Date:	Sun, 27 May 2007 22:30:03 +0200
From:	"Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@...k.pl>
To:	pm list <linux-pm@...ts.linux-foundation.org>
Cc:	LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Matthew Garrett <mjg59@...f.ucam.org>,
	Nigel Cunningham <nigel@...el.suspend2.net>,
	Pavel Machek <pavel@....cz>,
	Alan Stern <stern@...land.harvard.edu>,
	Oliver Neukum <oliver@...kum.org>
Subject: [RFC][PATCH -mm 1/3] PM: Hibernation and suspend notifiers

From: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@...k.pl>

Make it possible to register hibernation and suspend notifiers, so that
subsystems can perform hibernation-related or suspend-related operations that
should not be carried out by device drivers' .suspend() and .resume() routines.

Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@...k.pl>

 Documentation/power/notifiers.txt |   76 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/linux/notifier.h          |   13 ++++++
 include/linux/suspend.h           |   25 +++++++++++-
 kernel/power/Makefile             |    2 -
 kernel/power/disk.c               |   31 +++++++++++++--
 kernel/power/main.c               |   12 ++++++
 kernel/power/notifier.c           |   51 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 kernel/power/power.h              |    4 ++
 kernel/power/user.c               |   11 ++++-
 9 files changed, 214 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

Index: linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/notifier.c
===================================================================
--- /dev/null	1970-01-01 00:00:00.000000000 +0000
+++ linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/notifier.c	2007-05-27 14:43:14.000000000 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * linux/kernel/power/notifier.c
+ *
+ * This file contains functions used for registering and calling hibernation and
+ * suspend (PM) notifiers that can be used by subsystems for carrying out some
+ * special hibernation-related and/or suspend-related operations.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2007 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@...k.pl>
+ *
+ * This file is released under the GPLv2.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/notifier.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/suspend.h>
+
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(pm_notifier_lock);
+
+static RAW_NOTIFIER_HEAD(pm_chain);
+
+int register_pm_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
+{
+	int ret;
+	mutex_lock(&pm_notifier_lock);
+	ret = raw_notifier_chain_register(&pm_chain, nb);
+	mutex_unlock(&pm_notifier_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_pm_notifier);
+
+void unregister_pm_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&pm_notifier_lock);
+	raw_notifier_chain_unregister(&pm_chain, nb);
+	mutex_unlock(&pm_notifier_lock);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_pm_notifier);
+
+int pm_notifier_call_chain(unsigned long val)
+{
+	int error = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&pm_notifier_lock);
+	if (raw_notifier_call_chain(&pm_chain, val, NULL) == NOTIFY_BAD)
+		error = -EINVAL;
+
+	mutex_unlock(&pm_notifier_lock);
+	return error;
+}
Index: linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/Makefile
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.22-rc3.orig/kernel/power/Makefile	2007-05-27 14:41:59.000000000 +0200
+++ linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/Makefile	2007-05-27 14:43:14.000000000 +0200
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ifeq ($(CONFIG_PM_DEBUG),y)
 EXTRA_CFLAGS	+=	-DDEBUG
 endif
 
-obj-y				:= main.o process.o console.o
+obj-y				:= main.o process.o console.o notifier.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_PM_LEGACY)		+= pm.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SOFTWARE_SUSPEND)	+= swsusp.o disk.o snapshot.o swap.o user.o
 
Index: linux-2.6.22-rc3/include/linux/suspend.h
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.22-rc3.orig/include/linux/suspend.h	2007-05-27 14:41:59.000000000 +0200
+++ linux-2.6.22-rc3/include/linux/suspend.h	2007-05-27 14:43:14.000000000 +0200
@@ -54,7 +54,8 @@ struct hibernation_ops {
 	void (*restore_cleanup)(void);
 };
 
