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Message-ID: <20071105224929.GA30521@kroah.com>
Date:	Mon, 5 Nov 2007 14:49:29 -0800
From:	Greg KH <greg@...ah.com>
To:	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
	Alan Stern <stern@...land.harvard.edu>,
	Oliver Neukum <oneukum@...e.de>
Cc:	Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@...ux-foundation.org>,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, apw <apw@...dowen.org>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>,
	linux-usb-devel@...ts.sourceforge.net
Subject: Re: device struct bloat

On Mon, Nov 05, 2007 at 11:57:14AM +0100, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> Hmm, the problem seems to be stuff like:
> 
> add usb driver to pci
>   scan pci devices
>      add usb host controller device
>         scan usb devices
>           add usb hub device
>             scan usb devices
>               add usb .....
> 
> This seems to be able to go on forever, as long as one can cascade usb
> hubs.

USB hubs only work 7 deep, so there is a limit.

> Doesn't seem like an ideal thing to do from a stack space POV either.
> 
> Would it be possible to break at the second scan, that is the device
> probe and stick that into a workqueue or something. Then we'd only ever
> have driver->device nesting.

Alan and Oliver have done some work in this area I think, combined with
the suspend/bind/unbind issues.  I'll let them comment on your patch :)

thanks,

greg k-h

---
 drivers/base/bus.c                |   20 ++++++++++----------
 drivers/base/class.c              |   22 +++++++++++-----------
 drivers/base/core.c               |   20 +++++++++-----------
 drivers/base/dd.c                 |   38 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 drivers/base/power/main.c         |    8 ++++----
 drivers/pci/bus.c                 |    4 ++--
 drivers/pnp/interface.c           |   10 +++++-----
 drivers/pnp/manager.c             |   18 +++++++++---------
 drivers/power/power_supply_core.c |    8 ++++----
 drivers/rtc/interface.c           |    4 ++--
 drivers/scsi/hosts.c              |    4 ++--
 drivers/spi/spi.c                 |   10 +++++-----
 drivers/usb/core/hub.c            |    4 ++--
 include/linux/device.h            |   18 +++++++++++-------
 include/linux/usb.h               |    6 +++---
 15 files changed, 98 insertions(+), 96 deletions(-)

Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/base/bus.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/base/bus.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/base/bus.c
@@ -190,10 +190,10 @@ static ssize_t driver_unbind(struct devi
 	dev = bus_find_device(bus, NULL, (void *)buf, driver_helper);
 	if (dev && dev->driver == drv) {
 		if (dev->parent)	/* Needed for USB */
-			down(&dev->parent->sem);
+			mutex_lock_nested(&dev->parent->mutex, DRIVER_PARENT);
 		device_release_driver(dev);
 		if (dev->parent)
-			up(&dev->parent->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&dev->parent->mutex);
 		err = count;
 	}
 	put_device(dev);
@@ -217,12 +217,12 @@ static ssize_t driver_bind(struct device
 	dev = bus_find_device(bus, NULL, (void *)buf, driver_helper);
 	if (dev && dev->driver == NULL) {
 		if (dev->parent)	/* Needed for USB */
-			down(&dev->parent->sem);
-		down(&dev->sem);
+			mutex_lock_nested(&dev->parent->mutex, DRIVER_PARENT);
+		mutex_lock_nested(&dev->mutex, DRIVER_NORMAL);
 		err = driver_probe_device(drv, dev);
-		up(&dev->sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&dev->mutex);
 		if (dev->parent)
-			up(&dev->parent->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&dev->parent->mutex);
 
 		if (err > 0) 		/* success */
 			err = count;
@@ -711,10 +711,10 @@ static int __must_check bus_rescan_devic
 
