linux-cve-announce - CVE-2022-49440: powerpc/rtas: Keep MSR[RI] set when calling RTAS

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Message-ID: <2025022657-CVE-2022-49440-6751@gregkh>
Date: Wed, 26 Feb 2025 03:11:54 +0100
From: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>
To: linux-cve-announce@...r.kernel.org
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>
Subject: CVE-2022-49440: powerpc/rtas: Keep MSR[RI] set when calling RTAS

Description
===========

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

powerpc/rtas: Keep MSR[RI] set when calling RTAS

RTAS runs in real mode (MSR[DR] and MSR[IR] unset) and in 32-bit big
endian mode (MSR[SF,LE] unset).

The change in MSR is done in enter_rtas() in a relatively complex way,
since the MSR value could be hardcoded.

Furthermore, a panic has been reported when hitting the watchdog interrupt
while running in RTAS, this leads to the following stack trace:

  watchdog: CPU 24 Hard LOCKUP
  watchdog: CPU 24 TB:997512652051031, last heartbeat TB:997504470175378 (15980ms ago)
  ...
  Supported: No, Unreleased kernel
  CPU: 24 PID: 87504 Comm: drmgr Kdump: loaded Tainted: G            E  X    5.14.21-150400.71.1.bz196362_2-default #1 SLE15-SP4 (unreleased) 0d821077ef4faa8dfaf370efb5fdca1fa35f4e2c
  NIP:  000000001fb41050 LR: 000000001fb4104c CTR: 0000000000000000
  REGS: c00000000fc33d60 TRAP: 0100   Tainted: G            E  X     (5.14.21-150400.71.1.bz196362_2-default)
  MSR:  8000000002981000 <SF,VEC,VSX,ME>  CR: 48800002  XER: 20040020
  CFAR: 000000000000011c IRQMASK: 1
  GPR00: 0000000000000003 ffffffffffffffff 0000000000000001 00000000000050dc
  GPR04: 000000001ffb6100 0000000000000020 0000000000000001 000000001fb09010
  GPR08: 0000000020000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
  GPR12: 80040000072a40a8 c00000000ff8b680 0000000000000007 0000000000000034
  GPR16: 000000001fbf6e94 000000001fbf6d84 000000001fbd1db0 000000001fb3f008
  GPR20: 000000001fb41018 ffffffffffffffff 000000000000017f fffffffffffff68f
  GPR24: 000000001fb18fe8 000000001fb3e000 000000001fb1adc0 000000001fb1cf40
  GPR28: 000000001fb26000 000000001fb460f0 000000001fb17f18 000000001fb17000
  NIP [000000001fb41050] 0x1fb41050
  LR [000000001fb4104c] 0x1fb4104c
  Call Trace:
  Instruction dump:
  XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
  XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
  Oops: Unrecoverable System Reset, sig: 6 [#1]
  LE PAGE_SIZE=64K MMU=Hash SMP NR_CPUS=2048 NUMA pSeries
  ...
  Supported: No, Unreleased kernel
  CPU: 24 PID: 87504 Comm: drmgr Kdump: loaded Tainted: G            E  X    5.14.21-150400.71.1.bz196362_2-default #1 SLE15-SP4 (unreleased) 0d821077ef4faa8dfaf370efb5fdca1fa35f4e2c
  NIP:  000000001fb41050 LR: 000000001fb4104c CTR: 0000000000000000
  REGS: c00000000fc33d60 TRAP: 0100   Tainted: G            E  X     (5.14.21-150400.71.1.bz196362_2-default)
  MSR:  8000000002981000 <SF,VEC,VSX,ME>  CR: 48800002  XER: 20040020
  CFAR: 000000000000011c IRQMASK: 1
  GPR00: 0000000000000003 ffffffffffffffff 0000000000000001 00000000000050dc
  GPR04: 000000001ffb6100 0000000000000020 0000000000000001 000000001fb09010
  GPR08: 0000000020000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
  GPR12: 80040000072a40a8 c00000000ff8b680 0000000000000007 0000000000000034
  GPR16: 000000001fbf6e94 000000001fbf6d84 000000001fbd1db0 000000001fb3f008
  GPR20: 000000001fb41018 ffffffffffffffff 000000000000017f fffffffffffff68f
  GPR24: 000000001fb18fe8 000000001fb3e000 000000001fb1adc0 000000001fb1cf40
  GPR28: 000000001fb26000 000000001fb460f0 000000001fb17f18 000000001fb17000
  NIP [000000001fb41050] 0x1fb41050
  LR [000000001fb4104c] 0x1fb4104c
  Call Trace:
  Instruction dump:
  XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
  XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
  ---[ end trace 3ddec07f638c34a2 ]---

This happens because MSR[RI] is unset when entering RTAS but there is no
valid reason to not set it here.

RTAS is expected to be called with MSR[RI] as specified in PAPR+ section
"7.2.1 Machine State":

  R1–7.2.1–9. If called with MSR[RI] equal to 1, then RTAS must protect
  its own critical regions from recursion by setting the MSR[RI] bit to
  0 when in the critical regions.

Fixing this by reviewing the way MSR is compute before calling RTAS. Now a
hardcoded value meaning real mode, 32 bits big endian mode and Recoverable
Interrupt is loaded. In the case MSR[S] is set, it will remain set while
entering RTAS as only urfid can unset it (thanks Fabiano).

In addition a check is added in do_enter_rtas() to detect calls made with
MSR[RI] unset, as we are forcing it on later.

This patch has been tested on the following machines:
Power KVM Guest
  P8 S822L (host Ubuntu kernel 5.11.0-49-generic)
PowerVM LPAR
  P8 9119-MME (FW860.A1)
  p9 9008-22L (FW950.00)
  P10 9080-HEX (FW1010.00)

The Linux kernel CVE team has assigned CVE-2022-49440 to this issue.


Affected and fixed versions
===========================

	Fixed in 5.15.46 with commit 5ca40fcf0da0ce2b5bc44e7d8b036535955f2e3d
	Fixed in 5.17.14 with commit 5f4367448f6817c8a0e94dc9736ed84fa8eee4a3
	Fixed in 5.18.3 with commit c9c41f0273826a13ac93124e66a4ff45df281ba0
	Fixed in 5.19 with commit b6b1c3ce06ca438eb24e0f45bf0e63ecad0369f5

Please see https://www.kernel.org for a full list of currently supported
kernel versions by the kernel community.

Unaffected versions might change over time as fixes are backported to
older supported kernel versions.  The official CVE entry at
	https://cve.org/CVERecord/?id=CVE-2022-49440
will be updated if fixes are backported, please check that for the most
up to date information about this issue.


Affected files
==============

The file(s) affected by this issue are:
	arch/powerpc/kernel/entry_64.S
	arch/powerpc/kernel/rtas.c


Mitigation
==========

The Linux kernel CVE team recommends that you update to the latest
stable kernel version for this, and many other bugfixes.  Individual
changes are never tested alone, but rather are part of a larger kernel
release.  Cherry-picking individual commits is not recommended or
supported by the Linux kernel community at all.  If however, updating to
the latest release is impossible, the individual changes to resolve this
issue can be found at these commits:
	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5ca40fcf0da0ce2b5bc44e7d8b036535955f2e3d
	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f4367448f6817c8a0e94dc9736ed84fa8eee4a3
	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9c41f0273826a13ac93124e66a4ff45df281ba0
	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b6b1c3ce06ca438eb24e0f45bf0e63ecad0369f5