-#if defined(CONFIG_PM) && defined(CONFIG_SOFTWARE_SUSPEND)
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+#ifdef CONFIG_SOFTWARE_SUSPEND
 /* kernel/power/snapshot.c */
 extern void __register_nosave_region(unsigned long b, unsigned long e, int km);
 static inline void register_nosave_region(unsigned long b, unsigned long e)
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ extern unsigned long get_safe_page(gfp_t
 
 extern void hibernation_set_ops(struct hibernation_ops *ops);
 extern int hibernate(void);
-#else
+#else /* CONFIG_SOFTWARE_SUSPEND */
 static inline void register_nosave_region(unsigned long b, unsigned long e) {}
 static inline void register_nosave_region_late(unsigned long b, unsigned long e) {}
 static inline int swsusp_page_is_forbidden(struct page *p) { return 0; }
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ static inline void swsusp_unset_page_fre
 
 static inline void hibernation_set_ops(struct hibernation_ops *ops) {}
 static inline int hibernate(void) { return -ENOSYS; }
-#endif /* defined(CONFIG_PM) && defined(CONFIG_SOFTWARE_SUSPEND) */
+#endif /* CONFIG_SOFTWARE_SUSPEND */
 
 void save_processor_state(void);
 void restore_processor_state(void);
@@ -89,4 +90,22 @@ struct saved_context;
 void __save_processor_state(struct saved_context *ctxt);
 void __restore_processor_state(struct saved_context *ctxt);
 
+int register_pm_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb);
+void unregister_pm_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb);
+
+#define pm_notifier(fn, pri) {				\
+	static struct notifier_block fn##_nb =			\
+		{ .notifier_call = fn, .priority = pri };	\
+	register_pm_notifier(&fn##_nb);			\
+}
+#else /* CONFIG_PM */
+static inline int register_pm_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb) {
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline void unregister_pm_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb) {
+}
+
+#define pm_notifier(fn, pri)	do { (void)(fn); } while (0)
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
+
 #endif /* _LINUX_SWSUSP_H */
Index: linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/power.h
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.22-rc3.orig/kernel/power/power.h	2007-05-27 14:41:59.000000000 +0200
+++ linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/power.h	2007-05-27 14:43:14.000000000 +0200
@@ -173,5 +173,9 @@ extern void swsusp_close(void);
 extern int suspend_enter(suspend_state_t state);
 
 struct timeval;
+/* kernel/power/swsusp.c */
 extern void swsusp_show_speed(struct timeval *, struct timeval *,
 				unsigned int, char *);
+
+/* kernel/power/notifier.c */
+extern int pm_notifier_call_chain(unsigned long val);
Index: linux-2.6.22-rc3/include/linux/notifier.h
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.22-rc3.orig/include/linux/notifier.h	2007-05-27 14:41:59.000000000 +0200
+++ linux-2.6.22-rc3/include/linux/notifier.h	2007-05-27 14:43:14.000000000 +0200
@@ -209,5 +209,18 @@ extern int __srcu_notifier_call_chain(st
 #define CPU_DOWN_FAILED_FROZEN	(CPU_DOWN_FAILED | CPU_TASKS_FROZEN)
 #define CPU_DEAD_FROZEN		(CPU_DEAD | CPU_TASKS_FROZEN)
 
+/* Hibernation and suspend events */
+#define PM_PRE_FREEZE		0x0001 /* Going to freeze tasks */
+#define PM_POST_THAW		0x0002 /* Tasks have just been thawed */
+#define PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE	0x0003 /* Tasks frozen, going to hibernate */
+#define PM_SNAPSHOT_FAILED	0x0004 /* Couldn't create hibernation image */
+#define PM_POST_SNAPSHOT	0x0005 /* Image created, going to save it */
+#define PM_RESTORE_PREPARE	0x0006 /* Going to restore snapshotted system */
+#define PM_RESTORE_FAILED	0x0007 /* Couldn't restore snapshotted system */
+#define PM_POST_RESTORE		0x0008 /* Restore complete, thawing tasks */
+#define PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE	0x0009 /* Tasks frozen, going to suspend */
+#define PM_SUSPEND_FAILED	0x000A /* Couldn't suspend */
+#define PM_POST_RESUME		0x000B /* Resume successful, thawing tasks */
+
 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
 #endif /* _LINUX_NOTIFIER_H */
Index: linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/disk.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.22-rc3.orig/kernel/power/disk.c	2007-05-27 14:41:59.000000000 +0200
+++ linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/disk.c	2007-05-27 15:42:54.000000000 +0200
@@ -130,6 +130,10 @@ int hibernation_snapshot(int platform_mo
 {
 	int error;
 