 	if (!dev->driver) {
 		if (dev->parent)	/* Needed for USB */
-			down(&dev->parent->sem);
+			mutex_lock_nested(&dev->parent->mutex, DEVICE_PARENT);
 		ret = device_attach(dev);
 		if (dev->parent)
-			up(&dev->parent->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&dev->parent->mutex);
 	}
 	return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
 }
@@ -745,10 +745,10 @@ int device_reprobe(struct device *dev)
 {
 	if (dev->driver) {
 		if (dev->parent)        /* Needed for USB */
-			down(&dev->parent->sem);
+			mutex_lock_nested(&dev->parent->mutex, DEVICE_PARENT);
 		device_release_driver(dev);
 		if (dev->parent)
-			up(&dev->parent->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&dev->parent->mutex);
 	}
 	return bus_rescan_devices_helper(dev, NULL);
 }
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/base/class.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/base/class.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/base/class.c
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ int class_register(struct class * cls)
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cls->devices);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cls->interfaces);
 	kset_init(&cls->class_dirs);
-	init_MUTEX(&cls->sem);
+	mutex_init(&cls->mutex);
 	error = kobject_set_name(&cls->subsys.kobj, "%s", cls->name);
 	if (error)
 		return error;
@@ -617,13 +617,13 @@ int class_device_add(struct class_device
 	kobject_uevent(&class_dev->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
 
 	/* notify any interfaces this device is now here */
-	down(&parent_class->sem);
+	mutex_lock_nested(&parent_class->mutex, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
 	list_add_tail(&class_dev->node, &parent_class->children);
 	list_for_each_entry(class_intf, &parent_class->interfaces, node) {
 		if (class_intf->add)
 			class_intf->add(class_dev, class_intf);
 	}
-	up(&parent_class->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&parent_class->mutex);
 
 	goto out1;
 
@@ -725,12 +725,12 @@ void class_device_del(struct class_devic
 	struct class_interface *class_intf;
 
 	if (parent_class) {
-		down(&parent_class->sem);
+		mutex_lock_nested(&parent_class->mutex, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
 		list_del_init(&class_dev->node);
 		list_for_each_entry(class_intf, &parent_class->interfaces, node)
 			if (class_intf->remove)
 				class_intf->remove(class_dev, class_intf);
-		up(&parent_class->sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&parent_class->mutex);
 	}
 
 	if (class_dev->dev) {
@@ -772,14 +772,14 @@ void class_device_destroy(struct class *
 	struct class_device *class_dev = NULL;
 	struct class_device *class_dev_tmp;
 
-	down(&cls->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&cls->mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(class_dev_tmp, &cls->children, node) {
 		if (class_dev_tmp->devt == devt) {
 			class_dev = class_dev_tmp;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	up(&cls->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&cls->mutex);
 
 	if (class_dev)
 		class_device_unregister(class_dev);
@@ -812,7 +812,7 @@ int class_interface_register(struct clas
 	if (!parent)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	down(&parent->sem);
+	mutex_lock_nested(&parent->mutex, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
 	list_add_tail(&class_intf->node, &parent->interfaces);
 	if (class_intf->add) {
 		list_for_each_entry(class_dev, &parent->children, node)
@@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ int class_interface_register(struct clas
 		list_for_each_entry(dev, &parent->devices, node)
 			class_intf->add_dev(dev, class_intf);
 	}
-	up(&parent->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&parent->mutex);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ void class_interface_unregister(struct c
 	if (!parent)
 		return;
 
-	down(&parent->sem);
+	mutex_lock_nested(&parent->mutex, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
 	list_del_init(&class_intf->node);
 	if (class_intf->remove) {
 		list_for_each_entry(class_dev, &parent->children, node)
@@ -846,7 +846,7 @@ void class_interface_unregister(struct c
 		list_for_each_entry(dev, &parent->devices, node)
 			class_intf->remove_dev(dev, class_intf);
 	}
-	up(&parent->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&parent->mutex);
 
 	class_put(parent);
 }
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/base/core.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/base/core.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/base/core.c
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@
 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
 #include <linux/notifier.h>
 
