Date:	Tue, 26 Sep 2006 14:04:14 -0400
From:	Mathieu Desnoyers <compudj@...stal.dyndns.org>
To:	Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@...p.org>
Cc:	Martin Bligh <mbligh@...gle.com>,
	"Frank Ch. Eigler" <fche@...hat.com>,
	Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@...achi.com>,
	prasanna@...ibm.com, Andrew Morton <akpm@...l.org>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>, Paul Mundt <lethal@...ux-sh.org>,
	linux-kernel <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Jes Sorensen <jes@....com>, Tom Zanussi <zanussi@...ibm.com>,
	Richard J Moore <richardj_moore@...ibm.com>,
	Michel Dagenais <michel.dagenais@...ymtl.ca>,
	Christoph Hellwig <hch@...radead.org>,
	Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...e.de>,
	Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
	William Cohen <wcohen@...hat.com>, ltt-dev@...fik.org,
	systemtap@...rces.redhat.com, Alan Cox <alan@...rguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
	Karim Yaghmour <karim@...rsys.com>,
	Pavel Machek <pavel@...e.cz>, Joe Perches <joe@...ches.com>,
	"Randy.Dunlap" <rdunlap@...otime.net>,
	"Jose R. Santos" <jrs@...ibm.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] Linux Kernel Markers 0.13 for 2.6.17

Hi,

Ok, so as far as I can see, we can only control the execution flow by modifying
values in the output list of the asm.

Do you think the following would work ?


#define MARK_JUMP(name, format, args...) \
        do { \
                char condition; \
                asm volatile(   ".section .markers, \"a\";\n\t" \
                                        ".long 0f;\n\t" \
                                        ".previous;\n\t" \
                                        "0:\n\t" \
                                        "movb $0,%1;\n\t" \
                                : "+m" (__marker_sequencer), \
                                "=r" (condition) : ); \
                if(unlikely(condition)) { \
                        MARK_CALL(name, format, ## args); \
                } \
        } while(0)

The jump is left to gcc, we only modify an immediate value (a byte) to change
the selection. The is no memory load involved on the fast path :

...
   6:   b0 00                   mov    $0x0,%al
   8:   84 c0                   test   %al,%al
   a:   75 07                   jne    13 <my_open+0x13>
   c:   b8 ff ff ff ff          mov    $0xffffffff,%eax
  11:   c9                      leave  
  12:   c3                      ret    
  13:   b8 01 00 00 00          mov    $0x1,%eax
  18:   e8 fc ff ff ff          call   19 <my_open+0x19>
  1d:   c7 44 24 0c 00 00 00    movl   $0x0,0xc(%esp)
  24:   00 
  25:   c7 44 24 08 06 00 00    movl   $0x6,0x8(%esp)
  2c:   00 
  2d:   c7 44 24 04 02 00 00    movl   $0x2,0x4(%esp)
  34:   00 
  35:   c7 04 24 0c 00 00 00    movl   $0xc,(%esp)
  3c:   ff 15 94 00 00 00       call   *0x94
  42:   b8 01 00 00 00          mov    $0x1,%eax
  47:   e8 fc ff ff ff          call   48 <my_open+0x48>
  4c:   eb be                   jmp    c <my_open+0xc>


Mathieu

* Jeremy Fitzhardinge (jeremy@...p.org) wrote:
> Mathieu Desnoyers wrote:
> >>Mathieu Desnoyers wrote:
> >>    
> >>>To protect code from being preempted, the macros preempt_disable and
> >>>preempt_enable must normally be used. Logically, this macro must make 
> >>>sure gcc
> >>>doesn't interleave preemptible code and non-preemptible code.
> >>> 
> >>>      
> >>No, it only needs to prevent globally visible side-effects from being 
> >>moved into/out of preemptable blocks.  In practice that means memory 
> >>updates (including the implicit ones that calls to external functions 
> >>are assumed to make).
> >>
> >>    
> >>>Which makes me think that if I put barriers around my asm, call, asm 
> >>>trio, no
> >>>other code will be interleaved. Is it right ?
> >>> 
> >>>      
> >>No global side effects, but code with local side effects could be moved 
> >>around without changing the meaning of preempt.
> >>
> >>For example:
> >>
> >>	int foo;
> >>	extern int global;
> >>
> >>	foo = some_function();
> >>
> >>	foo += 42;
> >>
> >>	preempt_disable();
> >>	// stuff
> >>	preempt_enable();
> >>
> >>	global = foo;
> >>	foo += other_thing();
> >>
> >>Assume here that some_function and other_function are extern, and so gcc 
> >>has no insight into their behaviour and therefore conservatively assumes 
> >>they have global side-effects.
> >>
> >>The memory barriers in preempt_disable/enable will prevent gcc from 
> >>moving any of the function calls into the non-preemptable region. But 
> >>because "foo" is local and isn't visible to any other code, there's no 
> >>reason why the "foo += 42" couldn't move into the preempt region.  
> >>    
> >
> >I am not sure about this last statement. The same reference :
> >http://developer.apple.com/documentation/DeveloperTools/gcc-4.0.1/gcc/Extended-Asm.html
> >  
> (This is pretty old, and this is an area which changes quite a lot.  You 
> should refer to something more recent;
> http://www.cims.nyu.edu/cgi-systems/info2html?/usr/local/info(gcc)Top 
> for example, though in this case the quoted text looks the same.)
> 
> >I am just wondering how gcc can assume that I will not modify variables on 
> >the
> >stack from within a function with a memory clobber. If I would like to do 
> >some
> >nasty things in my assembly code, like accessing directly to a local 
> >variable by
> >using an offset from the stack pointer, I would expect gcc not to relocate 
> >this
> >local variable around my asm volatile memory clobbered statement, as it 
> >falls
> >under the category "access memory in an unpredictable fashion".
> >  
> 
> That not really what it means.  gcc is free to put local variables in 
> memory or register, and unless you pass the local to your asm as a 
> parameter, your code has no way of knowing how to find the current 
> location of the local.  You could trash your stack frame from within the 
> asm if you like, but I don't think gcc is under any obligation to behave 
> in a deterministic way if you do.
> 
> "Unpredictable" in this case means that the memory modified isn't easily 
> specified as a normal asm parameter.  For example, if you have an asm 
> which does a memset(), the modified memory's size is a runtime variable 
> rather than a compile-time constant.  Or perhaps your asm follows a 
> linked list and modifies memory as it traverses the list.
> 
> 
>    J
> 
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