+	error = pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
 	/* Free memory before shutting down devices. */
 	error = swsusp_shrink_memory();
 	if (error)
@@ -161,6 +165,12 @@ int hibernation_snapshot(int platform_mo
 	device_resume();
  Resume_console:
 	resume_console();
+	if (error)
+		pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_SNAPSHOT_FAILED);
+	else
+		pm_notifier_call_chain(in_suspend ?
+					PM_POST_SNAPSHOT : PM_POST_RESTORE);
+
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -177,6 +187,10 @@ int hibernation_restore(int platform_mod
 {
 	int error;
 
+	error = pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_RESTORE_PREPARE);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
 	pm_prepare_console();
 	suspend_console();
 	error = device_suspend(PMSG_PRETHAW);
@@ -195,6 +209,7 @@ int hibernation_restore(int platform_mod
  Finish:
 	resume_console();
 	pm_restore_console();
+	pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_RESTORE_FAILED);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -259,12 +274,17 @@ static void unprepare_processes(void)
 {
 	thaw_processes();
 	pm_restore_console();
+	pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_THAW);
 }
 
 static int prepare_processes(void)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
+	error = pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_PRE_FREEZE);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
 	pm_prepare_console();
 	if (freeze_processes()) {
 		error = -EBUSY;
@@ -281,9 +301,12 @@ int hibernate(void)
 {
 	int error;
 
+	mutex_lock(&pm_mutex);
 	/* The snapshot device should not be opened while we're running */
-	if (!atomic_add_unless(&snapshot_device_available, -1, 0))
-		return -EBUSY;
+	if (!atomic_add_unless(&snapshot_device_available, -1, 0)) {
+		error = -EBUSY;
+		goto Unlock;
+	}
 
 	/* Allocate memory management structures */
 	error = create_basic_memory_bitmaps();
@@ -294,7 +317,6 @@ int hibernate(void)
 	if (error)
 		goto Finish;
 
-	mutex_lock(&pm_mutex);
 	if (hibernation_mode == HIBERNATION_TESTPROC) {
 		printk("swsusp debug: Waiting for 5 seconds.\n");
 		mdelay(5000);
@@ -316,12 +338,13 @@ int hibernate(void)
 		swsusp_free();
 	}
  Thaw:
-	mutex_unlock(&pm_mutex);
 	unprepare_processes();
  Finish:
 	free_basic_memory_bitmaps();
  Exit:
 	atomic_inc(&snapshot_device_available);
+ Unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&pm_mutex);
 	return error;
 }
 
Index: linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/main.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.22-rc3.orig/kernel/power/main.c	2007-05-27 14:41:59.000000000 +0200
+++ linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/main.c	2007-05-27 15:05:51.000000000 +0200
@@ -82,6 +82,10 @@ static int suspend_prepare(suspend_state
 	if (!pm_ops || !pm_ops->enter)
 		return -EPERM;
 
+	error = pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_PRE_FREEZE);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
 	pm_prepare_console();
 
 	if (freeze_processes()) {
@@ -89,6 +93,10 @@ static int suspend_prepare(suspend_state
 		goto Thaw;
 	}
 
+	error = pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
 	if ((free_pages = global_page_state(NR_FREE_PAGES))
 			< FREE_PAGE_NUMBER) {
 		pr_debug("PM: free some memory\n");
@@ -121,9 +129,11 @@ static int suspend_prepare(suspend_state
 	device_resume();
  Resume_console:
 	resume_console();
+	pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_SUSPEND_FAILED);
  Thaw:
 	thaw_processes();
 	pm_restore_console();
+	pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_THAW);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -173,8 +183,10 @@ static void suspend_finish(suspend_state
 	pm_finish(state);
 	device_resume();
 	resume_console();
+	pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_RESUME);
 	thaw_processes();
 	pm_restore_console();
+	pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_THAW);
 }
 