-#include <asm/semaphore.h>
-
 #include "base.h"
 #include "power/power.h"
 
@@ -531,7 +529,7 @@ void device_initialize(struct device *de
 		   klist_children_put);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->dma_pools);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->node);
-	init_MUTEX(&dev->sem);
+	mutex_init(&dev->mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&dev->devres_lock);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->devres_head);
 	device_init_wakeup(dev, 0);
@@ -782,7 +780,7 @@ int device_add(struct device *dev)
 		klist_add_tail(&dev->knode_parent, &parent->klist_children);
 
 	if (dev->class) {
-		down(&dev->class->sem);
+		mutex_lock(&dev->class->mutex);
 		/* tie the class to the device */
 		list_add_tail(&dev->node, &dev->class->devices);
 
@@ -790,7 +788,7 @@ int device_add(struct device *dev)
 		list_for_each_entry(class_intf, &dev->class->interfaces, node)
 			if (class_intf->add_dev)
 				class_intf->add_dev(dev, class_intf);
-		up(&dev->class->sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&dev->class->mutex);
 	}
  Done:
 	put_device(dev);
@@ -926,14 +924,14 @@ void device_del(struct device * dev)
 			sysfs_remove_link(&dev->kobj, "device");
 		}
 
-		down(&dev->class->sem);
+		mutex_lock(&dev->class->mutex);
 		/* notify any interfaces that the device is now gone */
 		list_for_each_entry(class_intf, &dev->class->interfaces, node)
 			if (class_intf->remove_dev)
 				class_intf->remove_dev(dev, class_intf);
 		/* remove the device from the class list */
 		list_del_init(&dev->node);
-		up(&dev->class->sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&dev->class->mutex);
 
 		/* If we live in a parent class-directory, unreference it */
 		if (dev->kobj.parent->kset == &dev->class->class_dirs) {
@@ -944,7 +942,7 @@ void device_del(struct device * dev)
 			 * if we are the last child of our class, delete
 			 * our class-directory at this parent
 			 */
-			down(&dev->class->sem);
+			mutex_lock(&dev->class->mutex);
 			list_for_each_entry(d, &dev->class->devices, node) {
 				if (d == dev)
 					continue;
@@ -957,7 +955,7 @@ void device_del(struct device * dev)
 				kobject_del(dev->kobj.parent);
 
 			kobject_put(dev->kobj.parent);
-			up(&dev->class->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&dev->class->mutex);
 		}
 	}
 	device_remove_file(dev, &uevent_attr);
@@ -1166,14 +1164,14 @@ void device_destroy(struct class *class,
 	struct device *dev = NULL;
 	struct device *dev_tmp;
 
-	down(&class->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&class->mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(dev_tmp, &class->devices, node) {
 		if (dev_tmp->devt == devt) {
 			dev = dev_tmp;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	up(&class->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&class->mutex);
 
 	if (dev)
 		device_unregister(dev);
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/base/dd.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/base/dd.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/base/dd.c
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ static void driver_sysfs_remove(struct d
  *	for before calling this. (It is ok to call with no other effort
  *	from a driver's probe() method.)
  *
- *	This function must be called with @dev->sem held.
+ *	This function must be called with @dev->mutex held.
  */
 int device_bind_driver(struct device *dev)
 {
@@ -180,8 +180,8 @@ int driver_probe_done(void)
  * This function returns 1 if a match is found, -ENODEV if the device is
  * not registered, and 0 otherwise.
  *
- * This function must be called with @dev->sem held.  When called for a
- * USB interface, @dev->parent->sem must be held as well.
+ * This function must be called with @dev->mutex held.  When called for a
+ * USB interface, @dev->parent->mutex must be held as well.
  */
 int driver_probe_device(struct device_driver * drv, struct device * dev)
 {
@@ -219,13 +219,13 @@ static int __device_attach(struct device
  *	0 if no matching device was found;
  *	-ENODEV if the device is not registered.
  *
- *	When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent->sem must be held.
+ *	When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent->mutex must be held.
  */
 int device_attach(struct device * dev)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	down(&dev->sem);
+	mutex_lock_nested(&dev->mutex, DEVICE_NORMAL);
 	if (dev->driver) {
 		ret = device_bind_driver(dev);
 		if (ret == 0)
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ int device_attach(struct device * dev)
 	} else {
 		ret = bus_for_each_drv(dev->bus, NULL, dev, __device_attach);
 	}
-	up(&dev->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&dev->mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -256,13 +256,13 @@ static int __driver_attach(struct device
 	 */
 
