_free_frag(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>       u32 next_frag_end = frags[i].page_offset + 2 * frag_info->frag_stride;
>>     -    if (next_frag_end > frags[i].page_size)
>> +    if (next_frag_end > frags[i].page_size) {
>>           dma_unmap_page(priv->ddev, frags[i].dma, frags[i].page_size,
>>                      frag_info->dma_dir);
>> +        put_page(frags[i].page);
>> +    }
>>   -    if (frags[i].page)
>> +    if (frags[i].page_owner)
>>           put_page(frags[i].page);
>>   }
>>   @@ -184,9 +194,10 @@ static int mlx4_en_init_allocator(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>           page = page_alloc->page;
>>           /* Revert changes done by mlx4_alloc_pages */
>>           page_ref_sub(page, page_alloc->page_size /
>> -                   priv->frag_info[i].frag_stride - 1);
>> +                   priv->frag_info[i].frag_stride);
>>           put_page(page);
>>           page_alloc->page = NULL;
>> +        page_alloc->page_owner = false;
>>       }
>>       return -ENOMEM;
>>   }
>> @@ -206,12 +217,14 @@ static void mlx4_en_destroy_allocator(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>             dma_unmap_page(priv->ddev, page_alloc->dma,
>>                   page_alloc->page_size, frag_info->dma_dir);
>> +        put_page(page_alloc->page);
> 
> for symmetry, i'd move this after the while loop.

Or use the wrapper function you suggested for dma_unmap_page?

> 
>>           while (page_alloc->page_offset + frag_info->frag_stride <
>>                  page_alloc->page_size) {
>>               put_page(page_alloc->page);
>>               page_alloc->page_offset += frag_info->frag_stride;
>>           }
>>           page_alloc->page = NULL;
>> +        page_alloc->page_owner = false;
>>       }
>>   }
>>   @@ -251,6 +264,11 @@ static int mlx4_en_prepare_rx_desc(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>       if (ring->page_cache.index > 0) {
>>           frags[0] = ring->page_cache.buf[--ring->page_cache.index];
>>           rx_desc->data[0].addr = cpu_to_be64(frags[0].dma);
>> +        WARN_ON(frags[0].page_owner);
>> +        if (likely(!frags[0].page_owner)) {
>> +            page_ref_inc(frags[0].page);
>> +            frags[0].page_owner = true;
>> +        }
> 
> Why? If I'm not mistaken, the page is cached with refcnt == 2. No?

In mlx4_en_deactivate_rx_ring, pages assigned to frames in the page_cache are only put once. If refcnt == 2 when it's inserted, isn't that a memory
leak? I can confirm one way or another if you haven't already.


> 
>>           return 0;
>>       }
>>   @@ -569,6 +587,7 @@ void mlx4_en_deactivate_rx_ring(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>             dma_unmap_page(priv->ddev, frame->dma, frame->page_size,
>>                      priv->frag_info[0].dma_dir);
>> +        WARN_ON(frame->page_owner);
>>           put_page(frame->page);
>>       }
>>       ring->page_cache.index = 0;
>> @@ -595,7 +614,7 @@ static int mlx4_en_complete_rx_desc(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>           frag_info = &priv->frag_info[nr];
>>           if (length <= frag_info->frag_prefix_size)
>>               break;
>> -        if (unlikely(!frags[nr].page))
>> +        if (unlikely(!frags[nr].page_owner))
>>               goto fail;
>>             dma = be64_to_cpu(rx_desc->data[nr].addr);
>> @@ -607,7 +626,7 @@ static int mlx4_en_complete_rx_desc(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>           skb_frag_size_set(&skb_frags_rx[nr], frag_info->frag_size);
>>           skb_frags_rx[nr].page_offset = frags[nr].page_offset;
>>           skb->truesize += frag_info->frag_stride;
>> -        frags[nr].page = NULL;
>> +        frags[nr].page_owner = false;
>>       }
>>       /* Adjust size of last fragment to match actual length */
>>       if (nr > 0)
>> diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/en_tx.c b/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/en_tx.c
>> index e2509bb..25f7f9e 100644
>> --- a/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/en_tx.c
>> +++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/en_tx.c
>> @@ -356,6 +356,7 @@ u32 mlx4_en_recycle_tx_desc(struct mlx4_en_priv *priv,
>>           .dma = tx_info->map0_dma,
>>           .page_offset = 0,
>>           .page_size = PAGE_SIZE,
>> +        .page_owner = false,
> 
> I don't understand why this is needed.

Not strictly needed but there for clarity.

> 
>>       };
>>         if (!mlx4_en_rx_recycle(ring->recycle_ring, &frame)) {
>> @@ -1128,7 +1129,7 @@ netdev_tx_t mlx4_en_xmit_frame(struct mlx4_en_rx_alloc *frame,
>>       dma = frame->dma;
>>         tx_info->page = frame->page;
>> -    frame->page = NULL;
>> +    frame->page_owner = false;
>>       tx_info->map0_dma = dma;
>>       tx_info->map0_byte_count = length;
>>       tx_info->nr_txbb = nr_txbb;
>> diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/mlx4_en.h b/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/mlx4_en.h
>> index df0f396..2c9d9a6 100644
>> --- a/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/mlx4_en.h
>> +++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/mlx4_en.h
>> @@ -261,6 +261,7 @@ struct mlx4_en_rx_alloc {
>>       dma_addr_t    dma;
>>       u32        page_offset;
>>       u32        page_size;
>> +    bool        page_owner;
>>   };
>>     #define MLX4_EN_CACHE_SIZE (2 * NAPI_POLL_WEIGHT)
>>
> 
> Thanks,
> Tariq

Thanks, Sarah

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