Date:	Tue, 24 Jul 2007 18:20:34 +1000
From:	Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@...oo.com.au>
To:	Satyam Sharma <ssatyam@....iitk.ac.in>
CC:	Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	David Howells <dhowells@...hat.com>, Andi Kleen <ak@...e.de>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 8/8] i386: bitops: smp_mb__{before, after}_clear_bit()
 definitions

Satyam Sharma wrote:
> On Tue, 24 Jul 2007, Nick Piggin wrote:
> 
> 
>>Satyam Sharma wrote:
>>
>>>From: Satyam Sharma <ssatyam@....iitk.ac.in>
>>>
>>>[8/8] i386: bitops: smp_mb__{before, after}_clear_bit() definitions
>>>
>>>
>>>>>From Documentation/atomic_ops.txt, those archs that require explicit
>>>
>>>memory barriers around clear_bit() must also implement these two interfaces.
>>>However, for i386, clear_bit() is a strict, locked, atomic and
>>>un-reorderable operation and includes an implicit memory barrier already.
>>>
>>>But these two functions have been wrongly defined as "barrier()" which is
>>>a pointless _compiler optimization_ barrier, and only serves to make gcc
>>>not do legitimate optimizations that it could have otherwise done.
>>>
>>>So let's make these proper no-ops, because that's exactly what we require
>>>these to be on the i386 platform.
>>
>>No. clear_bit is not a compiler barrier on i386,
> 
> 
> Obvious.
> 
> 
>>thus smp_mb__before/after
>>must be.
> 
> 
> Not so obvious. Why do we require these to be a full compiler barrier
> is precisely the question I raised here.
> 
> Consider this (the above two functions exist only for clear_bit(),
> the atomic variant, as you already know), the _only_ memory reference
> we care about is that of the address of the passed bit-string:

No. Memory barriers explicitly extend to all memory references.


> (1) The compiler must not optimize / elid it (i.e. we need to disallow
>     compiler optimization for that reference) -- but we've already taken
>     care of that with the __asm__ __volatile__ and the constraints on
>     the memory "addr" operand there, and,
> (2) For the i386, it also includes an implicit memory (CPU) barrier
>     already.

Repeating what has been said before: A CPU memory barrier is not a
compiler barrier or vice versa. Seeing as we are talking about
the compiler barrier, it is irrelevant as to whether or not the
assembly includes a CPU barrier.


> So I /think/ it makes sense to let the compiler optimize _other_ memory
> references across the call to clear_bit(). There's a difference. I think
> we'd be safe even if we do this, because the synchronization in callers
> must be based upon the _passed bit-string_, otherwise _they_ are the
> ones who're buggy.

Yes it makes sense to let the compiler move memory operations over
clear_bit(), because we have defined the interface to be nice and
relaxed. And this is exactly why we do need to have an additional
barrier there in smp_mb__*_clear_bit().


> [ For those interested, I've been looking at the code generated
>   for the test kernel I built with these patches, and I don't
>   really see anything gcc did that it shouldn't have -- but ok,
>   that doesn't mean other versions/toolchains for other setups
>   won't. Also, the test box has been up all night, but I'm only
>   running Firefox on it anyway, and don't really know how to
>   verify if I've introduced any correctness issues / bugs. ]

correct output != correct input.

Without a barrier there, we _allow_ the compiler to reorder. If it
does not reorder, the missing barrier is still a bug :)

-- 
SUSE Labs, Novell Inc.
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