 	if (dev->parent)	/* Needed for USB */
-		down(&dev->parent->sem);
-	down(&dev->sem);
+		mutex_lock_nested(&dev->parent->mutex, DRIVER_PARENT);
+	mutex_lock_nested(&dev->mutex, DRIVER_NORMAL);
 	if (!dev->driver)
 		driver_probe_device(drv, dev);
-	up(&dev->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&dev->mutex);
 	if (dev->parent)
-		up(&dev->parent->sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&dev->parent->mutex);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -282,8 +282,8 @@ int driver_attach(struct device_driver *
 }
 
 /*
- *	__device_release_driver() must be called with @dev->sem held.
- *	When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent->sem must be held as well.
+ *	__device_release_driver() must be called with @dev->mutex held.
+ *	When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent->mutex must be held as well.
  */
 static void __device_release_driver(struct device * dev)
 {
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ static void __device_release_driver(stru
  *	@dev:	device.
  *
  *	Manually detach device from driver.
- *	When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent->sem must be held.
+ *	When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent->mutex must be held.
  */
 void device_release_driver(struct device * dev)
 {
@@ -324,9 +324,9 @@ void device_release_driver(struct device
 	 * within their ->remove callback for the same device, they
 	 * will deadlock right here.
 	 */
-	down(&dev->sem);
+	mutex_lock_nested(&dev->mutex, DEVICE_NORMAL);
 	__device_release_driver(dev);
-	up(&dev->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&dev->mutex);
 }
 
 
@@ -350,13 +350,13 @@ void driver_detach(struct device_driver 
 		spin_unlock(&drv->klist_devices.k_lock);
 
 		if (dev->parent)	/* Needed for USB */
-			down(&dev->parent->sem);
-		down(&dev->sem);
+			mutex_lock_nested(&dev->parent->mutex, DRIVER_PARENT);
+		mutex_lock_nested(&dev->mutex, DRIVER_NORMAL);
 		if (dev->driver == drv)
 			__device_release_driver(dev);
-		up(&dev->sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&dev->mutex);
 		if (dev->parent)
-			up(&dev->parent->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&dev->parent->mutex);
 		put_device(dev);
 	}
 }
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/base/power/main.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/base/power/main.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/base/power/main.c
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ static int resume_device(struct device *
 	TRACE_DEVICE(dev);
 	TRACE_RESUME(0);
 
-	down(&dev->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&dev->mutex);
 
 	if (dev->bus && dev->bus->resume) {
 		dev_dbg(dev,"resuming\n");
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ static int resume_device(struct device *
 		error = dev->class->resume(dev);
 	}
 
-	up(&dev->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&dev->mutex);
 
 	TRACE_RESUME(error);
 	return error;
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ static int suspend_device(struct device 
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	down(&dev->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&dev->mutex);
 	if (dev->power.power_state.event) {
 		dev_dbg(dev, "PM: suspend %d-->%d\n",
 			dev->power.power_state.event, state.event);
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ static int suspend_device(struct device 
 		error = dev->bus->suspend(dev, state);
 		suspend_report_result(dev->bus->suspend, error);
 	}
-	up(&dev->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&dev->mutex);
 	return error;
 }
 
