Message-Id: <20080110222744.05f86b18.kjwinchester@gmail.com>
Date:	Thu, 10 Jan 2008 22:27:44 -0400
From:	Kevin Winchester <kjwinchester@...il.com>
To:	"H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>
Cc:	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
	Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: hwclock failure in x86.git

On Thu, 10 Jan 2008 17:13:51 -0800
"H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com> wrote:

> Kevin Winchester wrote:
> > H. Peter Anvin wrote:
> >> Kevin Winchester wrote:
> >>> My first time building and booting the mm branch of x86.git was pretty
> >>> successful.  The only error I noticed was the following in my dmesg:
> >>>
> >>>  hwclock[622] general protection ip:804b226 sp:bff43e30 error:0
> >>>
> >>> I'm not sure exactly how to debug this.  I could bisect, but there seems
> >>> to be some useful debug information in there, so there might be
> >>> something better to try first.
> >>>
> >> That's a userspace IP; it implies the userspace hwclock binary did 
> >> something bad, or the kernel didn't permit it to do something it should 
> >> have.  The best thing to do would probably to strace hwclock and see 
> >> what it did when it died.
> >>
> > 
> > Unfortunately, but the time I can get a chance to run hwclock, the
> > problem seems to have fixed itself.  I tried booting into single user
> > mode, but `/etc/init.d/hwclock.sh restart` succeeds once I have my prompt.
> > 
> 
> The other thing you can do is to download the debug information and 
> source code for hwclock from your particular distro, and find out 
> exactly what operation inside the hwclock binary is triggering the segfault.
> 
> The only other option is to bisect.
> 

The first thing I notice about the path is that ioport_32.c and the unified ioport.c use __clear_bit,
while ioport_64.c uses clear_bit.

>From include/asm-x86/bitops.h:

static inline void clear_bit(int nr, volatile void *addr)
{
        asm volatile(LOCK_PREFIX "btr %1,%0"
                     : ADDR
                     : "Ir" (nr));
}

static inline void __clear_bit(int nr, volatile void *addr)
{
        asm volatile("btr %1,%0" : ADDR : "Ir" (nr));
}

so it looks like we removed a lock prefix for the 64-bit case.  Was that intentional?  Since I'm building for 32-bit, I'm not sure why I was affected, so maybe my problem is different.  Ingo, didn't you have a script somewhere to test the before and after of unification patches (or am I remembering something else)?

commit 4b5ea240a0c05ff90c4959fd91f0caec7b9bef1b
Author: mboton@...il.com <mboton@...il.com>
Date:   Wed Jan 9 13:31:11 2008 +0100

    x86: ioport_{32|64}.c unification
    
    ioport_{32|64}.c unification.
    
    This patch unifies the code from the ioport_32.c and ioport_64.c files.
    
    Tested and working fine with i386 and x86_64 kernels.
    
    Signed-off-by: Miguel Botón <mboton@...il.com>
    Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>
    Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile b/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile
index 8b4a8de..91a1795 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ CFLAGS_vsyscall_64.o := $(PROFILING) -g0
 
