full-disclosure - Re: BSD derived RFC3173 IPComp encapsulation will expand arbitrarily nested payload

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Date: Fri, 1 Apr 2011 05:34:18 -0400
From: Jeffrey Walton <noloader@...il.com>
To: Tavis Ormandy <taviso@...xchg8b.com>
Cc: full-disclosure@...ts.grok.org.uk
Subject: Re: BSD derived RFC3173 IPComp encapsulation will
 expand arbitrarily nested payload

On Fri, Apr 1, 2011 at 4:00 AM, Tavis Ormandy <taviso@...xchg8b.com> wrote:
> BSD derived RFC3173 IPComp encapsulation will expand arbitrarily nested payload
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Gruezi, this document describes CVE-2011-1547.
>
> RFC3173 ip payload compression, henceforth ipcomp, is a protocol intended to
> provide compression of ip datagrams, and is commonly used alongside IPSec
> (although there is no requirement to do so).
>
> An ipcomp datagram consists of an ip header with ip->ip_p set to 108, followed
> by a 32 bit ipcomp header, described in C syntax below.
>
> struct ipcomp {
>    uint8_t     comp_nxt;       // Next Header
>    uint8_t     comp_flags;     // Reserved
>    uint16_t    comp_cpi;       // Compression Parameter Index
> };
>
> The Compression Parameter Index indicates which compression algorithm was used
> to compress the ipcomp payload, which is expanded and then routed as requested.
> Although the CPI field is 16 bits wide, in reality only 1 algorithm is widely
> implemented, RFC1951 DEFLATE (cpi=2).
>
> It's well documented that ipcomp can be used to traverse perimeter filtering,
> however this document discusses potential implementation flaws observed in
> popular stacks.
>
> The IPComp implementation originating from NetBSD/KAME implements injection of
> unpacked payloads like so:
>
>    algo = ipcomp_algorithm_lookup(cpi);
>
>    /* ... */
>
>    error = (*algo->decompress)(m, m->m_next, &newlen);
>
>    /* ... */
>
>    if (nxt != IPPROTO_DONE) {
>        if ((inetsw[ip_protox[nxt]].pr_flags & PR_LASTHDR) != 0 &&
>            ipsec4_in_reject(m, NULL)) {
>            IPSEC_STATINC(IPSEC_STAT_IN_POLVIO);
>            goto fail;
>        }
>        (*inetsw[ip_protox[nxt]].pr_input)(m, off, nxt);
>    } else
>        m_freem(m);
>
>    /* ... */
>
> Where inetsw[] contains definitions for supported protocols, and nxt is a
> protocol number, usually associated with ip->ip_p (see
> http://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers/protocol-numbers.xml), but in
> this case from ipcomp->comp_nxt. m is the mbuf structure adjusted to point to
> the unpacked payload.
>
> The unpacked packet is dispatched to the appropriate protocol handler
> directly from the ipcomp protocol handler. This recursive implementation fails
> to check for stack overflow, and is therefore vulnerable to a remote
> pre-authentication kernel memory corruption vulnerability.
>
> The NetBSD/KAME network stack is used as basis for various other
> operating systems, such as Xnu, FTOS, various embedded devices and
> network appliances, and earlier versions of FreeBSD/OpenBSD (the code
> has since been refactored, but see the NOTES section regarding IPComp
> quines, which still permit remote, pre-authentication, single-packet,
> spoofed-source DoS in the latest versions).
>
> The Xnu port of this code is close to the original, where the decompressed
> payload is recursively injected back into the toplevel ip dispatcher. The
> implementation is otherwise similar, and some alterations to the testcase
> provided for NetBSD should make it work. This is left as an exercise for the
> interested reader.
>
Isn't this OK as long as the evil bit (RFC 3514) is not set?

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