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/pci/bus.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/pci/bus.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/pci/bus.c
@@ -198,9 +198,9 @@ void pci_walk_bus(struct pci_bus *top, v
 			next = dev->bus_list.next;
 
 		/* Run device routines with the device locked */
-		down(&dev->dev.sem);
+		mutex_lock(&dev->dev.mutex);
 		cb(dev, userdata);
-		up(&dev->dev.sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&dev->dev.mutex);
 	}
 	up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
 }
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/pnp/interface.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/pnp/interface.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/pnp/interface.c
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ static ssize_t pnp_show_current_resource
 	return ret;
 }
 
-extern struct semaphore pnp_res_mutex;
+extern struct mutex pnp_res_mutex;
 
 static ssize_t
 pnp_set_current_resources(struct device *dmdev, struct device_attribute *attr,
@@ -361,10 +361,10 @@ pnp_set_current_resources(struct device 
 		goto done;
 	}
 	if (!strnicmp(buf, "get", 3)) {
-		down(&pnp_res_mutex);
+		mutex_lock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 		if (pnp_can_read(dev))
 			dev->protocol->get(dev, &dev->res);
-		up(&pnp_res_mutex);
+		mutex_unlock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 		goto done;
 	}
 	if (!strnicmp(buf, "set", 3)) {
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ pnp_set_current_resources(struct device 
 			goto done;
 		buf += 3;
 		pnp_init_resource_table(&dev->res);
-		down(&pnp_res_mutex);
+		mutex_lock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 		while (1) {
 			while (isspace(*buf))
 				++buf;
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ pnp_set_current_resources(struct device 
 			}
 			break;
 		}
-		up(&pnp_res_mutex);
+		mutex_unlock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 		goto done;
 	}
 
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/pnp/manager.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/pnp/manager.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/pnp/manager.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #include <linux/bitmap.h>
 #include "base.h"
 
-DECLARE_MUTEX(pnp_res_mutex);
+DEFINE_MUTEX(pnp_res_mutex);
 
 static int pnp_assign_port(struct pnp_dev *dev, struct pnp_port *rule, int idx)
 {
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ static int pnp_assign_resources(struct p
 	if (!pnp_can_configure(dev))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	down(&pnp_res_mutex);
+	mutex_lock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 	pnp_clean_resource_table(&dev->res);	/* start with a fresh slate */
 	if (dev->independent) {
 		port = dev->independent->port;
@@ -366,12 +366,12 @@ static int pnp_assign_resources(struct p
 	} else if (dev->dependent)
 		goto fail;
 
-	up(&pnp_res_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 	return 1;
 
 fail:
 	pnp_clean_resource_table(&dev->res);
-	up(&pnp_res_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ int pnp_manual_config_dev(struct pnp_dev
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	*bak = dev->res;
 
-	down(&pnp_res_mutex);
+	mutex_lock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 	dev->res = *res;
 	if (!(mode & PNP_CONFIG_FORCE)) {
 		for (i = 0; i < PNP_MAX_PORT; i++) {
@@ -416,14 +416,14 @@ int pnp_manual_config_dev(struct pnp_dev
 				goto fail;
 		}
 	}
-	up(&pnp_res_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 
 	kfree(bak);
 	return 0;
 
 fail:
 	dev->res = *bak;
-	up(&pnp_res_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 	kfree(bak);
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
@@ -547,9 +547,9 @@ int pnp_disable_dev(struct pnp_dev *dev)
 	dev->active = 0;
 
 	/* release the resources so that other devices can use them */
-	down(&pnp_res_mutex);
+	mutex_lock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 	pnp_clean_resource_table(&dev->res);
-	up(&pnp_res_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&pnp_res_mutex);
 
 	return 1;
 }
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/power/power_supply_core.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/power/power_supply_core.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/power/power_supply_core.c
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ static void power_supply_changed_work(st
 	for (i = 0; i < psy->num_supplicants; i++) {
 		struct device *dev;
 
