Date:	Sat, 04 Aug 2012 12:46:04 +0800
From:	Wang Sheng-Hui <shhuiw@...il.com>
To:	djwong@...ibm.com
CC:	Theodore Ts'o <tytso@....edu>,
	linux-ext4 <linux-ext4@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: How to understand get_dx_countlimit?

On 2012年08月04日 02:33, Darrick J. Wong wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 01, 2012 at 10:50:25PM +0800, Wang Sheng-Hui wrote:
>> Dear all,
>>
>> Sorry to trouble you! 
>>
>> I'm confused by the namei.c/get_dx_countlimit.
>> This function seems support metadata checksum for dir/dx.
>>
>> I wonder what kind of dirent would meet:
>>
>>     le16_to_cpu(dirent->rec_len) == EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE(inode->i_sb)
>>
>> The tail dirent of one dir block?
> 
> This case usually indicates that there's one big "empty" dirent that's hiding
> some dx hash tree data.  These ought to be non-root dx tree nodes.
> 
>> And the case "le16_to_cpu(dirent->rec_len) == 12"?
> 
> In a hashed directory, the first block (i.e. the root of the dx tree, if there
> even is a tree) uses the first 24 bytes to present dirents for "." and "..".  The
> remaining space is a big "empty" dirent that hides the root of the dx tree.
> 
>> I suspect these kinds of dirents are the tail ones, but
>> I cannot figure out the physical layout for one dir block
>> with metadat checksum, e.g in which case we would have dirents
>> meet the conditions in the function get_dx_countlimit?
> 
> FYI, there's some (slightly out of date) additional reference data at
> https://ext4.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Ext4_Disk_Layout.
> 
> Before hashed directories, a directory file consisted of variable-length
> dirents that weren't in any particular order.  The dirents are packed in
> such a way that they do not cross $BLOCKSIZE (usually 4KiB) boundaries.  To add
> metadata checksumming to one of these classic dirent blocks, I create an empty
> "dirent" in the last 12 bytes of the block that looks deleted, and stuff the
> crc32 into the name field.  Obviously, if there's no room in the block then
> e2fsck has to rebuild the directory.
> 
> When hashed directories were added, it was desired to retrofit them into the
> existing directory file structure in such a way that the old code could read
> the directory file without getting confused by the tree data.  Furthermore, it
> was decided that tree data should not be mixed in with regular dirents, i.e.
> given a block in a directory, it either contains tree data or dirents pointing
> to inodes, but not both.
> 
> To accomplish that, a block containing tree data is given a dirent header that
> doesn't point to an inode ("null dirent"), since dirents that don't point to
> valid inodes are skipped over by the old ext2 code.  The dirent header claims
> to take up all the space in the block, and the tree data goes in the space that
> normally stores the file name.  If metadata checksumming is enabled, the last
> dx_entry in the tree block is reserved for storing the checksum.
> 
> There is one exception to what I just wrote -- the old ext2 code expects the
> first block of a directory file to contain (at offset zero) two dirents
> pointing to "." and "..".  Therefore, the root of the tree is encapsulated
> inside a null dirent (just like the non-root nodes, as I describe above) but
> the null dirent begins 24 bytes into that first block, instead of at the very
> beginning of the block.
> 
> Hope that doesn't muddy the situation any more....
> 
> --D

Thanks a lot, Darrick!

Regards,
Sheng-Hui
>>
>> Any explanations are welcomed!
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Sheng-Hui
>>
> 


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