 obj-y			:= process_$(BITS).o signal_$(BITS).o entry_$(BITS).o
 obj-y			+= traps_$(BITS).o irq_$(BITS).o
-obj-y			+= time_$(BITS).o ioport_$(BITS).o ldt.o
+obj-y			+= time_$(BITS).o ioport.o ldt.o
 obj-y			+= setup_$(BITS).o i8259_$(BITS).o
 obj-$(CONFIG_X86_32)	+= sys_i386_32.o i386_ksyms_32.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_X86_64)	+= sys_x86_64.o x8664_ksyms_64.o
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ioport.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ioport.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e723ff3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ioport.c
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*
+ * This contains the io-permission bitmap code - written by obz, with changes
+ * by Linus. 32/64 bits code unification by Miguel Botón.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/capability.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/stddef.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/thread_info.h>
+#include <linux/syscalls.h>
+
+/* Set EXTENT bits starting at BASE in BITMAP to value TURN_ON. */
+static void set_bitmap(unsigned long *bitmap, unsigned int base,
+		       unsigned int extent, int new_value)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	for (i = base; i < base + extent; i++) {
+		if (new_value)
+			__set_bit(i, bitmap);
+		else
+			__clear_bit(i, bitmap);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * this changes the io permissions bitmap in the current task.
+ */
+asmlinkage long sys_ioperm(unsigned long from, unsigned long num, int turn_on)
+{
+	struct thread_struct * t = &current->thread;
+	struct tss_struct * tss;
+	unsigned int i, max_long, bytes, bytes_updated;
+
+	if ((from + num <= from) || (from + num > IO_BITMAP_BITS))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (turn_on && !capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	/*
+	 * If it's the first ioperm() call in this thread's lifetime, set the
+	 * IO bitmap up. ioperm() is much less timing critical than clone(),
+	 * this is why we delay this operation until now:
+	 */
+	if (!t->io_bitmap_ptr) {
+		unsigned long *bitmap = kmalloc(IO_BITMAP_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
+
+		if (!bitmap)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+
+		memset(bitmap, 0xff, IO_BITMAP_BYTES);
+		t->io_bitmap_ptr = bitmap;
+		set_thread_flag(TIF_IO_BITMAP);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * do it in the per-thread copy and in the TSS ...
+	 *
+	 * Disable preemption via get_cpu() - we must not switch away
+	 * because the ->io_bitmap_max value must match the bitmap
+	 * contents:
+	 */
+	tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, get_cpu());
+
+	set_bitmap(t->io_bitmap_ptr, from, num, !turn_on);
+
+	/*
+	 * Search for a (possibly new) maximum. This is simple and stupid,
+	 * to keep it obviously correct:
+	 */
+	max_long = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < IO_BITMAP_LONGS; i++)
+		if (t->io_bitmap_ptr[i] != ~0UL)
+			max_long = i;
+
+	bytes = (max_long + 1) * sizeof(unsigned long);
+	bytes_updated = max(bytes, t->io_bitmap_max);
+
+	t->io_bitmap_max = bytes;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
+	/*
+	 * Sets the lazy trigger so that the next I/O operation will
+	 * reload the correct bitmap.
+	 * Reset the owner so that a process switch will not set
+	 * tss->io_bitmap_base to IO_BITMAP_OFFSET.
+	 */
+	tss->x86_tss.io_bitmap_base = INVALID_IO_BITMAP_OFFSET_LAZY;
+	tss->io_bitmap_owner = NULL;
+#else
+	/* Update the TSS: */
+	memcpy(tss->io_bitmap, t->io_bitmap_ptr, bytes_updated);
+#endif
+
+	put_cpu();
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * sys_iopl has to be used when you want to access the IO ports
+ * beyond the 0x3ff range: to get the full 65536 ports bitmapped
+ * you'd need 8kB of bitmaps/process, which is a bit excessive.
+ *
+ * Here we just change the flags value on the stack: we allow
+ * only the super-user to do it. This depends on the stack-layout
+ * on system-call entry - see also fork() and the signal handling
+ * code.
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
+asmlinkage long sys_iopl(unsigned long regsp)
+{
+	volatile struct pt_regs *regs = (struct pt_regs *)&regsp;
+	unsigned int level = regs->bx;
+	unsigned int old = (regs->flags >> 12) & 3;
+
