Message-ID: <CAOm4KJW+A9kE0J6v1gKqfcdzHwBMBN6S89fr21Egt67qK52_yQ@mail.gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Apr 2015 15:55:58 +0300
From: Jouko Pynnonen <jouko@....fi>
To: fulldisclosure@...lists.org
Subject: [FD] Google Analytics by Yoast stored XSS #2

*Overview*

Google Analytics by Yoast is one of the most popular WordPress plug-ins
with over 7 million downloads and "1+ million" active installs. Last month
Yoast patched a stored XSS we reported in the plug-in. Shortly after this
we identified another bug of a similar severity. The second stored XSS has
now been corrected.

An unauthenticated attacker can store JavaScript in the WordPress
administrator’s Dashboard on the target system. The script will be
triggered when an administrator views the Analytics panel next time. No
other user interaction is required.

Under default configuration the injected script can execute arbitrary code
on the web server via the plugin or theme editors.

Alternatively the attacker could change the administrator’s password,
create new administrator accounts, and do whatever else the currently
logged-in administrator can do on the target system.




*Details*
Exploiting the bug is easier to carry out and automate than in the first
case. The most simple exploit is to view a page on the target system so
many times that it ends up in the "Popular pages" section of the Analytics
panel. Any HTML tags appended in the page URL will be embedded without
escaping.

If the site is low-traffic or hasn't got much content, a single page load
may suffice. On heavy-traffic sites the attacker would have to use a tool,
script, or other method to generate a lot of page views.

It's possible to generate fake page views for Google Analytics. This
happens by communicating directly to the Analytics server; no genuine page
views or a real web browser would be required to plant the malicious script.

While the previous vulnerability could be used to inject JavaScript in the
plugin's Settings panel (requiring two clicks from the WordPress main
Dashboard view), this one is triggered in the main Analytics panel.
Selecting the Analytics view in the Dashboard would suffice to execute the
attacker's code (one click from the WordPress main Dashboard).

The plug-in doesn't aggregate Google Analytics data more frequently than
once per day so the attacker may have to wait some time for the injected
code to get triggered.




*Proof of Concept*
While not logged on, navigate to an URL like:

    http://YOUR.BLOG/?html=<script>alert('hello')</script>

Log on and view the Analytics panel in the Dashboard. If you already had
visited the Dashboard recently, you may have to wait for the next data
aggregation.




*Solution*
The vendor was notified on March 22, 2015. A new version of the plug-in
(5.4) was released on April 20. The update can be installed via the
WordPress Dashboard.




*Credits*
The vulnerability was discovered by Jouko Pynnönen of Klikki Oy while
investigating websites in the scope of Facebook’s bug bounty program.

A Facebook acquisition listed on their bug bounty info page was affected by
both of the stored XSS vulnerabilities in this plugin. While Facebook
agreed on the technical severity of the bugs (stored XSS which "potentially
allowed an attacker to achieve RCE"), no bounty was issued.

In the three published remote code execution bug cases I could find (which
include indirect or "potential" RCE's) Facebook issued rewards ranging from
$15,000 to $33,500.

The rationale for denying bounties this time was that the vulnerabilities
affected WordPress instead of Facebook-specific software and no "user data"
or Facebook-owned infrastructure was involved.

Facebook has previously qualified WordPress bugs (e.g. WPML) and bugs that
don't involve "user data" (e.g. aconnectedlife.info) nor Facebook-owned
infrastructure (Oculus, aconnectedlife.info, Onavo DNS misconfiguration,
etc).

It was therefore surprising that after taking appropriate steps to secure
their systems, Facebook decided that these bug reports weren't worth any
reward at all.

An up-to-date version (including a YouTube demo) of this document can be
found at http://klikki.fi/adv/yoast_analytics2.html .



-- 
Jouko Pynnonen <jouko@....fi>
Klikki Oy - http://klikki.fi - @klikkioy

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