linux-cve-announce - CVE-2025-37786: net: dsa: free routing table on probe failure

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Message-ID: <2025050118-CVE-2025-37786-cbe7@gregkh>
Date: Thu,  1 May 2025 15:07:33 +0200
From: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>
To: linux-cve-announce@...r.kernel.org
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...nel.org>
Subject: CVE-2025-37786: net: dsa: free routing table on probe failure

From: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...nel.org>

Description
===========

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: dsa: free routing table on probe failure

If complete = true in dsa_tree_setup(), it means that we are the last
switch of the tree which is successfully probing, and we should be
setting up all switches from our probe path.

After "complete" becomes true, dsa_tree_setup_cpu_ports() or any
subsequent function may fail. If that happens, the entire tree setup is
in limbo: the first N-1 switches have successfully finished probing
(doing nothing but having allocated persistent memory in the tree's
dst->ports, and maybe dst->rtable), and switch N failed to probe, ending
the tree setup process before anything is tangible from the user's PoV.

If switch N fails to probe, its memory (ports) will be freed and removed
from dst->ports. However, the dst->rtable elements pointing to its ports,
as created by dsa_link_touch(), will remain there, and will lead to
use-after-free if dereferenced.

If dsa_tree_setup_switches() returns -EPROBE_DEFER, which is entirely
possible because that is where ds->ops->setup() is, we get a kasan
report like this:

==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mv88e6xxx_setup_upstream_port+0x240/0x568
Read of size 8 at addr ffff000004f56020 by task kworker/u8:3/42

Call trace:
 __asan_report_load8_noabort+0x20/0x30
 mv88e6xxx_setup_upstream_port+0x240/0x568
 mv88e6xxx_setup+0xebc/0x1eb0
 dsa_register_switch+0x1af4/0x2ae0
 mv88e6xxx_register_switch+0x1b8/0x2a8
 mv88e6xxx_probe+0xc4c/0xf60
 mdio_probe+0x78/0xb8
 really_probe+0x2b8/0x5a8
 __driver_probe_device+0x164/0x298
 driver_probe_device+0x78/0x258
 __device_attach_driver+0x274/0x350

Allocated by task 42:
 __kasan_kmalloc+0x84/0xa0
 __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x298/0x490
 dsa_switch_touch_ports+0x174/0x3d8
 dsa_register_switch+0x800/0x2ae0
 mv88e6xxx_register_switch+0x1b8/0x2a8
 mv88e6xxx_probe+0xc4c/0xf60
 mdio_probe+0x78/0xb8
 really_probe+0x2b8/0x5a8
 __driver_probe_device+0x164/0x298
 driver_probe_device+0x78/0x258
 __device_attach_driver+0x274/0x350

Freed by task 42:
 __kasan_slab_free+0x48/0x68
 kfree+0x138/0x418
 dsa_register_switch+0x2694/0x2ae0
 mv88e6xxx_register_switch+0x1b8/0x2a8
 mv88e6xxx_probe+0xc4c/0xf60
 mdio_probe+0x78/0xb8
 really_probe+0x2b8/0x5a8
 __driver_probe_device+0x164/0x298
 driver_probe_device+0x78/0x258
 __device_attach_driver+0x274/0x350

The simplest way to fix the bug is to delete the routing table in its
entirety. dsa_tree_setup_routing_table() has no problem in regenerating
it even if we deleted links between ports other than those of switch N,
because dsa_link_touch() first checks whether the port pair already
exists in dst->rtable, allocating if not.

The deletion of the routing table in its entirety already exists in
dsa_tree_teardown(), so refactor that into a function that can also be
called from the tree setup error path.

In my analysis of the commit to blame, it is the one which added
dsa_link elements to dst->rtable. Prior to that, each switch had its own
ds->rtable which is freed when the switch fails to probe. But the tree
is potentially persistent memory.

The Linux kernel CVE team has assigned CVE-2025-37786 to this issue.


Affected and fixed versions
===========================

	Issue introduced in 5.5 with commit c5f51765a1f60b701840544faf3ca63204b8dc3c and fixed in 6.6.88 with commit fb12b460ec46c9efad98de6d9ba349691db51dc7
	Issue introduced in 5.5 with commit c5f51765a1f60b701840544faf3ca63204b8dc3c and fixed in 6.12.25 with commit 5c8066fbdb9653c6e9a224bdcd8f9c91a484f0de
	Issue introduced in 5.5 with commit c5f51765a1f60b701840544faf3ca63204b8dc3c and fixed in 6.14.4 with commit a038f5f15af455dfe35bc68549e02b950978700a
	Issue introduced in 5.5 with commit c5f51765a1f60b701840544faf3ca63204b8dc3c and fixed in 6.15-rc3 with commit 8bf108d7161ffc6880ad13a0cc109de3cf631727

Please see https://www.kernel.org for a full list of currently supported
kernel versions by the kernel community.

Unaffected versions might change over time as fixes are backported to
older supported kernel versions.  The official CVE entry at
	https://cve.org/CVERecord/?id=CVE-2025-37786
will be updated if fixes are backported, please check that for the most
up to date information about this issue.


Affected files
==============

The file(s) affected by this issue are:
	net/dsa/dsa.c


Mitigation
==========

The Linux kernel CVE team recommends that you update to the latest
stable kernel version for this, and many other bugfixes.  Individual
changes are never tested alone, but rather are part of a larger kernel
release.  Cherry-picking individual commits is not recommended or
supported by the Linux kernel community at all.  If however, updating to
the latest release is impossible, the individual changes to resolve this
issue can be found at these commits:
	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fb12b460ec46c9efad98de6d9ba349691db51dc7
	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5c8066fbdb9653c6e9a224bdcd8f9c91a484f0de
	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a038f5f15af455dfe35bc68549e02b950978700a
	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8bf108d7161ffc6880ad13a0cc109de3cf631727