linux-kernel - Re: [RFC] Documentation about unaligned memory access

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Date:	Thu, 22 Nov 2007 22:04:34 -0500
From:	Kyle Moffett <mrmacman_g4@....com>
To:	Alan Cox <alan@...rguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc:	Daniel Drake <dsd@...too.org>, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	davem@...emloft.net, kune@...ne-taler.de, johannes@...solutions.net
Subject: Re: [RFC] Documentation about unaligned memory access

On Nov 22, 2007, at 20:29:11, Alan Cox wrote:
>> Most architectures are unable to perform unaligned memory  
>> accesses. Any unaligned access causes a processor exception.
>
> Not all. Some simply produce the wrong answer - thats oh so much  
> more exciting.

As one example, the MicroBlaze soft-core processor family designed  
for use on Xilinx FPGAs will (by default) simply forcibly zero the  
lower bits of the unaligned address, such that the following code  
will fail mysteriously:

const char foo[] = { 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07 };
printf("0x%08lx 0x%08lx 0x%08lx 0x%08lx\n",
		*((u32 *)(foo+0)),
		*((u32 *)(foo+1)),
		*((u32 *)(foo+2)),
		*((u32 *)(foo+3)));

Instead of outputting:
0x00010203 0x01020304 0x02030405 0x03040506

It will output:
0x00010203 0x00010203 0x00010203 0x00010203

Other embedded architectures have very similar problems.  Some may  
provide an "unaligned data access" exception, but offer insufficient  
information to repair the damage and resume execution.

Cheers,
Kyle Moffett

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