full-disclosure - [FD] [SYSS-2016-074] Logitech Wireless Presenter R400 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity (CWE-345), Keystroke Injection Vulnerability

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Message-Id: <20161012074703.0079624CF@ack.nmap.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 09:28:00 +0200
From: Matthias Deeg <matthias.deeg@...s.de>
To: <fulldisclosure@...lists.org>
Subject: [FD] [SYSS-2016-074] Logitech Wireless Presenter R400 -
 Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity (CWE-345),
 Keystroke Injection Vulnerability

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Advisory ID: SYSS-2016-074
Product: Wireless Presenter R400
Manufacturer: Logitech
Affected Version(s): Model R-R0008
Tested Version(s): Model R-R0008
Vulnerability Type: Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity (CWE-345)
                    Keystroke Injection Vulnerability
Risk Level: High
Solution Status: Open
Manufacturer Notification: 2016-08-12
Solution Date: -
Public Disclosure: 2016-10-12
CVE Reference: Not yet assigned
Authors of Advisory: Matthias Deeg (SySS GmbH)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Overview:

Logitech R400 is a wireless presenter using 2.4 GHz radio communication.

The manufacturer describes the product as follows (see [1]):

"Intuitive controls and red laser pointer make presentations a snap,
even in the darkest auditoriums."

Due to unencrypted and unauthenticated data communication, the wireless
presenter Logitech R400 is prone to keystroke injection attacks.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Vulnerability Details:

The SySS GmbH found out that the wireless presenter Logitech R400 is
vulnerable to keystroke injection attacks.

An attacker can analyze the unencrypted and unauthenticated  data
packets of the 2.4 GHz radio communication sent by the wireless
presenter to the receiver (USB dongle) in order to learn the used
protocol. By knowing the used data protocol, it is possible to inject
packets in the data communication that are actually interpreted as
keystrokes by the receiver on the target system.

Thus, an attacker is able to send arbitrary keystrokes to a victim's
computer system, for example in order to install malware when the target
system is unattended. In this way, an attacker can remotely take control
over the victim's computer that is operated with an affected receiver of
a Logitech R400 wireless presenter.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Proof of Concept (PoC):

The SySS GmbH could successfully perform keystroke injection attacks
against the wireless presenter Logitech R400 using an in-house developed
software tool in combination with the USB radio dongle Crazyradio PA
and the nrf-research-firmware by Bastille Networks Internet Security
(see [2] and [3]).

The following output of the developed proof-of-concept software tool
illustrates a successful attack:

# python logitech_presenter.py -a 77:E3:96:AC:07
        _____  ______ ___  _  _     _____  _                      _
       |  __ \|  ____|__ \| || |   |  __ \| |                    | |
  _ __ | |__) | |__     ) | || |_  | |__) | | __ _ _   _ ___  ___| |_
 | '_ \|  _  /|  __|   / /|__   _| |  ___/| |/ _` | | | / __|/ _ \ __|
 | | | | | \ \| |     / /_   | |   | |    | | (_| | |_| \__ \  __/ |_
 |_| |_|_|  \_\_|    |____|  |_|   |_|    |_|\__,_|\__, |___/\___|\__|
                                                    __/ |
                                                   |___/
Logitech Wireless Presenter Attack Tool v1.0 by Matthias Deeg - SySS
GmbH (c) 2016
[*] Configure nRF24 radio
[*] Scanning for Logitech wireless presenter ...
[+] Found nRF24 device with address 77:E3:96:AC:07 on channel 32
[*] Press <CTRL+C> to start keystroke injection
^C
[*] Start keystroke injection ...
[*] Done.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Solution:

The SySS GmbH is not aware of a solution for this reported security
vulnerability.

For further information please contact the manufacturer.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Disclosure Timeline:

2016-08-12: Vulnerability reported to manufacturer
2016-10-12: Public release of the security advisory

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

References:

[1] Product website for Logitech R400
    http://www.logitech.com/en-us/product/wireless-presenter-r400
[2] Product website for Crazyradio PA
    https://www.bitcraze.io/crazyradio-pa/
[3] Bastille's nRF24 research firmware and tools
    https://github.com/BastilleResearch/nrf-research-firmware
[4] SySS Security Advisory SYSS-2016-074

https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Publikationen/Advisories/SYSS-2016-074.txt
[5] SySS Responsible Disclosure Policy
    https://www.syss.de/en/responsible-disclosure-policy/

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Credits:

This security vulnerability was found by Matthias Deeg of the SySS GmbH.

E-Mail: matthias.deeg (at) syss.de
Public Key:
https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Materialien/PGPKeys/Matthias_Deeg.asc
Key fingerprint = D1F0 A035 F06C E675 CDB9 0514 D9A4 BF6A 34AD 4DAB

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Disclaimer:

The information provided in this security advisory is provided "as is"
and without warranty of any kind. Details of this security advisory may
be updated in order to provide as accurate information as possible. The
latest version of this security advisory is available on the SySS Web
site.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Copyright:

Creative Commons - Attribution (by) - Version 3.0
URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en

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