linux-cve-announce - CVE-2025-40130: scsi: ufs: core: Fix data race in CPU latency PM QoS request handling

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Message-ID: <2025111254-CVE-2025-40130-c057@gregkh>
Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2025 19:24:06 +0900
From: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>
To: linux-cve-announce@...r.kernel.org
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...nel.org>
Subject: CVE-2025-40130: scsi: ufs: core: Fix data race in CPU latency PM QoS request handling

From: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...nel.org>

Description
===========

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

scsi: ufs: core: Fix data race in CPU latency PM QoS request handling

The cpu_latency_qos_add/remove/update_request interfaces lack internal
synchronization by design, requiring the caller to ensure thread safety.
The current implementation relies on the 'pm_qos_enabled' flag, which is
insufficient to prevent concurrent access and cannot serve as a proper
synchronization mechanism. This has led to data races and list
corruption issues.

A typical race condition call trace is:

[Thread A]
ufshcd_pm_qos_exit()
  --> cpu_latency_qos_remove_request()
    --> cpu_latency_qos_apply();
      --> pm_qos_update_target()
        --> plist_del              <--(1) delete plist node
    --> memset(req, 0, sizeof(*req));
  --> hba->pm_qos_enabled = false;

[Thread B]
ufshcd_devfreq_target
  --> ufshcd_devfreq_scale
    --> ufshcd_scale_clks
      --> ufshcd_pm_qos_update     <--(2) pm_qos_enabled is true
        --> cpu_latency_qos_update_request
          --> pm_qos_update_target
            --> plist_del          <--(3) plist node use-after-free

Introduces a dedicated mutex to serialize PM QoS operations, preventing
data races and ensuring safe access to PM QoS resources, including sysfs
interface reads.

The Linux kernel CVE team has assigned CVE-2025-40130 to this issue.


Affected and fixed versions
===========================

	Issue introduced in 6.9 with commit 2777e73fc154e2e87233bdcc0e2402b33815198e and fixed in 6.17.3 with commit d9df61afb8d23c475f1be3c714da2c34c156ab01
	Issue introduced in 6.9 with commit 2777e73fc154e2e87233bdcc0e2402b33815198e and fixed in 6.18-rc1 with commit 79dde5f7dc7c038eec903745dc1550cd4139980e

Please see https://www.kernel.org for a full list of currently supported
kernel versions by the kernel community.

Unaffected versions might change over time as fixes are backported to
older supported kernel versions.  The official CVE entry at
	https://cve.org/CVERecord/?id=CVE-2025-40130
will be updated if fixes are backported, please check that for the most
up to date information about this issue.


Affected files
==============

The file(s) affected by this issue are:
	drivers/ufs/core/ufs-sysfs.c
	drivers/ufs/core/ufshcd.c
	include/ufs/ufshcd.h


Mitigation
==========

The Linux kernel CVE team recommends that you update to the latest
stable kernel version for this, and many other bugfixes.  Individual
changes are never tested alone, but rather are part of a larger kernel
release.  Cherry-picking individual commits is not recommended or
supported by the Linux kernel community at all.  If however, updating to
the latest release is impossible, the individual changes to resolve this
issue can be found at these commits:
	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d9df61afb8d23c475f1be3c714da2c34c156ab01
	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/79dde5f7dc7c038eec903745dc1550cd4139980e