 
Index: linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/user.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.22-rc3.orig/kernel/power/user.c	2007-05-27 14:41:59.000000000 +0200
+++ linux-2.6.22-rc3/kernel/power/user.c	2007-05-27 15:53:03.000000000 +0200
@@ -149,9 +149,13 @@ static int snapshot_ioctl(struct inode *
 		if (data->frozen)
 			break;
 		mutex_lock(&pm_mutex);
-		if (freeze_processes()) {
-			thaw_processes();
-			error = -EBUSY;
+		error = pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_PRE_FREEZE);
+		if (!error) {
+			error = freeze_processes();
+			if (error) {
+				thaw_processes();
+				pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_THAW);
+			}
 		}
 		mutex_unlock(&pm_mutex);
 		if (!error)
@@ -163,6 +167,7 @@ static int snapshot_ioctl(struct inode *
 			break;
 		mutex_lock(&pm_mutex);
 		thaw_processes();
+		pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_THAW);
 		mutex_unlock(&pm_mutex);
 		data->frozen = 0;
 		break;
Index: linux-2.6.22-rc3/Documentation/power/notifiers.txt
===================================================================
--- /dev/null	1970-01-01 00:00:00.000000000 +0000
+++ linux-2.6.22-rc3/Documentation/power/notifiers.txt	2007-05-27 18:20:48.000000000 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+Suspend notifiers
+	(C) 2007 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@...k.pl>, GPL
+
+There are some operations that device drivers may want to carry out in their
+.suspend() routines, but shouldn't, because they can cause the hibernation or
+suspend to fail. For example, a driver may want to allocate a substantial amount
+of memory (like 50 MB) in .suspend(), but that shouldn't be done after the
+swsusp's memory shrinker has run.
+
+Also, there may be some operations, that subsystems want to carry out before a
+hibernation/suspend or after a restore/resume, requiring the system to be fully
+functional, so the drivers' .suspend() and .resume() routines are not suitable
+for this purpose.  For example, device drivers may want to upload firmware to
+their devices after a restore from a hibernation image, but they cannot do it by
+calling request_firmware() from their .resume() routines (user land processes
+are frozen at this point).  The solution may be to load the firmware into
+memory before processes are frozen and upload it from there in the .resume()
+routine.  Of course, a hibernation notifier may be used for this purpose.
+
+The subsystems that have such needs can register suspend notifiers that will be
+called upon the following events by the suspend core:
+
+PM_PRE_FREEZE		The system is going to hibernate or suspend, tasks will
+			be frozen immediately
+
+PM_POST_THAW		Tasks have just been thawed after a resume or restore
+			from a hibernation image
+
+PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE	The system is preparing for hibernation.  Tasks have
+			been frozen, memory is going to be freed and devices
+			are going to be suspended.
+
+PM_SNAPSHOT_FAILED	The creation of hibernation image has failed.  Tasks
+			will be thawed immediately.
+
+PM_POST_SNAPSHOT	Hibernation image has been created and it is going to
+			be saved immediately.  Device drivers' .resume()
+			callbacks have been executed.
+
+PM_RESTORE_PREPARE	The system is preparing for the restoration from a
+			hibernation image.  Tasks have been frozen, devices
+			are going to be prepared for the restore.
+
+PM_RESTORE_FAILED	The restore operation has failed.  Tasks will be thawed
+			immediately and the system boot will continue.
+
+PM_POST_RESTORE		The system memory state has been restored from a
+			hibernation image.  Device drivers' .resume()
+			callbacks have been executed, tasks will be thawed
+			immediately.
+
+PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE	The system is preparing for a suspend.  Tasks have been
+			frozen, devices are going to be suspended.
+
+PM_SUSPEND_FAILED	The suspend transition failed.  Tasks will be thawed
+			immediately.
+
+PM_POST_RESUME		The system has resumed.  Tasks will be thawed
+			immediately.
+
+It is generally assumed that whatever the notifiers do for PM_PRE_FREEZE,
+should be undone for PM_POST_THAW.  Moreover, what is done for
+PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE, should be undone for PM_SNAPSHOT_FAILED,
+PM_POST_SNAPSHOT and PM_POST_RESTORE (eg. if memory is allocated for
+PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE, it should be freed for PM_SNAPSHOT_FAILED,
+PM_POST_SNAPSHOT and PM_POST_RESTORE).  Analogously, operations performed for
+PM_RESTORE_PREPARE should be reversed for PM_RESTORE_FAILED and operations
+performed for PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE should be reversed for PM_SUSPEND_FAILED and
+PM_POST_RESUME.
+
+The hibernation and suspend notifiers are called with pm_mutex held.  They are
+defined in the usual way, but their last argument is meaningless (it is always
+NULL).  To register and/or unregister a suspend notifier use the functions
+register_pm_notifier() and unregister_pm_notifier(), respectively, defined in
+kernel/power/notifier.c .  If you don't need to unregister the notifier, you can
+also use the pm_notifier() macro defined in include/linux/suspend.h .

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