+	if (level > 3)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	/* Trying to gain more privileges? */
+	if (level > old) {
+		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
+			return -EPERM;
+	}
+	regs->flags = (regs->flags & ~X86_EFLAGS_IOPL) | (level << 12);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#else
+asmlinkage long sys_iopl(unsigned int level, struct pt_regs *regs)
+{
+	unsigned int old = (regs->flags >> 12) & 3;
+
+	if (level > 3)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	/* Trying to gain more privileges? */
+	if (level > old) {
+		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
+			return -EPERM;
+	}
+	regs->flags = (regs->flags & ~X86_EFLAGS_IOPL) | (level << 12);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ioport_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ioport_32.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 9295e01..0000000
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ioport_32.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,129 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This contains the io-permission bitmap code - written by obz, with changes
- * by Linus.
- */
-
-#include <linux/sched.h>
-#include <linux/kernel.h>
-#include <linux/capability.h>
-#include <linux/errno.h>
-#include <linux/types.h>
-#include <linux/ioport.h>
-#include <linux/smp.h>
-#include <linux/stddef.h>
-#include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <linux/thread_info.h>
-#include <linux/syscalls.h>
-
-/* Set EXTENT bits starting at BASE in BITMAP to value TURN_ON. */
-static void set_bitmap(unsigned long *bitmap, unsigned int base,
-		       unsigned int extent, int new_value)
-{
-	unsigned int i;
-
-	for (i = base; i < base + extent; i++) {
-		if (new_value)
-			__set_bit(i, bitmap);
-		else
-			__clear_bit(i, bitmap);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * this changes the io permissions bitmap in the current task.
- */
-asmlinkage long sys_ioperm(unsigned long from, unsigned long num, int turn_on)
-{
-	struct thread_struct * t = &current->thread;
-	struct tss_struct * tss;
-	unsigned long i, max_long;
-
-	if ((from + num <= from) || (from + num > IO_BITMAP_BITS))
-		return -EINVAL;
-	if (turn_on && !capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
-		return -EPERM;
-
-	/*
-	 * If it's the first ioperm() call in this thread's lifetime, set the
-	 * IO bitmap up. ioperm() is much less timing critical than clone(),
-	 * this is why we delay this operation until now:
-	 */
-	if (!t->io_bitmap_ptr) {
-		unsigned long *bitmap = kmalloc(IO_BITMAP_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
-
-		if (!bitmap)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-
-		memset(bitmap, 0xff, IO_BITMAP_BYTES);
-		t->io_bitmap_ptr = bitmap;
-		set_thread_flag(TIF_IO_BITMAP);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * do it in the per-thread copy and in the TSS ...
-	 *
-	 * Disable preemption via get_cpu() - we must not switch away
-	 * because the ->io_bitmap_max value must match the bitmap
-	 * contents:
-	 */
-	tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, get_cpu());
-
-	set_bitmap(t->io_bitmap_ptr, from, num, !turn_on);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search for a (possibly new) maximum. This is simple and stupid,
-	 * to keep it obviously correct:
-	 */
-	max_long = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < IO_BITMAP_LONGS; i++)
-		if (t->io_bitmap_ptr[i] != ~0UL)
-			max_long = i;
-
-	t->io_bitmap_max = (max_long + 1) * sizeof(unsigned long);
-
-	/*
-	 * Sets the lazy trigger so that the next I/O operation will
-	 * reload the correct bitmap.
-	 * Reset the owner so that a process switch will not set
-	 * tss->io_bitmap_base to IO_BITMAP_OFFSET.
-	 */
-	tss->x86_tss.io_bitmap_base = INVALID_IO_BITMAP_OFFSET_LAZY;
-	tss->io_bitmap_owner = NULL;
-
-	put_cpu();
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * sys_iopl has to be used when you want to access the IO ports
- * beyond the 0x3ff range: to get the full 65536 ports bitmapped
- * you'd need 8kB of bitmaps/process, which is a bit excessive.
- *
- * Here we just change the flags value on the stack: we allow
- * only the super-user to do it. This depends on the stack-layout
- * on system-call entry - see also fork() and the signal handling
- * code.
- */
-
-asmlinkage long sys_iopl(unsigned long regsp)