-		down(&power_supply_class->sem);
+		mutex_lock(&power_supply_class->mutex);
 		list_for_each_entry(dev, &power_supply_class->devices, node) {
 			struct power_supply *pst = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ static void power_supply_changed_work(st
 					pst->external_power_changed(pst);
 			}
 		}
-		up(&power_supply_class->sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&power_supply_class->mutex);
 	}
 
 	power_supply_update_leds(psy);
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ int power_supply_am_i_supplied(struct po
 	union power_supply_propval ret = {0,};
 	struct device *dev;
 
-	down(&power_supply_class->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&power_supply_class->mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(dev, &power_supply_class->devices, node) {
 		struct power_supply *epsy = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 		int i;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ int power_supply_am_i_supplied(struct po
 		}
 	}
 out:
-	up(&power_supply_class->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&power_supply_class->mutex);
 
 	dev_dbg(psy->dev, "%s %d\n", __FUNCTION__, ret.intval);
 
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/rtc/interface.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/rtc/interface.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/rtc/interface.c
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ struct rtc_device *rtc_class_open(char *
 	struct device *dev;
 	struct rtc_device *rtc = NULL;
 
-	down(&rtc_class->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&rtc_class->mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(dev, &rtc_class->devices, node) {
 		if (strncmp(dev->bus_id, name, BUS_ID_SIZE) == 0) {
 			dev = get_device(dev);
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ struct rtc_device *rtc_class_open(char *
 			rtc = NULL;
 		}
 	}
-	up(&rtc_class->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&rtc_class->mutex);
 
 	return rtc;
 }
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/scsi/hosts.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/scsi/hosts.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/scsi/hosts.c
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ struct Scsi_Host *scsi_host_lookup(unsig
 	struct class_device *cdev;
 	struct Scsi_Host *shost = ERR_PTR(-ENXIO), *p;
 
-	down(&class->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&class->mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(cdev, &class->children, node) {
 		p = class_to_shost(cdev);
 		if (p->host_no == hostnum) {
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ struct Scsi_Host *scsi_host_lookup(unsig
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	up(&class->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&class->mutex);
 
 	return shost;
 }
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/spi/spi.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/spi/spi.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/spi/spi.c
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ struct spi_master *spi_busnum_to_master(
 	struct spi_master	*master = NULL;
 	struct spi_master	*m;
 
-	down(&spi_master_class.sem);
+	mutex_lock(&spi_master_class.mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(dev, &spi_master_class.children, node) {
 		m = container_of(dev, struct spi_master, dev);
 		if (m->bus_num == bus_num) {
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ struct spi_master *spi_busnum_to_master(
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	up(&spi_master_class.sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&spi_master_class.mutex);
 	return master;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spi_busnum_to_master);
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ int spi_write_then_read(struct spi_devic
 		const u8 *txbuf, unsigned n_tx,
 		u8 *rxbuf, unsigned n_rx)
 {
-	static DECLARE_MUTEX(lock);
+	static DEFINE_MUTEX(lock);
 
 	int			status;
 	struct spi_message	message;
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ int spi_write_then_read(struct spi_devic
 	}
 
 	/* ... unless someone else is using the pre-allocated buffer */
-	if (down_trylock(&lock)) {
+	if (mutex_trylock(&lock)) {
 		local_buf = kmalloc(SPI_BUFSIZ, GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (!local_buf)
 			return -ENOMEM;
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ int spi_write_then_read(struct spi_devic
 	}
 
 	if (x[0].tx_buf == buf)
-		up(&lock);
+		mutex_unlock(&lock);
 	else
 		kfree(local_buf);
 
