phc-discussions - Re: [PHC] Interest in specification of modular crypt format

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Date: Sat, 26 Sep 2015 05:06:00 +0300
From: Solar Designer <solar@...nwall.com>
To: discussions@...sword-hashing.net
Subject: Re: [PHC] Interest in specification of modular crypt format

On Fri, Sep 25, 2015 at 04:32:01AM +0300, Solar Designer wrote:
> For example, by value of first B64 char:
> 
>  0 to 47 - 1 char, range 0 to 47
> 48 to 55 - 2 chars, range 48 to 559 (using 3+6 bits of the two chars)
> 56 to 59 - 3 chars, range 560 to 16943 (2+12 bits)
> 60 to 61 - 4 chars, range 16944 to 541231 (1+18 bits)
> 62       - 5 chars, range 541232 to 17318447 (0+24 bits)
> 63       - 6 chars, range 17318448 to 1091060271 (0+30 bits)

Attached is an implementation of the above.  There are two functions:

char *encode64_uint32(char *dst, size_t dstlen, uint32_t src);
const char *decode64_uint32(uint32_t *dst, const char *src);

encode64_uint32() encodes the number in src into the string pointed to
by dst, and returns a pointer to right after the encoded number.

decode64_uint32() decodes the number in the string src into dst, and
returns a pointer to right after the encoded number.

Both functions return NULL on error.

As you can see, the encoding/decoding functions are quite simple.

The program also includes unit tests for these functions, including
testing them exhaustively on the 32-bit range (yes, including beyond the
expected valid range, making sure the failures outside of that range are
as expected).  All of these tests pass for me.  (I should also add tests
of decode64_uint32() on invalid inputs.)

Build and run the program with:

gcc sim-encode.c -o sim-encode -s -O2 -march=native -fopenmp -Wall && ./sim-encode

The output for a handful of special values is:

0       .
47      j
48      k.
559     rz
560     s..
16943   vzz
16944   w...
541231  xzzz
541232  y....
17318447        yzzzz
17318448        z.....
1091060271      zzzzzz
1091060272      couldn't encode
2147483647      couldn't encode
2147483648      couldn't encode
4294967295      couldn't encode

I chose to use a big-endian order, which felt consistent with use of the
first character to specify the magnitude of the number.

Any comments?

Alexander

View attachment "sim-encode.c" of type "text/x-c" (4701 bytes)