-{
-	volatile struct pt_regs *regs = (struct pt_regs *)&regsp;
-	unsigned int level = regs->bx;
-	unsigned int old = (regs->flags >> 12) & 3;
-	struct thread_struct *t = &current->thread;
-
-	if (level > 3)
-		return -EINVAL;
-	/* Trying to gain more privileges? */
-	if (level > old) {
-		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
-			return -EPERM;
-	}
-
-	t->iopl = level << 12;
-	regs->flags = (regs->flags & ~X86_EFLAGS_IOPL) | t->iopl;
-	set_iopl_mask(t->iopl);
-
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ioport_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ioport_64.c
deleted file mode 100644
index ff7514b..0000000
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ioport_64.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This contains the io-permission bitmap code - written by obz, with changes
- * by Linus.
- */
-
-#include <linux/sched.h>
-#include <linux/kernel.h>
-#include <linux/capability.h>
-#include <linux/errno.h>
-#include <linux/types.h>
-#include <linux/ioport.h>
-#include <linux/smp.h>
-#include <linux/stddef.h>
-#include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <linux/thread_info.h>
-#include <linux/syscalls.h>
-
-/* Set EXTENT bits starting at BASE in BITMAP to value TURN_ON. */
-static void set_bitmap(unsigned long *bitmap, unsigned int base, unsigned int extent, int new_value)
-{
-	int i;
-		if (new_value)
-		for (i = base; i < base + extent; i++) 
-			__set_bit(i, bitmap); 
-		else
-		for (i = base; i < base + extent; i++) 
-			clear_bit(i, bitmap); 
-}
-
-/*
- * this changes the io permissions bitmap in the current task.
- */
-asmlinkage long sys_ioperm(unsigned long from, unsigned long num, int turn_on)
-{
-	unsigned int i, max_long, bytes, bytes_updated;
-	struct thread_struct * t = &current->thread;
-	struct tss_struct * tss;
-	unsigned long *bitmap;
-
-	if ((from + num <= from) || (from + num > IO_BITMAP_BITS))
-		return -EINVAL;
-	if (turn_on && !capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
-		return -EPERM;
-
-	/*
-	 * If it's the first ioperm() call in this thread's lifetime, set the
-	 * IO bitmap up. ioperm() is much less timing critical than clone(),
-	 * this is why we delay this operation until now:
-	 */
-	if (!t->io_bitmap_ptr) {
-		bitmap = kmalloc(IO_BITMAP_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (!bitmap)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-
-		memset(bitmap, 0xff, IO_BITMAP_BYTES);
-		t->io_bitmap_ptr = bitmap;
-		set_thread_flag(TIF_IO_BITMAP);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * do it in the per-thread copy and in the TSS ...
-	 *
-	 * Disable preemption via get_cpu() - we must not switch away
-	 * because the ->io_bitmap_max value must match the bitmap
-	 * contents:
-	 */
-	tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, get_cpu());
-
-	set_bitmap(t->io_bitmap_ptr, from, num, !turn_on);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search for a (possibly new) maximum. This is simple and stupid,
-	 * to keep it obviously correct:
-	 */
-	max_long = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < IO_BITMAP_LONGS; i++)
-		if (t->io_bitmap_ptr[i] != ~0UL)
-			max_long = i;
-
-	bytes = (max_long + 1) * sizeof(long);
-	bytes_updated = max(bytes, t->io_bitmap_max);
-
-	t->io_bitmap_max = bytes;
-
-	/* Update the TSS: */
-	memcpy(tss->io_bitmap, t->io_bitmap_ptr, bytes_updated);
-
-	put_cpu();
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * sys_iopl has to be used when you want to access the IO ports
- * beyond the 0x3ff range: to get the full 65536 ports bitmapped
- * you'd need 8kB of bitmaps/process, which is a bit excessive.
- *
- * Here we just change the flags value on the stack: we allow
- * only the super-user to do it. This depends on the stack-layout
- * on system-call entry - see also fork() and the signal handling
- * code.
- */
-
-asmlinkage long sys_iopl(unsigned int level, struct pt_regs *regs)
-{
-	unsigned int old = (regs->flags >> 12) & 3;
-
-	if (level > 3)
-		return -EINVAL;
-	/* Trying to gain more privileges? */
-	if (level > old) {
-		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
-			return -EPERM;
-	}
-	regs->flags = (regs->flags &~ X86_EFLAGS_IOPL) | (level << 12);
-	return 0;
-}

-- 
Kevin Winchester <kjwinchester@...il.com>
--
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