Date:   Mon, 20 May 2019 03:54:40 +0000
From:   "Edgecombe, Rick P" <rick.p.edgecombe@...el.com>
To:     "netdev@...r.kernel.org" <netdev@...r.kernel.org>,
        "peterz@...radead.org" <peterz@...radead.org>,
        "linux-mm@...ck.org" <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
        "davem@...emloft.net" <davem@...emloft.net>,
        "sparclinux@...r.kernel.org" <sparclinux@...r.kernel.org>,
        "bpf@...r.kernel.org" <bpf@...r.kernel.org>
CC:     "bp@...en8.de" <bp@...en8.de>, "mroos@...ux.ee" <mroos@...ux.ee>,
        "luto@...nel.org" <luto@...nel.org>,
        "namit@...are.com" <namit@...are.com>,
        "Hansen, Dave" <dave.hansen@...el.com>,
        "mingo@...hat.com" <mingo@...hat.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 1/1] vmalloc: Fix issues with flush flag

Hi,

After investigating this more, I am not positive why this fixes the
issue on sparc. I will continue to investigate as best I can, but would
like to request help from some sparc experts on evaluating my line of
thinking. I think the changes in this patch are still very worthwhile
generally though.


Besides fixing the sparc issue:

1. The fixes for the calculation of the direct map address range are
important on x86 in case a RO direct map alias ever gets loaded into
the TLB. This shouldn't normally happen, but it could cause the
permissions to not get reset on the direct map alias, and then the page
would return from the page allocator to some other component as RO and
cause a crash. This was mostly broken implementing a style suggestion
late in the development. As best I can tell, it shouldn't have any
effect on sparc.

2. Simply flushing the TLB instead of the whole vm_unmap_alias()
operation makes the frees faster and pushes the heavy work to happen on
allocation where it would be more expected. vm_unmap_alias() takes some
locks including a long hold of vmap_purge_lock, which will make all
other VM_FLUSH_RESET_PERMS vfrees wait while the purge operation
happens.


The issue observed on an UltraSparc III system was a hang on boot. The
only significant difference I can find in how Sparc works in this area
is that there is actually special optimization in the TLB flush for
handling vmalloc lazy purge operations.

Some firmware mappings live between the modules and vmalloc ranges, and
if their translations are flushed can cause "hard hangs and crashes
[1]. Additionally in the mix, "sparc64 kernel learns about
openfirmware's dynamic mappings in this region early in the boot, and
then services TLB misses in this area".[1] The firmware protection
logic seems to be in place, however later another change was made in
the lower asm to do a "flush all" if the range was big enough on this
cpu [2]. With the advent of the change this patch addresses, the purge
operations would be happening much earlier than before, with the first
special permissioned vfree, instead of after the machine has been
running for some time and the vmalloc spaces had become fragmented.

So my best theory is that the history of vmalloc lazy purges causing
hangs on the sparc has come into play here somehow, triggered by that
we were doing the purges much earlier. If it was something like this,
the fact that we instead only flush the small allocation itself on
sparc after this patch would be the reason why it fixes it.

Admittedly, there are some missing pieces in the theory. If there are
any sparc architecture experts that can help enlighten me if this
sounds reasonable at all I would really appreciate it.

Thanks,

Rick

[1] https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/376523/
[2] https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/687780/ 

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