Index: linux-2.6-2/drivers/usb/core/hub.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/drivers/usb/core/hub.c
+++ linux-2.6-2/drivers/usb/core/hub.c
@@ -3143,7 +3143,7 @@ int usb_reset_composite_device(struct us
 		for (i = 0; i < config->desc.bNumInterfaces; ++i) {
 			cintf = config->interface[i];
 			if (cintf != iface)
-				down(&cintf->dev.sem);
+				mutex_lock(&cintf->dev.mutex);
 			if (device_is_registered(&cintf->dev) &&
 					cintf->dev.driver) {
 				drv = to_usb_driver(cintf->dev.driver);
@@ -3171,7 +3171,7 @@ int usb_reset_composite_device(struct us
 	/* FIXME: Unbind if post_reset returns an error or isn't defined */
 			}
 			if (cintf != iface)
-				up(&cintf->dev.sem);
+				mutex_unlock(&cintf->dev.mutex);
 		}
 	}
 
Index: linux-2.6-2/include/linux/device.h
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/include/linux/device.h
+++ linux-2.6-2/include/linux/device.h
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/pm.h>
-#include <asm/semaphore.h>
+#include <asm/mutex.h>
 #include <asm/atomic.h>
 #include <asm/device.h>
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ extern int bus_unregister_notifier(struc
 
 /* All 4 notifers below get called with the target struct device *
  * as an argument. Note that those functions are likely to be called
- * with the device semaphore held in the core, so be careful.
+ * with the device mutex held in the core, so be careful.
  */
 #define BUS_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE		0x00000001 /* device added */
 #define BUS_NOTIFY_DEL_DEVICE		0x00000002 /* device removed */
@@ -137,7 +137,6 @@ struct device_driver {
 	int	(*resume)	(struct device * dev);
 };
 
-
 extern int __must_check driver_register(struct device_driver * drv);
 extern void driver_unregister(struct device_driver * drv);
 
@@ -180,7 +179,7 @@ struct class {
 	struct list_head	devices;
 	struct list_head	interfaces;
 	struct kset		class_dirs;
-	struct semaphore	sem;	/* locks both the children and interfaces lists */
+	struct mutex		mutex;	/* locks both the children and interfaces lists */
 
 	struct class_attribute		* class_attrs;
 	struct class_device_attribute	* class_dev_attrs;
@@ -410,9 +409,7 @@ struct device {
 	unsigned		is_registered:1;
 	unsigned		uevent_suppress:1;
 
-	struct semaphore	sem;	/* semaphore to synchronize calls to
-					 * its driver.
-					 */
+	struct mutex		mutex;	/* synchronize calls to its driver. */
 
 	struct bus_type	* bus;		/* type of bus device is on */
 	struct device_driver *driver;	/* which driver has allocated this
@@ -451,6 +448,13 @@ struct device {
 	void	(*release)(struct device * dev);
 };
 
+enum {
+	DEVICE_NORMAL,
+	DEVICE_PARENT,
+	DRIVER_NORMAL,
+	DRIVER_PARENT,
+};
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 static inline int dev_to_node(struct device *dev)
 {
Index: linux-2.6-2/include/linux/usb.h
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6-2.orig/include/linux/usb.h
+++ linux-2.6-2/include/linux/usb.h
@@ -439,9 +439,9 @@ extern struct usb_device *usb_get_dev(st
 extern void usb_put_dev(struct usb_device *dev);
 
 /* USB device locking */
-#define usb_lock_device(udev)		down(&(udev)->dev.sem)
-#define usb_unlock_device(udev)		up(&(udev)->dev.sem)
-#define usb_trylock_device(udev)	down_trylock(&(udev)->dev.sem)
+#define usb_lock_device(udev)		mutex_lock(&(udev)->dev.mutex)
+#define usb_unlock_device(udev)		mutex_unlock(&(udev)->dev.mutex)
+#define usb_trylock_device(udev)	mutex_trylock(&(udev)->dev.mutex)
 extern int usb_lock_device_for_reset(struct usb_device *udev,
 				     const struct usb_interface *iface);
 

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