linux-kernel - Re: Compact Flash Question

lists.openwall.net		lists / announce owl-users owl-dev john-users john-dev passwdqc-users yescrypt popa3d-users / oss-security kernel-hardening musl sabotage tlsify passwords / crypt-dev xvendor / Bugtraq Full-Disclosure linux-kernel linux-netdev linux-ext4 linux-hardening linux-cve-announce PHC
Open Source and information security mailing list archives

Hash Suite: Windows password security audit tool. GUI, reports in PDF.

[<prev] [next>] [<thread-prev] [thread-next>] [day] [month] [year] [list]

Message-ID: <48216039.3070001@wpkg.org>
Date:	Wed, 07 May 2008 09:54:33 +0200
From:	Tomasz Chmielewski <mangoo@...g.org>
To:	Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@...il.com>
Cc:	LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>, YSadgat1@...e.com,
	linux-os@...logic.com, Alan <alan@...rguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
	Linux IDE <linux-ide@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: Compact Flash Question

Bart Van Assche schrieb:
> On Wed, May 7, 2008 at 9:12 AM, Tomasz Chmielewski <mangoo@...g.org> wrote:
>> As Compact Flash and its wear levelling does not know about free space on
>> the filesystem, the wear levelling's effectiveness can be only limited -
>> writes won't spread on the whole free area of the flash.
>>
>> Does anyone know how wear levelling is done in these devices? Perhaps it
>> will differ from a manufacturer to manufacturer, but I guess they have a
>> free area we normally use to store data, and some reserved area used just
>> for wear levelling and bad block handling, but that's just my guess.
> 
> The wear leveling algorithm depends on the CompactFlash manufacturer.
> Most manufacturers define a certain number of areas on a CompactFlash.
> Each area consists of two or more sectors which are counted in the
> total size of the CompactFlash, and one or more spare sectors. Wear
> leveling is carried out within an area by spreading writes over the
> sectors in an area. The controller in the CompactFlash stores the data
> about which sectors are used for storing which data persistently. I
> know of only one manufacturer who makes the CompactFlash controllers
> carry out wear leveling over the whole CompactFlash. 

How does it work, then?
How can it do wear levelling over the whole CF if some (or most) area of CF is 
already used by our precious data/metadata?
It would have to know the areas where no data is stored, but it contradicts the 
CF <-> filesystem separation.


-- 
Tomasz Chmielewski
http://wpkg.org
--
To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in
the body of a message to majordomo@...r.kernel.org
More majordomo info at  http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
Please read the FAQ at  http://www.tux.org/lkml/